Lancet Respiratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The passage of Ireland's Human Tissue Act: challenges, consequences, and cross-border cooperation","authors":"Aoife Leonard, Brian O’Brien, Ian Conrick-Martin, Karen Healy, Alan Gaffney","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00090-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00090-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics: an underestimated and underregulated crisis","authors":"Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00086-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00086-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory risks and asthma attacks: what comes next?","authors":"Mona Al-Ahmad, Asmaa Ali","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00057-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00057-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory and clinical risk factors for asthma attacks (ORACLE2): a patient-level meta-analysis of control groups of 22 randomised trials","authors":"Fleur L Meulmeester, Samuel Mailhot-Larouche, Carlos Celis-Preciado, Samuel Lemaire-Paquette, Sanjay Ramakrishnan, Michael E Wechsler, Guy Brusselle, Jonathan Corren, Jo Hardy, Sarah E Diver, Christopher E Brightling, Mario Castro, Nicola A Hanania, David J Jackson, Neil Martin, Annette Laugerud, Emilio Santoro, Chris Compton, Megan E Hardin, Cecile T J Holweg, Simon Couillard","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00037-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00037-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Clinical risk factors for severe asthma attacks have been identified, but their incremental prognostic values are unclear. Additionally, the incremental contribution of type 2 inflammation, a common, treatable process, is undetermined. We aimed to quantify the prognostic value of baseline characteristics and type 2 inflammatory biomarkers, specifically blood eosinophil count and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), to predict asthma attacks.<h3>Methods</h3>In this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), Oxford Asthma Attack Risk Scale 2 (ORACLE2), we searched MEDLINE from Jan 1, 1993, to April 1, 2021, for trials investigating fixed treatment regimen effects on asthma attack rates for at least 6 months with baseline blood eosinophil count and FeNO. Eligible participants were aged 12 years or older with asthma (any severity) who had been randomly assigned to the control group of an RCT. Relevant trials were manually retrieved and reviewed by two independent reviewers (SC and IDP). Disagreements were discussed with five reviewers. Individual patient data (IPD) for meta-analysis were requested from study authors. We investigated the rate of severe asthma attacks (≥3 days of systemic corticosteroids) for at least 6 months and prognostic effects of baseline blood eosinophil count and FeNO in control group participants. Rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were derived for annualised asthma attack rates from negative binomial models adjusted for key variables, including blood eosinophil count and FeNO, and interactions between these type 2 inflammatory biomarkers were explored. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. The heterogeneity of the included studies and potential for ecological bias were quantified by the concordance statistic (C-statistic). This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021245337.<h3>Findings</h3>We identified 976 potentially eligible studies. After automated screening, we manually reviewed 219 full-text articles. Of these, 19 publications comprising 23 RCTs were eligible. 6513 participants (4140 [64%] female; 2370 [36%] male; three missing) spanning 22 RCTs were included for data analysis. 5972 (92%) of 6513 patients had moderate-to-severe asthma. 4615 asthma attacks occurred during 5482 person-years of follow-up (annualised rate 0·84 per person-year). Higher blood eosinophil count or FeNO was linked to higher asthma attack risk (per 10-fold increase, RR 1·48 [95% CI 1·30–1·68] for blood eosinophil count and 1·44 [1·26–1·65] for FeNO; high-certainty evidence). Other prognostic factors were attack history (yes <em>vs</em> no, RR 1·94 [1·61–2·32]); disease severity (severe <em>vs</em> moderate, RR 1·57 [1·22–2·03]); FEV<sub>1</sub> percentage predicted (FEV<sub>1</sub>%; per 10% decrease, RR 1·11 [1·08–1·15]); and 5-item Asthma Control Questionnaire score (ACQ-5; per 0·5 increase, RR 1·10 [1·07–1·13]). High blood eosinophil count and FeNO combined were associated with ","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change fuels deadly dust storms worldwide","authors":"Bryant Furlow","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00123-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00123-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Respir Med 2025; 13: 318–26","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00078-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00078-5","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Norberg SM, Valdez J, Napier S, et al. PRGN-2012 gene therapy in adults with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: a pivotal phase 1/2 clinical trial.