Sonya Negriff , Margo A. Sidell , Mercie J. DiGangi
{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences screening in healthcare settings: A focus on pediatric primary care","authors":"Sonya Negriff , Margo A. Sidell , Mercie J. DiGangi","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) screening in healthcare settings is emerging as one of the tangible responses to address the consistent evidence linking ACEs with health. </span>Kaiser Permanente<span> Southern California (KPSC) began ACEs screening in pediatric<span> primary care in 2018 and has developed screening and referral processes based on continued feedback from stakeholders as well as data driven assessment.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We give an overview of the state of ACEs screening in pediatric healthcare settings, challenges facing pediatric providers, and suggestions to address them. We then describe the development of our ACEs screening and referral process within KPSC as an example of how a large healthcare system has implemented and adapted ACEs screening from pilot testing, to phased expansion, to complete implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Children aged 2–18 years old who were members of KPSC 2018–2023.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We present data on the tailored screening and referral workflows we have developed, rates of positive screens and referrals, and how the initiation of ACEs screening may affect the rates of visit to behavioral health as a treatment option. We also integrate qualitative data to demonstrate the perspective of parents, with the goal of understanding what might help or hinder receipt of behavioral health treatment after ACEs screening.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We close with future directions for ACEs screening in healthcare settings and considerations for pediatric healthcare providers who may want to begin ACEs screening or adapt their screening and referral processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139991698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelsey M. Haczkewicz , Sheza Shahid , Heather A. Finnegan , Caroline Monnin , Courtney D. Cameron , Natasha L. Gallant
{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), resilience, and outcomes in older adulthood: A scoping review","authors":"Kelsey M. Haczkewicz , Sheza Shahid , Heather A. Finnegan , Caroline Monnin , Courtney D. Cameron , Natasha L. Gallant","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous research has demonstrated a dose-response relationship between exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adverse outcomes in adulthood. Despite widely known associations, previous reviews have primarily focused on outcomes in younger and middle-aged adults exposed to ACEs to the exclusion of older adults and do not consider the potential role of resilience for understanding outcomes in older adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present scoping review aimed to examine the extent and nature of existing literature on the influence of ACEs and resilience on the cognitive, physical, mental, and social health outcomes among older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a search of five electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, AgeLine, Scopus) using the following keywords: adversity, resilience, aging, and older adults. We limited our inclusion criteria to works published in English or French after 1998 as Felitti et al. published the first study describing ACEs in this year.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 4926 studies screened, 27 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, results from the included studies indicated that exposure to adversity during childhood was associated with worse outcomes in older adulthood. Additionally, we found that resilience and resiliency-related factors (e.g., problem-focused coping strategies) mitigated or reduced harms associated with ACEs to improve outcomes in older adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exposure to ACEs is associated with reduced functioning in later adulthood. Findings from this review indicate a need for further exploration into the role of ACEs, and the potential effects of resilience, on health outcomes in older adults to develop better individual- and population-level interventions for this group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Megan E. Collins , Matthew Hall , Paul J. Chung , Jessica L. Bettenhausen , Jordan R. Keys , David Bard , Henry T. Puls
{"title":"Spending on public benefit programs and exposure to adverse childhood experiences","authors":"Megan E. Collins , Matthew Hall , Paul J. Chung , Jessica L. Bettenhausen , Jordan R. Keys , David Bard , Henry T. Puls","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences are associated with poverty, and public benefit programs are increasingly used as primary prevention for negative child outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate the association between spending on benefit programs and cumulative exposure to ACEs among children.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Children aged 0–17 years in the United States during 2016–17 as reported in National Survey of Children's Health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the sum of state and federal spending on 5 categories of public benefit programs at the state-level. The primary exposure was mean annual spending per person living below the Federal poverty limit across 2010–2017 Federal fiscal years. The primary outcome was children <18 years old having ever been exposed to ≥ 4 ACEs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nationally, 5.7 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 5.3 % - 6.0 %) of children had exposure to ≥ 4 ACEs. After adjustment for children's race and ethnicity, total spending on benefit programs was associated with lower exposure to ≥ 4 ACEs (odds 0.96 [95 % CI: 0.95, 0.97]; <em>p</em> < 0.001). Increased spending in each individual benefit category was also associated with decreased cumulative ACEs exposure (all <em>p</em> < 0.05). Inverse associations were largely consistent when children were stratified by race and ethnicity and income strata.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Investments in public benefit programs may not only decrease poverty but also have broad positive effects on near- and long-term child well-being beyond the programs' stated objectives. Findings support federal and state efforts to prioritize families' economic stability as part of a public health model to prevent ACEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexis Brieant , Lucinda M. Sisk , Taylor J. Keding , Emily M. Cohodes , Dylan G. Gee
