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Crime & Delinquency最新文献

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Immigrant Organizations and Neighborhood Crime 移民组织和邻里犯罪
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221084289
Young-An Kim, John R. Hipp, C. Kubrin
{"title":"Immigrant Organizations and Neighborhood Crime","authors":"Young-An Kim, John R. Hipp, C. Kubrin","doi":"10.1177/00111287221084289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221084289","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the impact of immigrant-serving organizations on neighborhood crime in the Los Angeles Metropolitan area, while accounting for other community correlates of crime as well as potential endogeneity. We estimate longitudinal negative binomial regression models that test for the main, mediating, and moderating effects of immigrant-serving organizations. We found that immigrant-serving organizations generally have crime-reducing effects for all types of crime. We also find that high immigrant concentration is associated with lower levels of crime in general, and this effect is moderated by the number of organizations, which underlines the importance of accounting for these organizations when studying the nexus of immigrant concentration and neighborhood crime.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"7 1","pages":"1948 - 1976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91102020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Delinquent by the Dozen: Youth From Larger Families Engage in More Delinquency—Fact or Myth? 十几名青少年犯罪:大家庭的年轻人犯罪更多——事实还是神话?
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221088036
Nicole L. Collier, D. Mears
{"title":"Delinquent by the Dozen: Youth From Larger Families Engage in More Delinquency—Fact or Myth?","authors":"Nicole L. Collier, D. Mears","doi":"10.1177/00111287221088036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221088036","url":null,"abstract":"Studies suggest that there is a linear and positive relationship between family size and delinquency. However, questions exist about this assessment. Drawing on prior scholarship and analyses, we revisit and test the family size-delinquency relationship. We also test whether the effect varies by sibling relatedness. Results indicate no consistent or large criminogenic effect of larger families on delinquency and that the relationship is considerably more complicated than what prior work has identified. Some beneficial effects are identified for children in full biological households, some criminogenic effects are identified for children from non-full biological households, and the relationships are curvilinear. Findings underscore the need to revisit research on family size and delinquency and to take into account sibling relatedness.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"98 1","pages":"1843 - 1870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83584589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Revalidating the Positive Achievement Change Tool (PACT) in a Major City: A Survival Analysis 一个主要城市积极成就变化工具(PACT)的再验证:一个生存分析
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221087949
K. Mueller, M. T. Carey, Keeyoon Noh
{"title":"Revalidating the Positive Achievement Change Tool (PACT) in a Major City: A Survival Analysis","authors":"K. Mueller, M. T. Carey, Keeyoon Noh","doi":"10.1177/00111287221087949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221087949","url":null,"abstract":"The Positive Achievement Change Tool (PACT) is a popular risk-assessment tool used in juvenile justice systems across the country. This study is an effort at revalidating the PACT in the context of a large Southern city by utilizing days to recidivism in the context of survival analysis. The current research is concerned with whether the PACT’s risk classifications are effective in predicting recidivism. Findings indicate that the PACT effectively predicts recidivism better than chance and that recidivism is especially common early on in probation, with most incidents taking place within the first 200 days. However, the predictive validity of the PACT is not strong for the study population, and its implementation may benefit from context-specific reforms.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"23 1","pages":"2678 - 2698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82541697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Presentence Investigation Reports and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Sentencing 出庭调查报告和判刑中的种族/族裔差异
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221077632
Rory Monaghan, Kaitlyn Konefal