</em> Lancet Respir Med <em>2025; <strong>13:</strong> 318–26</em>—In this Article, some of the appendix page numbers in the main text and an abbreviation in the tables have been updated, and missing or switched data for patients 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 27 in figure 2 have been corrected. These corrections have been made to the online version as of April 1, 2025.","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The weight of air: a Commission on palliative care integration in serious respiratory illness","authors":"William E Rosa, Afsan Bhadelia, Gemma Bowsher, Mark Dransfield, Anand S Iyer, Felicia Marie Knaul, Kathleen Lindell, Matthew Maddocks, Christian Ntizimira, Obianuju Ozoh, Pedro E Pérez-Cruz, Lukas Radbruch, Smriti Rana, Anne-Marie Russell, Mac Skelton, Natasha Smallwood, Samuel Byiringiro, Jeffersson Santos, Donald R Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00076-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00076-1","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumonia: a neglected global threat","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00087-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00087-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the DPP-1 inhibitor HSK31858 in adults with bronchiectasis in China (SAVE-BE): a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"Nan-Shan Zhong, Rong Qiu, Jie Cao, Yan-Ming Huang, Hua Zhou, Xing-Xiang Xu, Jin-Fu Xu, Huan Ye, Zhi-Ren Yang, Ling-Yun Gao, Yao Shen, Zu-Ke Xiao, Shi-Guang Xie, Dian-Jie Lin, Li Zhao, Hao Xiong, Xian-Ming Zhang, Fang-Qiong Li, Wei-Jie Guan, James D Chalmers, James Duncan Chalmers","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00019-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00019-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;Airway neutrophil inflammation with excessive neutrophil serine proteases is implicated in frequent exacerbations of bronchiectasis. HSK31858 is a novel reversible inhibitor of DPP-1. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of HSK31858 in decreasing the frequency of bronchiectasis exacerbations among adults with bronchiectasis.&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;SAVE-BE was a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 25 tertiary centres in China. Participants were aged 18 years or older with a physician diagnosis of bronchiectasis, according to chest high-resolution CT showing bronchial dilatation and compatible respiratory symptoms, and at least two exacerbations within 12 months before screening. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) via a central interactive web-response system to receive 20 mg HSK31858, 40 mg HSK31858, or placebo, orally, once daily for 24 weeks. Randomisation was stratified by exacerbation frequency in the previous year (less than three &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; three or more annually) and study investigators and participants were masked to group assignment for analysis of study outcomes. The primary endpoint was the annualised exacerbation frequency over 24 weeks, assessed in the full analysis set. Safety was monitored throughout the study. This trial is registered with &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;ClinicalTrials.gov&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"&gt;&lt;path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;span&gt;NCT05601778&lt;/span&gt;&lt;svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"&gt;&lt;path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;Between Dec 6, 2022, and March 31, 2024, 292 patients were screened, 226 of whom were enrolled and randomly assigned (75 to the 20 mg HSK31858 group, 76 to the 40 mg HSK31858 group, and 75 to the placebo group. 74 patients received 20 mg HSK31858, 75 received 40 mg HSK31858, and 75 received placebo and were included in the full analysis set. In the full analysis set, 136 (61%) participants were female and 88 (39%) were male. The mean annualised frequency of exacerbations was 1·00 per person-year (SD 1·44) in the 20 mg HSK31858 group, 0·75 per person-year (1·37) in the 40 mg HSK31858 group, and 1·88 per person-year (1·97) in the placebo group. The least-squares mean frequency of exacerbations was 1·05 per person-year (95% CI 0·73–1·51) in the 20 mg HSK31858 group, 0·83 per person-year (0·55–1·25) in the 40 mg HSK31858 group, and 2·01 per person-year (1·53–2·63) in the placebo group. The incidence rate ratio compared with placebo was 0·52 (95% CI 0·34–0·80; p=0·0031) for the 20 mg HSK31858 group and 0·41 (0·26–0·66; p=0·0002) for the 40 mg HSK31858 group. The incidence of adverse events was similar across the three groups. Neither HSK31858 dose was associate","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting neutrophil serine proteases in bronchiectasis—where are we now?","authors":"Oleksandr Mazulov","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00079-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00079-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}