{"title":"Leveraging multivariate approaches to advance the science of early-life adversity","authors":"Alexis Brieant , Lucinda M. Sisk , Taylor J. Keding , Emily M. Cohodes , Dylan G. Gee","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since the landmark Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) study, adversity research has expanded to more precisely account for the multifaceted nature of adverse experiences. The complex data structures and interrelated nature of adversity data require robust multivariate statistical methods, and recent methodological and statistical innovations have facilitated advancements in research on childhood adversity. Here, we provide an overview of a subset of multivariate methods that we believe hold particular promise for advancing the field's understanding of early-life adversity, and discuss how these approaches can be practically applied to explore different research questions. This review covers data-driven or unsupervised approaches (including dimensionality reduction and person-centered clustering/subtype identification) as well as supervised/prediction-based approaches (including linear and tree-based models and neural networks). For each, we highlight studies that have effectively applied the method to provide novel insight into early-life adversity. Taken together, we hope this review serves as a resource to adversity researchers looking to expand upon the cumulative approach described in the original ACEs study, thereby advancing the field's understanding of the complexity of adversity and related developmental consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140195044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon M. Li , Chengmian Zhang , Kaiwen Bi , Mark Shuquan Chen
{"title":"Longitudinal impacts of adverse childhood experiences on multidimensional health outcomes: Predicting trajectories in mental, physical, and behavioral health","authors":"Simon M. Li , Chengmian Zhang , Kaiwen Bi , Mark Shuquan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) elevate the risk of poor health later in life.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to provide a more comprehensive investigation of the multidimensional health risks associated with ACEs, to address a gap in the understanding of their longitudinal impact on mental, physical, and behavioral health domains.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>This study included 6, 504 participants (51.61 % females) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2018).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span><span>We utilized latent class growth analysis to identify trajectories from adolescence to adulthood in three health domains: depression (Mental Health, MH), self-report physical health (SRH), and </span>binge drinking frequency (BDF). Binary logistic regression was then used to assess the </span><em>unique</em> contributions of different types of ACEs to these longitudinal health trajectories.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three to four trajectories were identified for MH (consistently low, decreasing, increasing), SRH (consistently low, decreasing, increasing, consistently high), and BDF (consistently low, decreasing, moderate). Regression results showed that experience of emotional abuse and witnessed community violence elevated the risk associated with unfavorable trajectories in the mental health and behavioral health domains, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individual ACEs differentially predicted mental, physical, and behavioral health trajectories, potentially through various pathways. Prevention of ACEs could mitigate health risks for adolescents and young adults across these domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intergenerational transmission of parent adverse childhood experiences to child outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nicole Racine , Audrey-Ann Deneault , Raela Thiemann , Jessica Turgeon , Jenney Zhu , Jessica Cooke , Sheri Madigan","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current meta-analytic review provides a comprehensive synthesis of studies examining parent exposure to ACEs<span> and the developmental and mental health outcomes of their children.</span></div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>Eligible studies up to August 2021 were identified through comprehensive database searches in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Embase. Studies that were included examined the intergenerational effects of parent ACEs on child development (i.e., cognitive, language, motor, social difficulties, and early social-emotional development) or mental health (i.e., internalizing problems, externalizing problems) outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were extracted by two coders using a standardized extraction protocol. A multi-level meta-analytic approach was used to derive pooled effect sizes and test for moderators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 52 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Parent ACEs were positively associated with child mental health problems (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.17, 95<!--> <!-->% CI [0.12, 0.21], <em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->.001), child externalizing difficulties (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.20, 95<!--> <!