Urban Studies最新文献_第5页

Urban street dynamics: Assessing the relationship of sidewalk width and pedestrian activity in Auckland, New Zealand, based on mobile phone data 城市街道动态：基于手机数据评估新西兰奥克兰人行道宽度与行人活动的关系

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241293659

I-Ting Chuang, Qingqing Chen

{"title":"Urban street dynamics: Assessing the relationship of sidewalk width and pedestrian activity in Auckland, New Zealand, based on mobile phone data","authors":"I-Ting Chuang, Qingqing Chen","doi":"10.1177/00420980241293659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241293659","url":null,"abstract":"This study empirically examines the adequacy of sidewalk widths in Auckland’s Central Business District in light of increasing active mobility and sustainable urban planning trends. Recognising the need to retrofit street spaces to prioritise pedestrians, we aim to determine whether current sidewalk dimensions meet the diverse requirements of users. We analysed average sidewalk widths and developed four mobility metrics – inflow and outflow travel distance, and density of visitors and locals – using a large-scale mobile location dataset comprising 113 million data points from 1.4 million users. These metrics, reflecting urban vibrancy and sidewalk use, were correlated with sidewalk widths to assess their adequacy. Furthermore, we applied cluster analysis to these mobility metrics, along with the diversity of Points of Interest, to categorise sidewalk segments, uncovering intricate usage patterns. Our findings indicate that sidewalks typically range from 2 to 5 m, catering to varied urban needs. Notably, we observed no direct correlation between sidewalk width and mobility patterns, but significant differences in inflow and outflow travel distances were evident, especially between key urban hubs and quiet residential neighbourhoods. Moreover, we identified seven distinct sidewalk categories, each reflecting unique qualities, suggesting that uniform widths do not define sidewalk utility or character. This highlights the need to rethink current capacity-focused sidewalk design, advocating for a nuanced approach that addresses the intricate demands of urban spaces. Our methodology offers flexibility and can be tailored to suit different urban contexts, providing a versatile tool for urban analysis and planning.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hello, stranger? How attraction trumps interaction in ‘new’ public space 你好,陌生人吗?在“新”公共空间中，吸引力如何胜过互动

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241295974

Sverre Bjerkeset

{"title":"Hello, stranger? How attraction trumps interaction in ‘new’ public space","authors":"Sverre Bjerkeset","doi":"10.1177/00420980241295974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241295974","url":null,"abstract":"Chance interaction among diverse strangers is a much-celebrated feature of urbanity. The rise in privately owned and managed public spaces, tending to displace people, activities and exchanges that may threaten business interests, has thus raised broad concerns. However, how such ‘new’, high-profile public spaces of the neoliberal or entrepreneurial city differ from ‘traditional’, everyday ones in terms of spontaneous encounters, is not well covered in the ever-growing public space research. Drawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in Oslo, Norway, this article explores the occurrence of peaceful chance interactions among strangers in ‘new’ public space. In the two examined urban squares, representing ‘traditional’ and ‘new’ public space, strangers interact on a regularised versus an episodic basis, reflecting major differences in ‘contact-supporting circumstances’. A close reading of the pertinent scholarly literature indicates that these findings have a broader significance. The article’s key contribution is the detailed documentation and conceptualisation of basic circumstances that distinguish a ‘new’ from an ordinary, everyday public space with regards to chance interactions. Herein, the study points to an important shift in urban governance and planning since the 1980s. A market-led notion of attractiveness in the physical and social environment takes centre stage in prestigious urban developments, at the expense of the disordered exchanges of everyday life.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zoning a productive city? A typology of clustering, diversity and specialisation in Melbourne’s urban industrial areas 规划一个富有生产力的城市？墨尔本城市工业区的集群、多样性和专业化的类型学

