Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association最新文献_第3页

Smaller-gauge catheters and greater body weights are associated with increased risk of peripheral intravenous catheter complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit. 在重症监护病房住院的猫咪中，导管口径越小、体重越大，发生外周静脉导管并发症的风险就越高。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.12.0717

Kyle L Granger, K. Zersen, Liz-Valérie S Guieu

{"title":"Smaller-gauge catheters and greater body weights are associated with increased risk of peripheral intravenous catheter complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit.","authors":"Kyle L Granger, K. Zersen, Liz-Valérie S Guieu","doi":"10.2460/javma.23.12.0717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.23.12.0717","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To identify risk factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) complications in cats hospitalized in the critical care unit (CCU).\u0000\u0000\u0000ANIMALS\u0000120 cats admitted to the CCU between October 2022 and September 2023.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This prospective, observational study was performed at a single veterinary teaching hospital. Cats hospitalized in the CCU for ≥ 24 hours were evaluated for enrollment. Peripheral intravenous catheters were placed by trained personnel following a standardized protocol and monitored for complications. PIVC complications were classified as extravasation, phlebitis, dislodgement, occlusion, line breakage, or patient removal.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Median PIVC dwell time was 42.25 hours (range, 24.25 to 164.25 hours). Overall PIVC complication rate was 18.3% (22/120), with extravasation (7/120 [5.8%]) and dislodgement (7/120 [5.8%]) being the most frequently recorded complications. Multivariable analysis identified that for each kilogram increase in body weight there is a higher likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.05; P = .03). Additionally, use of a larger-gauge (20-gauge vs 22-gauge) PIVC is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of a PIVC complication (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.56; P = .006).\u0000\u0000\u0000CLINICAL RELEVANCE\u0000These results suggest that smaller-gauge (22-gauge) PIVCs and greater body weights are associated with an increased risk of complications in cats hospitalized in the CCU. When possible, a larger-gauge (20-gauge) PIVC should be placed in cats admitted to the CCU.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's in the box? A toolbox for safe deployment of artificial intelligence in veterinary medicine. 盒子里有什么？在兽医领域安全应用人工智能的工具箱。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0027

Parminder S Basran, Ryan B Appleby

{"title":"What's in the box? A toolbox for safe deployment of artificial intelligence in veterinary medicine.","authors":"Parminder S Basran, Ryan B Appleby","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.01.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.01.0027","url":null,"abstract":"This report describes a comprehensive framework for applying artificial intelligence (AI) in veterinary medicine. Our framework draws on existing research on AI implementation in human medicine and addresses the challenges of limited technology expertise and the need for scalability. The critical components of this framework include assembling a diverse team of experts in AI, promoting a foundational understanding of AI among veterinary professionals, identifying relevant use cases and objectives, ensuring data quality and availability, creating an effective implementation plan, providing team training, fostering collaboration, considering ethical and legal obligations, integrating AI into existing workflows, monitoring and evaluating performance, managing change effectively, and staying up-to-date with technological advancements. Incorporating AI into veterinary medicine requires addressing unique ethical and legal considerations, including data privacy, owner consent, and the impact of AI outputs on decision-making. Effective change management principles aid in avoiding disruptions and building trust in AI technology. Furthermore, continuous evaluation of AI's relevance in veterinary practice ensures that the benefits of AI translate into meaningful improvements in patient care.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"27 8","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of voriconazole treatment in psittacines: 14 cases (2012-2023). 对小鹦鹉使用伏立康唑治疗的回顾性评估：14个病例（2012-2023年）

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0018

Daria Hinkle, C. Mans

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of voriconazole treatment in psittacines: 14 cases (2012-2023).","authors":"Daria Hinkle, C. Mans","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.01.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.01.0018","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To retrospectively evaluate the clinical use of voriconazole in psittacine patients for the treatment of suspected respiratory fungal infections.\u0000\u0000\u0000ANIMALS\u000014 client-owned psittacine birds.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Medical records were searched from 2012 to 2023 for voriconazole use in psittacines. Species, age, clinical signs, physical examination findings, CT reports, bloodwork results, treatment, and outcome were obtained from the records or client follow-up.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000African grey parrots were the most prevalent species (8/14). Dyspnea (9/14) and abnormal respiratory auscultation (11/14) were the most common examination abnormalities. An initial CT was performed in all cases, and pneumonia (10/14) and air sac disease (9/14) were the most common findings, with 8 cases having both pulmonary and air sac disease. Voriconazole doses ranged from 10 to 21 mg/kg (median, 16 mg/kg), with most cases prescribed as every-12-hour frequency (12/14). Three of 14 (21%) cases died or were euthanized within 24 days of diagnosis. One case was euthanized at 311 days, and 6 cases were lost to follow-up. Four of 14 (29%) cases lived > 12 months from diagnosis. Two of these cases cleared clinical infection after receiving voriconazole at 17 to 18 mg/kg (q 12 h). No adverse effects attributable to voriconazole were reported.\u0000\u0000\u0000CLINICAL RELEVANCE\u0000Voriconazole can be safely used for the treatment of suspected fungal respiratory infection in psittacines. However, the prognosis for resolution is guarded, and prolonged treatment and repeated diagnostic imaging are necessary in many cases.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"1974 6","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-pathogenicity avian influenza in wildlife: a changing disease dynamic that is expanding in wild birds and having an increasing impact on a growing number of mammals. 野生动物中的高致病性禽流感：不断变化的疾病动态，在野生鸟类中不断扩大，并对越来越多的哺乳动物产生越来越大的影响。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0053

