Oriol Costa, Ana E. Juncos, Patrick Müller, Helene Sjursen
{"title":"Contested but Resilient: Accounting for the Endurance of the European Union's Foreign Policy","authors":"Oriol Costa, Ana E. Juncos, Patrick Müller, Helene Sjursen","doi":"10.1111/jcms.13686","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.13686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, it has become a commonplace view that European Union (EU) foreign policy is increasingly contested (see Johansson-Nogués et al., <span>2020</span>; Petri et al., <span>2020</span>), that is, subject to ‘an instance of strategic social construction that aims at undermining or displacing an accepted or emerging intersubjective meaning through the formulation of competing discursive interventions’\u00001 (Contessi, <span>2010</span>, p. 326). The literature has explored this phenomenon in a range of empirical fields, spanning from the United Nations (UN) Global Compact for Migration (Badell, <span>2020</span>) and climate (Petri and Biedenkopf, <span>2021</span>) to development (Hackenesch et al., <span>2021</span>) and trade policy (Eliasson and Garcia-Duran, <span>2020</span>).</p><p>To be sure, EU foreign policy has always been plagued with disagreement. Political conflict has long been one of its key features, and research in this field has paid close attention to it and the notion that Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) should be understood as a co-operation system designed to manage differences (Maurer et al., <span>2023</span>). However, the underpinning argument of the literature on contestation in EU foreign policy is that something new is going on.</p><p>We approach contestation in a way that helps specify this novelty. First, we claim that it does not stand for lack of agreement but for the critique of existing consensus (or ‘emerging’ consensus, as per Contessi, <span>2010</span>). The question is not whether disagreement has increased or decreased, but whether consensus on EU foreign policy is breaking down. Second, as argued by Biedenkopf et al. (<span>2021</span>), what makes current contestation different is not necessarily the amount of it, but the fact that it is ‘now more in line with the broader way in which political conflict is [structured] in Europe’ (p. 326). The themes addressed by current contestation are well aligned with the axes of political mobilization that organize political conflict in Western societies. The cleavage that pits cosmopolitans against nationalists (or integrationists against demarcationists) is particularly relevant in the present context. By implication, contestation of EU foreign policy can more easily resonate with ‘issues that have an appeal beyond the narrow community of its practitioners and observers’ (Biedenkopf et al., <span>2021</span>, p. 327). Finally, current contestation of EU foreign policy also writes itself into a general pattern of opposition to elements of the liberal international order (LIO), as the latter has faced quite some pushback (Acharya, <span>2018</span>) after its ‘high-water mark’ (Crocker, <span>2015</span>, p. 10) of the early 2000s.</p><p>We expect that this kind of contestation is more likely to have an effect on EU foreign policy. Addressing this hypothesis does not imply holding a negative view of contestation as such. Contestability is essenti","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1160-1174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.13686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two Norms Collide: EU Policy on Fragile and Conflict-Affected Countries","authors":"Julian Bergmann, Mark Furness","doi":"10.1111/jcms.13636","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.13636","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The European Union's (EU's) policy towards fragile and conflict-affected (FCA) countries has been framed by a normative solidarity narrative that promotes and legitimises collective action. Over the past two decades, the EU's commitment to protecting the security of its citizens has increasingly become a strong, competing normative driver of EU engagement in FCA countries. In tracing its evolution, this symposium article shows how the collision of the ‘solidarity’ and ‘protection’ norms has shaped the EU's approach towards state fragility. We illustrate this by discussing the policy frameworks for the EU's engagements in Mali and Libya. We argue that whilst the increasing relative strength of the protection norm has not united EU Member States around a common set of objectives, the solidarity norm has proven to be resilient at the discursive level. However, the increasing prevalence of the protection norm has weakened the solidarity norm's influence on policy practice. This has had systemic effects and contributed to incoherencies in the EU's foreign policy approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1223-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.13636","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From External Governance to Energy Diplomacy: The European Pursuit of Green Hydrogen","authors":"Silvia Weko, Rainer Quitzow","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Union (EU) and its Member States are faced with the double imperative of ensuring energy security whilst reaching decarbonisation goals. A number of authors have suggested that we are observing a geopolitical Commission that is shifting to more active ‘energy diplomacy’, as opposed to its traditional ‘external energy governance’ based on the EU's liberal and regulatory roots. However, this may be challenged by Member States that have their own views when it comes to hydrogen exports and, more generally, may oppose granting the Commission further capabilities in the international arena. Our paper examines whether Europe's role in international energy politics is indeed changing, using the case of green hydrogen in Algeria, Morocco and Mauritania. In Algeria and Morocco, we find that Germany has shifted from promoting green norms to seeking green energy supplies for its industry, whilst the EU plays only a supporting role. However, the EU is able to take the lead in promoting hydrogen in Mauritania, bringing countries that are skeptical of hydrogen imports, like Spain and France, under the Team Europe umbrella. This indicates that the EU is indeed engaging in energy diplomacy but does so only under specific (geo)political circumstances within partner countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1135-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crisis All Around? Crisification of the EU Institutional Discourse: A Longitudinal Perspective (2012–2024)","authors":"Karolína Garančovská, Monika Brusenbauch Meislová","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increasing frequency and complexity of crises have contributed to the crisification of EU policy-making and governance. Despite its far-reaching implications, the discursive dimension of this process remains seriously under-researched. This article addresses that gap by developing a novel conceptual framework for analysing discursive crisification across five dimensions and applying it to a unique longitudinal study of EU institutional discourse. Using a multi-method approach combining discourse network analysis and content analysis, the study examines a large dataset of tweets from six key EU institutions over an extensive 2012–2024 period. The findings reveal that whilst the breadth of crisified issues has remained stable, the emergence of new crises, the pre-emptive framing of