{"title":"Presentence Investigation Reports and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Sentencing","authors":"Rory Monaghan, Kaitlyn Konefal","doi":"10.1177/00111287221077632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221077632","url":null,"abstract":"Racial/ethnic disparity in criminal sentencing is a major area of interest in criminal justice research. However, little research has examined the potential importance of the presentence investigation report (PSI) despite its wide-ranging use in criminal justice decision-making from sentencing onward. These reports are typically compiled by a probation officer post-conviction but before sentencing and provide relevant contextual information about offense and offender to aid the sentencing judge’s decision. Using data from the Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing (PCS) (2006–2016), we examine the association between PSI completion and racial/ethnic disparities in sentencing. Results suggest that PSI completion is associated with more severe sentencing outcomes overall, but findings regarding racial/ethnic disparities are mixed.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"23 1","pages":"2460 - 2483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89405275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
ISIS’s COVID-19 Messaging on Twitter: An Analysis of Tweet Sentiment and Emotions ISIS在推特上的COVID-19信息:对推特情绪和情绪的分析
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221083881
C. S. Lee, John D. Colautti
{"title":"ISIS’s COVID-19 Messaging on Twitter: An Analysis of Tweet Sentiment and Emotions","authors":"C. S. Lee, John D. Colautti","doi":"10.1177/00111287221083881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221083881","url":null,"abstract":"Terrorist groups have integrated social discourse into their narratives to exploit public fear. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an opportunity to measure how ISIS modified narratives, stimulated group communication, reinforced enemy hatred, and employed new mobilization/recruitment strategies. Using Significance Quest Theory, this study examines ISIS’s Twitter activity related to COVID-19 (N = 630,201) and how the group leverages the psychological effects and the social disruption. This study employs a two-stage analysis of tweet sentiment and emotion with a statistical analysis of retweet-motivating factors to explore how ISIS manages its narrative, needs, and network. Results show content with higher negative sentiment scores had more retweets across all sample sets. Insights include deeper understanding of extremist activity and group adaptation to external changes.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"11 1","pages":"1347 - 1370"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90294493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
An Examination of the Reciprocal Relations Between Treatment by Others, Anger, and Antisocial Behavior: A Partial Test of General Strain Theory 对他人对待、愤怒和反社会行为之间相互关系的检验:一般应变理论的部分检验
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221087947
Allison G. Kondrat, Eric J. Connolly
{"title":"An Examination of the Reciprocal Relations Between Treatment by Others, Anger, and Antisocial Behavior: A Partial Test of General Strain Theory","authors":"Allison G. Kondrat, Eric J. Connolly","doi":"10.1177/00111287221087947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221087947","url":null,"abstract":"General Strain Theory (GST) has received an impressive amount of empirical attention. However, much remains unknown about the role of sources of strain argued to be conducive to negative emotionality—such as perceived unjust treatment—on changes in anger and antisocial behavior over time. The current study aimed to begin to address this gap in the literature by assessing the relationship between changes in perceived unjust treatment, anger, and antisocial behavior across 8 years of the life course. Results from a series of auto-regressive cross-lagged models show support for GST, as well as offer evidence for new lines of empirical investigation. The reported findings offer some of the first evidence for a developmental cascade model of GST.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"11 1","pages":"2595 - 2613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78683425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Interplay Between Virtual Socializing, Unstructured Socializing, and Delinquency 虚拟社交、非结构化社交与犯罪之间的相互作用
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221083898
Wanda E. Leal, Cashen M. Boccio, Dylan B. Jackson
{"title":"The Interplay Between Virtual Socializing, Unstructured Socializing, and Delinquency","authors":"Wanda E. Leal, Cashen M. Boccio, Dylan B. Jackson","doi":"10.1177/00111287221083898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221083898","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescent socialization patterns have shifted toward less in-person socializing and more virtual socializing. Thus, it’s important to determine the association between virtual socializing and delinquency and whether virtual socializing represents a separate construct or a technological evolution of unstructured socializing. We explore this by using a modern virtual socializing scale on a nationally representative sample of eighth to 10th graders from the 2018 Monitoring the Future survey. Results indicate that virtual socializing is associated with delinquency, and unstructured socializing somewhat attenuates this relationship, but virtual socializing remains a significant predictor. Karlson-Holm-Breen method was used to assess the degree of attenuation produced by unstructured socializing, and demonstrates that unstructured socializing attenuates about 20% of the effect of virtual socializing on delinquency.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"85 1","pages":"1894 - 1918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86512915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Empirical Issues in the Homicide-Income Inequality Argument 凶杀-收入不平等论证中的实证问题