W. Puryear, Jonathan A Runstadler

{"title":"High-pathogenicity avian influenza in wildlife: a changing disease dynamic that is expanding in wild birds and having an increasing impact on a growing number of mammals.","authors":"W. Puryear, Jonathan A Runstadler","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.01.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.01.0053","url":null,"abstract":"While diverse strains of low-pathogenicity avian influenza have circulated in wild birds for a long period of time, there has previously been little pathology in wild birds, ducks have been the primary and largely asymptomatic wild reservoir, and spillover into mammals has been limited and rare. In recent years, a high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus has emerged on the global scene and shifted the previously established dogmas for influenza infection. High-pathogenicity avian influenza has expanded into wildlife in unprecedented numbers and species diversity, with unmatched disease severity for influenza in wildlife. As the disease ecology of influenza has shifted with this new variant, significant efforts are underway to understand disease course, pathology, and species susceptibility. Here we focus primarily on the impact that HPAI has had in wild mammals while framing these novel spillovers within the context of significantly expanding disease in avian species and geography. The clinical and pathology presentations of HPAI in these atypical hosts are discussed, as well as prognosis and risk for continued spillover. The companion Currents in One Health by Runstadler and Puryear, AJVR, May 2024, provides further context on viral reservoirs and possible routes of direct or environmental transmission and risk assessment of viral variants that are emerging within wildlife.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"1982 9","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outcome in dogs with invasive adrenal gland tumors that did not pursue adrenalectomy. 患浸润性肾上腺肿瘤但未进行肾上腺切除术的狗的预后。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.12.0689

Gabrielle S Fontes, H. Piegols, Janis M. Lapsley, S. Bracha, L. Selmic

{"title":"Outcome in dogs with invasive adrenal gland tumors that did not pursue adrenalectomy.","authors":"Gabrielle S Fontes, H. Piegols, Janis M. Lapsley, S. Bracha, L. Selmic","doi":"10.2460/javma.23.12.0689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.23.12.0689","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To report the survival times in dogs diagnosed with adrenal tumors with vascular or soft tissue invasion that did not undergo adrenalectomy.\u0000\u0000\u0000ANIMALS\u0000Retrospective case series of 32 client-owned dogs.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000The medical records of a referral veterinary hospital were reviewed to identify dogs that were diagnosed with an invasive adrenal mass and did not undergo adrenalectomy between January 2013 and December 2022. Data collected included signalment, examination findings, and diagnostic results from the initial presentation. Descriptive statistics were calculated to summarize dog signalment information, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for calculation of median survival time.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Most dogs (n = 28) had vascular invasion, primarily into the caudal vena cava. Surgery was offered but not pursued due to perceived risk of sudden death (n = 5), risk of hemorrhage (4), or concurrent diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (1). Only 1 dog pursued stereotactic body radiation therapy, and 1 was prescribed toceranib phosphate (Palladia). Of these 32 dogs, 30 (93.8%) died or were euthanized and 2 (6.2%) dogs survived. The median follow-up time was 49 days (range, 0 to 1,910 days). The median survival time was 50 days (95% CI, 4 to 194 days). The most common cause of death or euthanasia was hemoabdomen (n = 8).\u0000\u0000\u0000CLINICAL RELEVANCE\u0000Nonsurgical management of invasive adrenal tumors was associated with short survival times in this case series.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"487 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A delay in entering invoice charges is associated with a decrease in total invoice amount in equine practice. 延迟输入发票费用与马术行业发票总额的减少有关。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.12.0672

D. M. D. D. C. Langdon Fielding

{"title":"A delay in entering invoice charges is associated with a decrease in total invoice amount in equine practice.","authors":"D. M. D. D. C. Langdon Fielding","doi":"10.2460/javma.23.12.0672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.23.12.0672","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE\u0000To evaluate the relationship in equine practice between the time delay for charge entry (time between when work was performed and when the invoice charges were entered) and the total amount of the invoice.\u0000\u0000\u0000SAMPLE\u0000A total of 67,597 invoices from 3 hospitals were included for analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Analysis of 67,597 invoices from 49 doctors working out of 3 hospitals was performed. Variables collected included invoice total, date of work, date of invoice entry, month of work, invoice category (A = ambulatory daytime, E = after-hours, I = hospital), and veterinarian. Time delay to invoice entry was the difference between the day of work and the day of charge entry. A generalized additive model was used to describe the relationship between the time delay for invoice entry and the invoice type, month of work, and invoice category. The best model was selected using the Akaike information criterion.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000In the selected model, total invoice amount was associated with time delay for charge entry and invoice category. Invoices entered on the same day of work were 299 ± $345, as compared to those entered the next day (255 ± $271) and those entered > 1 day after the work was performed (193 ± $196; P < .0001).\u0000\u0000\u0000CLINICAL RELEVANCE\u0000If the observed relationship between time delay (time between work performed and invoice entry) and total invoice amount is causal, equine practitioners may have significant opportunity to improve revenues by simply entering charges on the same day the work is performed.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"21 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spread and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance at the wildlife-urban and wildlife-livestock interfaces. 野生动物-城市和野生动物-牲畜界面抗菌药耐药性的传播与缓解。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.02.0123