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241297839

Carl Grodach, Nícolas Guerra-Tão

{"title":"Zoning a productive city? A typology of clustering, diversity and specialisation in Melbourne’s urban industrial areas","authors":"Carl Grodach, Nícolas Guerra-Tão","doi":"10.1177/00420980241297839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241297839","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on identifying the nuanced land use dynamics of urban industrial zones. Industrial lands in major Western cities have undergone significant change in the face of increasingly competitive property markets. At the same time, many countries seek to reshore manufacturing and support local industrial activity amid changes in production technologies, global supply chain shocks and geopolitical insecurity. Yet policymakers often fail to seriously consider the contemporary character of industrial zones and research has yet to analyse this in a systematic way. In response, we employ k-means cluster analysis to develop a typology of industrial zones in Melbourne, Australia. The typology captures a range of industrial zone clusters, which vary by industry mix, specialisation and spatial pattern. While some clusters represent traditional industrial areas, others are highly diverse in terms of firm and employment mix encompassing service sector activity and specialised manufacturing industries. These variations underscore the limitations of traditional zoning frameworks focused predominately on use separation and point towards the need for more responsive and context-specific urban economic development and industrial land use policies.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The (re)enchantment of suburbia: Mediation of the production and consumption of Melbourne’s outer suburbs 郊区的（再）魅力：墨尔本远郊生产与消费的中介

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241293042

Nicholas A Phelps, Ashraful Alam

{"title":"The (re)enchantment of suburbia: Mediation of the production and consumption of Melbourne’s outer suburbs","authors":"Nicholas A Phelps, Ashraful Alam","doi":"10.1177/00420980241293042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241293042","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary suburban landscapes have developed at scale, in variety, at speed and with ethnic concentrations or superdiversity. These complexities call for the reworking of urban theory and method. In this paper we contribute on both fronts. We develop an interpretative framework that emphasises the mediation of the production and consumption of new suburbs. Methodologically, we analyse on-site billboards as ‘technologies of enchantment’ that provide insight into the symbolic mediation of the production and consumption of new suburbs. We visually inspected 114 billboards and 38 active residential developments in the City of Wyndham – a rapidly growing suburban municipality in Australia. Our research sheds empirical light on how increasingly standardised production and consumption by an increasingly varied profile of residents are reconciled in the symbolic (re)enchantment of suburbanism as a way of life. Our findings indicate the value of future research into: ways of life in systemically produced suburbs; the agency needed to fashion community in extensive mass produced suburbs; and new forms of consumer society-related alienation in suburbia.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The complexities of smartification: Exploring horizontal tensions in smart city governance 智能化的复杂性：探索智慧城市治理中的横向张力

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241298607

Desirée Enlund, Katherine Harrison

{"title":"The complexities of smartification: Exploring horizontal tensions in smart city governance","authors":"Desirée Enlund, Katherine Harrison","doi":"10.1177/00420980241298607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241298607","url":null,"abstract":"Smart cities build on visions for using technology to optimise various infrastructural functions andãmake city management more efficient, sustainable, and reliable. However, scholarship on smart cities has drawn attention to how data-centric planning simplifies the complexity of the urban environment and how a dichotomous approach to smart cities as either top-down or bottom-up may be overly reductive. This paper attempts to remedy this divide by highlighting the horizontal tensions in smart city planning, where tensions around implementing smart technologies appear as multiple actors and discourses converge in creating complex governance structures. We offer a case study of how scalar, temporal and social tensions around implementing smart city technologies are negotiated, based on interviews with employees in a Swedish municipality and several municipal corporations. We elaborate on three themes around time, the role of the municipality and infrastructure to gain a deeper understanding of the governance of and attitudes towards smartification. The interviewees described the complexities of implementing smart technology in reality, spanning various scales and intermingling public and private interests. These issues matter for how the municipality and the municipal corporations work with implementing smart technologies, making it anything but a straightforward process.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urban infrastructures, metabolic resource flows and the contradictions of circular economy ‘solutions’ in Nantes and Gothenburg 南特和哥德堡的城市基础设施、代谢资源流动和循环经济“解决方案”的矛盾