-->% CI [0.15, 0.26], <em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->.001), and child internalizing difficulties (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.17, 95<!--> <!-->% CI [0.11, 0.22], <em>p</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->.001). There were no significant sociodemographic (i.e., child age, parent age, income level, child sex, or racial/ethnic minority status) or methodological (i.e., study type or quality) moderators of these associations. Preliminary evidence suggests that parent ACEs were not associated with offspring developmental outcomes, such as cognitive or language skills.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results suggest that parent ACEs are associated with some, but not all child outcomes. Additional research focused on the mechanisms of transmission are needed to inform policies and practices related to the intergenerational transmission of ACEs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41219794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jenney Zhu , Nicole Racine , Chloe Devereux , David C. Hodgins , Sheri Madigan
{"title":"Associations between adverse childhood experiences and substance use: A meta-analysis","authors":"Jenney Zhu , Nicole Racine , Chloe Devereux , David C. Hodgins , Sheri Madigan","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can be associated with negative health outcomes such as </span>substance use. However, extant literature assessing this association is mixed.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present meta-analysis was conducted to obtain a pooled effect size for the association between ACEs and substance use (i.e., smoking, problematic alcohol use, heavy alcohol use, illicit drug use, and cannabis use).</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div>The present meta-analyses included 102 studies (<em>N</em> = 901,864), where 42.32 % of participants were male, and the mean age was 30.91 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase<span>, and PsycINFO in August 2021 and moderators were examined. Inclusion criteria included studies that measured ACEs prior to age 18 and substance use, and were published in English. All analyses were completed in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software, Version 3.0 (</span></span><span><span>Borenstein et al., 2009</span></span>).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>Pooled effect sizes between ACEs and smoking [OR = 1.803 (95 % CI 1.588, 2.048)], problematic alcohol use [OR = 1.812 (95 % CI 1.606, 2.044)], heavy alcohol use [OR = 1.537 (95 % CI 1.344, 1.758)], cannabis use [OR = 1.453 (95 % CI 1.184, 1.786)] and </span>illicit drug use [OR = 1.695 (95 % CI 1.530, 1.878)] were significant. Significant moderators contribute to the understanding of the association between ACEs and substance use, and are discussed extensively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ACEs confer risk for substance use and trauma-informed approaches to substance use treatment should be considered. Study limitations and implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 106431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10246742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Madison E. Bigler , Isabel K. Schuurmans , Yiwen Zhu , Nitasha Siddique , Nadia Hoffman , Nastassja Koen , Heather J. Zar , Dan J. Stein , Charlotte A.M. Cecil , Erin C. Dunn
{"title":"Are different types of childhood adversities correlated within and across time? A comparison of data on adversity co-occurrence from three longitudinal birth cohort studies","authors":"Madison E. Bigler , Isabel K. Schuurmans , Yiwen Zhu , Nitasha Siddique , Nadia Hoffman , Nastassja Koen , Heather J. Zar , Dan J. Stein , Charlotte A.M. Cecil , Erin C. Dunn","doi":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Existing research on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) emphasizes that ACEs tend to co-occur, both at specific timepoints and across development. However, these conclusions are often drawn from cross-sectional data, retrospective reports, and high-risk samples. Patterns of ACE co-occurrence have yet to be investigated longitudinally using repeated, time-specific measures of ACE exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Assess patterns of ACE co-occurrence across development and compare findings from three longitudinal birth cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Participants and setting</h3><div><span>Data came from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; U.K.), the Generation R Study (GenR; The Netherlands), and the Drakenstein Child </span>Health Study (DCHS; South Africa).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>ACEs were measured repeatedly from birth to age 10 using prospective caregiver reports. Cohort-level tetrachoric correlations were estimated to characterize associations within and between ACE types and by timepoints.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ACEs were only moderately correlated within and across time, with correlation estimates under <em>r</em> <em>=</em> 0.5 at most timepoints, even for the most prevalent exposures. In all cohorts, ACEs capturing direct victimization had the highest co-occurrence with each other. ACEs capturing household dysfunction tended to persist over time but were less likely to co-occur with other ACEs. ACEs were most prevalent in DCHS and had the highest co-occurrence in ALSPAC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Variation exists in patterns of ACE co-occurrence by ACE type, developmental timing, and sample. Given these results, researchers and clinicians should challenge the assumption that all ACEs consistently co-occur. Instead, ACE exposure when measured via parent or participant self report - may need to be assessed repeatedly across development to better understand patterns of ACE co-occurrence and inform targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51343,"journal":{"name":"Child Abuse & Neglect","volume":"168 ","pages":"Article 107315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}