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221083885
Carlos Vilalta, Edel Cadena, Gustavo Fondevila, Carlos Garrocho
{"title":"Empirical Issues in the Homicide-Income Inequality Argument","authors":"Carlos Vilalta, Edel Cadena, Gustavo Fondevila, Carlos Garrocho","doi":"10.1177/00111287221083885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221083885","url":null,"abstract":"The argument that income inequality increases homicide rates has provoked scholarly debate, with some studies not supporting this position and providing evidence to the contrary. We identify several empirical issues with the current body of evidence, as well as their underlying problems. We challenge these issues by using more robust techniques than those typical of this literature. Based on the case of Mexican municipalities, we provide evidence that in fact, homicide rates correlated negatively with income inequality between 1990 and 2015, and that this relationship was moderated by levels of socioeconomic marginality. Likewise, we show evidence of spatial dependence in the relationship, thus challenging the assumption that geospatial units of analysis are probabilistically independent of each other.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"27 1","pages":"230 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85940933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A Cross-National Multilevel Analysis of Fear of Crime: Exploring the Roles of Institutional Confidence and Institutional Performance 犯罪恐惧的跨国多层次分析:制度信心与制度绩效的关系探讨
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221074954
Kai Lin
{"title":"A Cross-National Multilevel Analysis of Fear of Crime: Exploring the Roles of Institutional Confidence and Institutional Performance","authors":"Kai Lin","doi":"10.1177/00111287221074954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221074954","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing upon Wave 7 of the World Value Survey, this study performed multilevel analysis on fear of crime among 47,996 residents from 36 diverse nations. Confidence in the government and perceived government performance were identified as significant predictors of crime fear. Further analysis showed the effect of confidence in the government stemmed primarily from between-country variation, whereas both within-country and between-country variation in perceived government performance shaped fear of crime. In addition, macroeconomic factors and the proportion of urban population, but not national-level homicide rate, were found to be salient country-level predictors. The findings contextualize the elevated fear of crime in some countries despite declining crime rates and inform the recommendation that institutional confidence and performance be prioritized in crime fear reduction efforts.","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"31 1","pages":"2437 - 2459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81000064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
COVID-19’s Impact on Crime and Delinquency 2019冠状病毒病对犯罪和犯罪的影响
IF 2.1 2区 社会学
Crime & Delinquency Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.1177/00111287221084295
Joan A Reid, Michael T. Baglivio, Sarah M. Gardy
{"title":"COVID-19’s Impact on Crime and Delinquency","authors":"Joan A Reid, Michael T. Baglivio, Sarah M. Gardy","doi":"10.1177/00111287221084295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287221084295","url":null,"abstract":"The economies and social systems of communities and nations have been altered by COVID-19 (Best et al., 2021; Priya et al., 2021). Substantial evidence continues to mount regarding the widespread impacts of COVID-19 on criminal behavior and criminal justice response to crime (Balmori de la Miyar et al., 2021; Lallie et al., 2021). Undoubtedly, the pandemic has altered crime rates, the operations of the criminal and juvenile justice systems, policing practices, and the availability of health and social resources (Abrams, 2021; Buchanan et al., 2020; Desai et al., 2021; Langton et al., 2021; Semukhina, 2021). COVID-19 mandates continue to create major disruptions in daily life of all persons involved in the criminal justice system from youth in detention to correctional officers. For example, diminished personal and community connections due to the pandemic has disrupted the lives of detained individuals and criminal justice professionals tasked with their supervision (Buchanan et al., 2020; Lockwood et al., 2021; Schwalbe & Koetzle, 2021). Concerns regarding the spread of COVID-19 in correctional facilities have resulted in changes in detention protocols and rates of early release (Abraham et al., 2020; Hamblett et al., 2022; Henry, 2020; Surprenant, 2020). Mandated responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have altered the","PeriodicalId":51406,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":"33 1","pages":"1127 - 1136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86898647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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