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241286750

Jean-Baptiste Bahers, Jonathan Rutherford

{"title":"Urban infrastructures, metabolic resource flows and the contradictions of circular economy ‘solutions’ in Nantes and Gothenburg","authors":"Jean-Baptiste Bahers, Jonathan Rutherford","doi":"10.1177/00420980241286750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241286750","url":null,"abstract":"Urban infrastructures, as socio-technical systems that transform metabolic flows, are a key focus for efforts at initiating a more circular economy of resource use and waste recovery. Beyond exemplar discourses and claims, an infrastructure-mediated understanding of and focus on actually existing circularity projects attends to the diverse array of components, sites and exchanges through which transformative socio-technical change is envisaged, enacted and challenged. This article uses in-depth studies of circularity infrastructure initiatives in Nantes (France) and Gothenburg (Sweden) that involve a range of public and private stakeholders. We focus on the contradictions and tensions in these initiatives to draw attention to circularity as a material and political process of relocalising resource use while spatially expanding resource networks. We show how this process involves reworking large-scale infrastructure while nurturing community-level initiatives of the foundational economy, and thereby shaping urban futures through reuse and recycled flows but with a view to sustaining economic growth strategies. We argue that the materialist and productivist logic underpinning the urban infrastructures of the circular economy largely serves to aggravate the underlying fundamental systemic concerns that circularity was supposed to address in the first place.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Of broken promises cities are made. Gambling, urbanisation, and belonging in Macau 城市是由破碎的诺言组成的。澳门的赌博、城市化和归属感

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241291988

Sheyla S Zandonai

{"title":"Of broken promises cities are made. Gambling, urbanisation, and belonging in Macau","authors":"Sheyla S Zandonai","doi":"10.1177/00420980241291988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241291988","url":null,"abstract":"Few places on Earth have experienced recent economic growth at the same level as Macau during the years of its gambling boom, which lasted for about a decade from when the first casinos after the liberalisation started to emerge in 2004. It may come as no surprise that, through gambling, the city was transformed under a broader strategy of human and urban ‘management’ in which neoliberal rationalities mediated investment, social welfare, and city development. A lot of ink has been devoted to analysing the economic, political, and social impact of Macau’s gambling governance throughout the golden years of the liberalisation and beyond, but few works have offered a platform to ‘voice’ lived experience. Drawing on ethnographic work, this article documents the reactions of Macau locals ( gentes de Macau, 本地人, bun dei jan) to the potent wave of gambling-led economic growth and urbanisation, adding a layer of novelty and complexity to this debate. It re-evaluates this incredible moment in Macau’s contemporary history under the notion of the right to the city, as argued by Lefebvre and other urban theorists (Jacobs, Harvey, Massey), who see this as the right to claim a shaping power over the processes of urbanisation that affect the ways in which cities are made and remade. Ultimately, the paper argues that, despite material accumulation, the people of Macau felt somewhat dispossessed of ways to influence the course of development and robbed of their sense of belonging and city ‘ownership’.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Where do neighbourhood reputations come from? Analysing Chicago community areas using a systematic neighbourhood reputation score, 1985–2020 邻里声誉从何而来？使用系统邻里声誉评分分析芝加哥社区区域，1985-2020年

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241297088

Forrest Stuart, Charles R Collins, Bocar Wade, Rebecca D Gleit, Caylin Louis Moore

{"title":"Where do neighbourhood reputations come from? Analysing Chicago community areas using a systematic neighbourhood reputation score, 1985–2020","authors":"Forrest Stuart, Charles R Collins, Bocar Wade, Rebecca D Gleit, Caylin Louis Moore","doi":"10.1177/00420980241297088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241297088","url":null,"abstract":"A longstanding maxim of urban research is that neighbourhood reputations matter. The subjective narratives and stereotypes about a neighbourhood influence a range of consequential processes, outcomes and inequalities. Yet, there remains considerable ambiguity regarding the primary drivers of the neighbourhood status hierarchy. What are the primary factors responsible for neighbourhood reputations? How and why do reputations change over time? Unfortunately, efforts to answer such questions have been hampered by methodological limitations, most notably the lack of a universal measure allowing comparisons between every neighbourhood in a given city. In an effort to address this shortcoming, this article offers a novel computational approach for generating a systematic measure, which we refer to as a ‘neighbourhood reputation score’. Leveraging a sentiment analysis method to examine every newspaper article published by the Chicago Tribune mentioning at least one of Chicago’s 77 community areas across five decades, we find that neighbourhood reputation scores are negatively associated with the proportion of Black residents in a neighbourhood. Although the strength of the relationship between ethno-racial composition and reputation increases over time, neighbourhoods in Chicago did not experience sufficient compositional shifts to assess whether demographic changes lead to reputational changes. These findings represent the most systematic evidence to date in support of the theory that ethno-racial stigma is the most influential driver of the neighbourhood status hierarchy.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reframing urban development politics: Transcalarity in sovereign, developmental and private circuits 重构城市发展政治：主权、发展和私人回路的跨尺度性