potential crises and the articulation of interconnected crises have intensified in recent years. This shift towards a permanently crisis-aware EU reflects an evolving governance mode that reinforces crisis-driven policy-making, with significant implications for EU legitimacy and public perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"927-955"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"‘I Don't Want Another Five Years of “The Only Thing We Talk About Is Brexit”’: The Dynamics of EU (De)politicisation in Post-Brexit Britain","authors":"Anne-Marie Houde, Louis Stockwell","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The 2016 Brexit referendum was a watershed moment for the politicisation of the European Union (EU) in the United Kingdom. Much has been written about the politicising effects of the referendum, along with the Leave result's subsequent contestation in the media as well as in national and European election cycles. Using longitudinal media discourse analysis and in-depth focus group data, this article examines how everyday narratives of the EU reflect the extent of the (de)politicisation of the EU and its institutions 8 years on from the referendum and 4 years after the United Kingdom's formal departure from the EU. We compare citizens' narratives of the EU to the framing of UK/EU relations in the media, juxtaposing the differentiated narratives and constructions of EU (de)politicisation in post-Brexit Britain. We find that, in 2024, both media and citizen narratives reflect a diminished level of politicisation of both the EU and Brexit issues, with fewer and less emotive media headlines compared to previous years, combined with a sense of resignation, apathy and wanting to ‘move on’ amongst citizens. Importantly, however, whilst the saturation of EU issues in the media has declined post-2016, this overall trend is punctuated by moments of renewed politicisation in times of crisis, reflecting citizen narratives that the relationship between the EU and the United Kingdom may never be truly ‘settled’, and therefore remains open to renewed contestation in the future. The implications of this for understanding the dynamics of EU (de)politicisation in a former member state are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1048-1068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"European Union Normative Positions, Resilience and Contestation: A Perceptual Approach","authors":"Natalia Chaban, Ole Elgström","doi":"10.1111/jcms.13665","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.13665","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Positioned within a perceptual approach to European Union (EU) foreign policy, this article explores tensions relating to the resilience of the EU's normative identity, focusing on factors and explanations external to the EU. We engage with EU perceptions amongst external partners theorized as active agents/potential contributors to contestation processes. We focus on the perceived role of the EU as an international normative actor expected to mitigate the existential risks of climate change and pandemics for its own citizens and globally. We hypothesize two conditions for EU images to become less (or more) resilient in the face of contestation: (1) persistent contradictions leading to expectation–performance gaps as an initial condition and (2) situations of crisis, marked by perceptions of a watershed/historical event and strong emotions, that may amplify the expectation–performance gap. Empirically, we engage with the findings of the two major studies of EU external perceptions held by the EU's key global partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1238-1255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.13665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142176409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Judith Arnal, Juan Pablo Riesgo, Ignacio Niño, Chus Escobar
{"title":"The Day After NextGenerationEU: What Could the EU Do?","authors":"Judith Arnal, Juan Pablo Riesgo, Ignacio Niño, Chus Escobar","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>NextGenerationEU (NGEU) constitutes an unprecedented EU response, but it is expected to end in 2026, as it has been conceived as a one-off programme to counter the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. Yet, new challenges are emerging, and the EU needs to adapt accordingly. This article analyses the features of the Recovery and Resilience Facility, the main component of NGEU, exploring the most successful elements, as well as those where there is margin for improvement. It then presents the lessons learnt and principles any new EU financial facility should be based on to be potentially successful and, on that basis, elaborates on three complementary proposals of EU instruments. It finally suggests funding sources for these proposals.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1256-1271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Signalling Questions in the Recovery and Resilience Dialogues: What MEPs Ask When They Are Not Asking for Accountability","authors":"Ermela Gianna","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jcms.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parliamentary questions are often seen as instruments of executive accountability. Yet in the European Parliament's (EP's) Recovery and Resilience Dialogues, many questions appear to pursue alternative purposes. This article addresses this gap by asking: to what extent do Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) utilise parliamentary dialogues for purposes beyond accountability, and how do these alternative purposes manifest in their questions? To answer this, it introduces the concept of signalling questions – forward-looking and expressive interventions that aim to influence policy debates, demonstrate responsiveness to different publics or assert the EP's institutional role. Based on a qualitative content analysis of 447 questions raised between 2021 and 2024, the article identifies three principal signalling purposes: policy-seeking, vote-seeking and power-seeking. Policy-seeking questions were the most prominent, particularly amongst centre-left and pro-integrationist MEPs. Vote-seeking questions reflected both supranational and national concerns, especially in contexts of contested implementation. Power-seeking questions were comparatively rare, suggesting a more cautious performance of the EP's institutional role. These questions complement, rather than replace, accountability-seeking. The findings contribute to research on parliamentary behaviour, representation and the evolving role of the EP within multilevel European Union governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 3","pages":"1028-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jcms.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147686261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thank You to Reviewers List July 2024–July 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.70059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"64 2","pages":"912-923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146139310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jcms.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.70055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51369,"journal":{"name":"Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies","volume":"63 S1","pages":"292-303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145375105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}