Neil Vezeau, Laura Kahn

{"title":"Spread and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance at the wildlife-urban and wildlife-livestock interfaces.","authors":"Neil Vezeau, Laura Kahn","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.02.0123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.02.0123","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a health issue common to all One Health domains. Scientific understanding of what drives AMR and how it spreads is continually expanding. One such dimension of this expanding base of knowledge is the role wildlife populations play as reservoirs and spreaders of AMR. Indirect and direct sharing of resistant pathogens between wildlife and domestic animals occurs in a variety of ways across both the natural and built environment. Though AMR is found across much of the Earth's biome naturally, elevated levels in wildlife are largely attributed to the use of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine, along with other uses of antimicrobials in human industry. On the basis of current research, wildlife species appear to be net recipients of AMR overall. However, wildlife can carry and spread AMR across individual ecosystems and to other ecosystems via water, soil, arthropod vectors, and several other routes of conveyance. In addition to creating potential health issues for wildlife animals themselves, this potentially poses risks for both companion and production animals. This is especially due to urban/suburban and rural wildlife, respectively. If health practitioners and other stakeholders are adequately aware, measures can be taken to reduce risks across each interface discussed. The companion Currents in One Health article by Vezeau and Kahn, AJVR, June 2024, addresses in further detail the many wildlife reservoirs of AMR that are currently identified, as well as directions for further research.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"23 2","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lameness, muscle atrophy, and a discharging tract overlying the right shoulder region in a 3-year-old gelding. 一匹 3 岁的骟马右肩部位出现跛行、肌肉萎缩和排泄道。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.02.0085

Owen Fletcher, Moses Brennan, Marta Pereira, Carlo Bianco, Jonathon Dixon

引用次数: 0

Scoping review of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cell products in cats, Part 1: current logistics and safety. 间充质干细胞和基质细胞产品在猫科动物中应用的范围审查，第 1 部分：当前的物流和安全性。

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-06 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.02.0074

Tracy L Webb, Craig B Webb

{"title":"Scoping review of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cell products in cats, Part 1: current logistics and safety.","authors":"Tracy L Webb, Craig B Webb","doi":"10.2460/javma.24.02.0074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.24.02.0074","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a pressing need for new therapies to address unmet veterinary medical need, no approved stem cell products are available for use in cats in the US. To evaluate the current state of mesenchymal stem or stromal cell (MSC) research in cats, a scoping review of published literature was performed, which identified 108 publications related to feline MSCs. Twenty-six of the articles described administration of MSC products to a total of 215 cats. Twelve of the studies included a control group. These experimental and clinical trials used 7 cell sources, 9 administration routes, 12 delivery vehicles, and a 300-fold range in dosages for initial studies in healthy cats and cats with 12 naturally occurring and induced diseases. The majority of studies administered 2 doses of allogeneic, adipose-derived MSC IV and monitored a median of 6.5 treated cats for a median of 90 days. The majority (150/215 [69.8%]) of cats had no reported adverse events associated with treatment. Although an increase in feline MSC publications in the past 10 years indicates progress, the wide variety and small number of studies using MSCs and MSC products in cats demonstrates that current evaluations are mostly still in the discovery phase, and several issues remain related to larger scale trials using MSC products in cats. The current available publications provide information to direct further clinical study development and informed owner consent for study enrollment.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"39 18","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.11.0608

Rodrigo Rosa, Richard E Buckley

{"title":"Leash-related injuries associated with dog walking: an understudied risk for dog owners?","authors":"Rodrigo Rosa, Richard E Buckley","doi":"10.2460/javma.23.11.0608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.23.11.0608","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of dog-walking injuries has recently gained notoriety through major media outlets in North America, including the Washington Post, NPR, and US News and World Report. In this review, we have compiled data from the main studies published in the past 2 decades that assess the incidence, demographics, and injury patterns related to dog leash walking. The available papers indicate that dog leash-related injuries have increased, particularly among women over 65. The most common causes of injury are dog-pulling behavior, which can result in tripping or tangling, with or without a fall, as well as upper extremity injuries. However, there is a lack of information regarding dog size, breed, training status, the type of leash used at the time of injury, and the role each factor may have in the incidence of injuries. The available data did not allow for evaluation of the impact of weather conditions on injury incidence. Information about the involved dogs, type of lead device, and weather conditions could be useful in identifying risk factors associated with dog ownership and guide prospective pet owners and their families to mitigate the risk of injuries.","PeriodicalId":514111,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0