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241284763

Jennifer Robinson, Philip Harrison, Sylvia Croese, Rosina Sheburah Essien, Wilbard Kombe, Matthew Lane, Evance Mwathunga, George Owusu, Yan Yang

{"title":"Reframing urban development politics: Transcalarity in sovereign, developmental and private circuits","authors":"Jennifer Robinson, Philip Harrison, Sylvia Croese, Rosina Sheburah Essien, Wilbard Kombe, Matthew Lane, Evance Mwathunga, George Owusu, Yan Yang","doi":"10.1177/00420980241284763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241284763","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops the idea of transcalarity to reframe analyses of urban development politics. Our analysis starts from African contexts but is relevant to, and in conversation with, experiences on other continents. Accounts of the politics of urban development have rarely benefitted from the experiences of African urban settings. Characterised by relatively weakly resourced municipalities, informality of the urban setting and of the state, and highly transnationalised forms of governance, African experiences may seem to stand out as profoundly different from those which have informed dominant theorisations of urban development politics. And yet, it is across the African continent that a substantial portion of the world’s new, future urban areas are being made, providing strong grounds for theorising urban development politics starting from the diversity of experiences across the continent. Evidence from current research and long-term observations in three African urban contexts (Lilongwe, Accra and Dar es Salaam) indicate that inherited conceptualisations vastly overestimate the resources and agency of municipal government in many urban contexts and omit the enhanced institutional interests of national actors in urban development. Also, the range of international actors considered has been analytically restricted or mischaracterised, as global sovereign and developmental actors play a powerful role while significant private sector interests may not be very international. More generally, ‘circulating’ processes and actors might not be ‘external’ as, especially in relation to developmental and sovereign circuits, these are often embedded in and contribute to shaping emergent transcalar territorial networks co-ordinating investment in different contexts.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate change and municipal finance: Ordinary innovations for just urban transitions 气候变化与市政财政：城市转型的普通创新

IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/00420980241286362

Claudia V Diezmartínez, Anne G Short Gianotti

{"title":"Climate change and municipal finance: Ordinary innovations for just urban transitions","authors":"Claudia V Diezmartínez, Anne G Short Gianotti","doi":"10.1177/00420980241286362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980241286362","url":null,"abstract":"As cities worldwide increasingly adopt commitments towards climate justice, questions remain about the ways that city governments will be able to fund more just climate efforts. While the use of novel debt financing schemes has been examined in the literature for its justice implications, scholars have rarely interrogated how the more mundane tools and practices of municipal finance can be applied to enable more just urban transitions. Here, we use the USA as a case study to analyse the impacts of climate change and climate action on municipal budgets and to examine how cities are adapting their financial tools and practices to advance climate action and climate justice efforts. We employ a mixed-methods research design that combines 34 expert interviews with a systematic content analysis of municipal budgets from 15 US cities of different sizes. We find that both climate change and climate action can contribute to cities’ fiscal vulnerability by imposing additional expenditures and/or reducing municipal revenues. While most cities lack transparency about their investments in climate action and climate justice, some city governments are implementing ordinary innovations that embed climate and justice criteria into budgetary practices and funding tools. These ordinary innovations reveal that cities are beginning to reimagine municipal finance in the service of more just climate futures.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142753632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0