European Journal of Political Economy最新文献_第8页

Unleashing potential: Model-based reform benchmarking for EU Member States 释放潜力：欧盟成员国基于模式的改革基准

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102535

Philipp Pfeiffer, Janos Varga, Jan in 't Veld

{"title":"Unleashing potential: Model-based reform benchmarking for EU Member States","authors":"Philipp Pfeiffer, Janos Varga, Jan in 't Veld","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supply-side policies take centre stage in the EU's post-pandemic recovery plans. This paper employs a benchmarking approach to quantify the potential impact of structural reforms in the EU Member States. Based on a comprehensive collection of structural indicators and a rich endogenous growth model, we evaluate reforms in five policy areas: (i) market competition and regulation; (ii) taxation; (iii) skills and education; (iv) labour markets; and (v) research and development. For each indicator and Member State, we simulate the closing of half of the gap with the EU's best performers, implying ambitious reforms for countries with significant distance to the frontier. For these stylised reforms, we find significant potential gains in employment and output, raising EU GDP by around 2% and 8% after five and twenty years, respectively. In the long run, the policies can increase EU GDP by over 20%. The policies also reduce economic disparities between countries, given different scope for reform. For countries with a sizable distance to the best performers, increases in potential GDP could exceed 40% when halving the gap across all indicators. Among the reforms considered here, human capital investment emerges as central for enhancing growth potential. In addition, we find synergies across reforms and countries and assess the sensitivity to alternative assumptions on technology dynamics in our model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adopting the euro: A synthetic control approach 采用欧元：合成控制方法

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102537

Ricardo Duque Gabriel , Ana Sofia Pessoa

引用次数: 0

Court-packing and judicial manipulation 法院打包和司法操纵

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102536

Justin T. Callais , Gor Mkrtchian

引用次数: 0

On the side effects of fiscal policy: Fiscal rules and income inequality 财政政策的副作用：财政规则与收入不平等

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102534

Jean-Louis Combes, Xavier Debrun, A. Minea, Pegdéwendé Nestor Sawadogo, Cezara Vinturis

引用次数: 0

Import shocks and voting behavior in Europe revisited 欧洲的进口冲击和投票行为再探

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102528

Annika Backes , Steffen Mueller

引用次数: 0

Risk preferences and refugee migration to Europe: An experimental analysis 风险偏好与难民移民欧洲：实验分析

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102544

Daniel Joël Elanga Mendogo, Géraldine Bocquého

{"title":"Risk preferences and refugee migration to Europe: An experimental analysis","authors":"Daniel Joël Elanga Mendogo, Géraldine Bocquého","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the large majority of Syrians fleeing the civil war remain in neighbouring or nearby countries, others embark on hazardous land or sea crossings in pursuit of the uncertain prospect of obtaining refugee status in Europe. Understanding in what ways Syrian migrants who stay in nearby countries differ from those who seek asylum in Europe can help to better target European asylum policies. We address this issue by combining two experimental databases of refugees in Egypt and Luxembourg. First, we measure original risk preferences on the Egypt sample and show that Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) is better suited for modelling refugee behaviour under risk than Expected Utility Theory (EUT). Second, we compare the risk preference parameters of the two samples under the CPT framework and find that, on average, refugees in Egypt are more loss averse and overweight low probabilities more than their counterparts who migrated to Luxembourg. These results suggest a possible self-selection process among refugees migrating to Europe based on their risk preferences, which challenges current policy schemes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Income, growth, and democracy looking for the main causal directions in the nexus 寻找收入、增长和民主之间关系的主要因果方向

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102532

Martin Paldam

{"title":"Income, growth, and democracy looking for the main causal directions in the nexus","authors":"Martin Paldam","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of the political system of countries is noisy, but in the longer run a strong relation to the economy emerges in the cross-country data for income, growth, and the main democracy indices. Two main theories explain these relations: (α) starts from the strong correlation between income and democracy, seeing income as the causal variable. It is the democratic transition, which is the political part of the theory of the grand transition. (β) starts from the much weaker correlation between democracy and economic growth, seeing democracy as the causal variable. This is a part of the primacy-of-institutions theory, where the political system is a key institution. The discussion needs (λ) a link-relation between growth and income. It connects the (α) and (β) theories, so that one may explain the other. The analysis looks at all six possible univariate relations between the three variables using kernel regressions on a large, unified data set. This method gives a clear picture. The strong α-relation can indeed explain the weak β-relation as spurious, but the weak β-relation predicts that the α-relation is very weak. Thus, (α) encompasses (β), but not vice versa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scarring effects of major economic downturns: The role of fiscal policy and government investment 重大经济衰退的疤痕效应：财政政策和政府投资的作用

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102509

Martin Larch, Peter Claeys, Wouter van der Wielen

{"title":"Scarring effects of major economic downturns: The role of fiscal policy and government investment","authors":"Martin Larch, Peter Claeys, Wouter van der Wielen","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102509","url":null,"abstract":"Long shunned as slow and ill timed, the response to the Covid-19 pandemic initiated a reassessment of fiscal policy as stabilisation tool. At the same time, there is ample evidence that major economic downturns produce lasting effects on real GDP in spite of active fiscal policy interventions. This paper takes a fresh look at economic scarring in 26 OECD countries, including 14 EU member states, since 1970 and examines the role played by fiscal policy. We find that higher current expenditure – the favoured active response - does not mitigate the lasting impact of major economic downturns on real GDP. In contrast, more government investment can help but generally receives little attention. As a result, scarring effects are significant confronting governments with sustainability risks, which in turn weigh on the room for manoeuvre in subsequent downturns. In sum, fiscal policy makers face two difficulties in the event of a major economic downturn: (i) adopt the right type of fiscal expansion, and (ii) find the right time to pivot from short-term stabilisation to fiscal consolidation while protecting investment. Both challenges are fraught with political economy issues.","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140127886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Economic freedom and the greenhouse gas Kuznets curve 经济自由与温室气体库兹涅茨曲线

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102530

Christian Bjørnskov

引用次数: 0

Contest and resource allocation: An experimental analysis of entitlement and self-selection effects 竞争与资源分配：权利和自我选择效应的实验分析

IF 2 3区经济学

European Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102526

Katarína Čellárová , Rostislav Staněk

{"title":"Contest and resource allocation: An experimental analysis of entitlement and self-selection effects","authors":"Katarína Čellárová , Rostislav Staněk","doi":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2024.102526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Leaders who decide the allocation of resources are often chosen through contests. Due to imperfect monitoring, they often decide to allocate resources to themselves at the expense of others. This paper investigates how being selected in a contest affects such allocation through two channels: entitlement and self-selection effects. In our experiment, two players compete for the right to allocate resources between themself and a third, uninvolved player. We identify the entitlement effect by comparing the choices of participants who participated in the contest with those who were chosen randomly. Self-selection effect is identified by comparing the choices of winners and losers between treatments via a difference-in-difference approach. We find a significant effect of entitlement; people participating in the contest transfer fewer resources to the third player compared to those who did not participate. Further, we find no evidence that the people with specific distributional preferences self-select into the leaders’ role. Our findings suggest that the primary reason leaders allocate resources to themselves is their involvement in the contest rather than being a result of self-selection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51439,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Political Economy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0