Lancet Respiratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Thoracentesis: an old story and some new sources","authors":"Emmanuel Drouin, Eric Wiel, Edouard Lansiaux, Jacalyn Duffin, Arnaud Chambellan","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00342-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00342-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>Section snippets</h2><section><section><h2>Two late 18th century manuscripts</h2>Both of the manuscripts we feature here were written by students hearing the lectures of famous authors, but whose advice on thoracentesis is previously unknown. They are fascinating not only for expanding our understanding of these two important figures but because they provide precise descriptions of the site and technique of thoracic drainage just before auscultation, which would provide the means for locating the pathological change. Student lecture notes could have served as a sort of</section></section><section><section><h2>Discussion</h2>This Spotlight suggests that until the 18th century, doctors carried out thoracentesis largely in accordance with Hippocrates' recommendations to make the incision low in the chest. The question arose as to whether the approach should be anterior or posterior. We can see that at least two reputed doctors with considerable anatomical knowledge, Astruc and Bichat, raised the question of the drainage technique, with particular reference to the surgical approach. Astruc went further in describing</section></section>","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asthma remission: a call for a globally standardised definition","authors":"Marek Lommatzsch, J Christian Virchow","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00304-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00304-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142609802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing tuberculosis before the onset of symptoms","authors":"Dennis Falzon, Cecily Miller, Irwin Law, Katherine Floyd, Nimalan Arinaminpathy, Matteo Zignol, Tereza Kasaeva","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00372-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(24)00372-2","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142598522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Top ten research priorities for sepsis research: UK James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership.","authors":"Joanne McPeake, Mark Oakes, Colin Graham, Nahid Ahmad, Nazir Lone, Bronwen Connolly","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00298-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00298-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e68-e69"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142300412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compassionate use trials and equitable access to variant-specific treatment for cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Katherine Odem-Davis, Jennifer L Taylor-Cousar","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00243-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00243-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"842-844"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-CTLA-4 in non-small-cell lung cancer: insights from the NIPPON study.","authors":"Molly S C Li, Stephanie P L Saw, Alfredo Addeo","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00218-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00218-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"840-842"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easing the stress of chronic cough.","authors":"Marta Dąbrowska, Lorcan McGarvey","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00254-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"838-839"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of gefapixant in women with chronic cough and cough-induced stress urinary incontinence: a phase 3b, randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","authors":"Surinder S Birring, Linda Cardozo, Roger Dmochowski, Peter Dicpinigaitis, Amna Afzal, Carmen La Rosa, Susan Lu, Allison Martin Nguyen, Ruji Yao, Paul A Reyfman","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00222-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00222-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Approximately two-thirds of women with chronic cough have cough-induced stress urinary incontinence (CSUI). We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gefapixant in reducing CSUI episodes in women with refractory or unexplained chronic cough.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This phase 3b, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial done at 90 sites in 12 countries enrolled women aged 18 years or older who had chronic cough for at least 1 year, a diagnosis of refractory or unexplained chronic cough, a cough severity visual analogue scale score of 40 mm or more (100 mm maximum), and CSUI for 3 months or more. Participants were randomised 1:1 to oral gefapixant or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was percentage change from baseline in daily CSUI episodes (7-day average) at week 12. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04193176).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>From May 10, 2020, to Sept 2, 2022, 375 participants were randomised to and treated with gefapixant 45 mg twice daily (n=185) or placebo (n=190). Mean age was 56·4 years (SD 11·4), with mean chronic cough duration of 5·2 years (SD 6·6) and SUI duration of 4·0 years (SD 5·9). Least-squares mean percentage change from baseline in daily CSUI episodes was -52·8% (95% CI -58·4 to -47·1%) for gefapixant and -41·1% (-46·7 to -35·4%) for placebo (estimated treatment difference: -11·7% [95% CI -19·7 to -3·7]; p=0·004). 129 (70%) of 185 participants who received gefapixant and 71 (37%) of 190 participants who received placebo had at least one adverse event. Safety and tolerability were consistent with previous trials of gefapixant; the most frequent adverse events were taste related.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Gefapixant 45 mg twice daily is the first treatment to show efficacy versus placebo in reducing CSUI episodes in participants with refractory or unexplained chronic cough.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Merck Sharp & Dohme, a subsidiary of Merck & Co.</p>","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"855-864"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal dyspnoea at the Palace of Versailles.","authors":"Emmanuel Drouin, Serge Wasersztrum, Arnaud Chambellan","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00270-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00270-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"852-854"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking bronchiectasis as an inflammatory disease.","authors":"Merete B Long, Sanjay H Chotirmall, Michal Shteinberg, James D Chalmers","doi":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00176-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2213-2600(24)00176-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchiectasis is understood to be the result of a complex interaction between infection, impaired mucociliary clearance, inflammation, and lung damage. Current therapeutic approaches to bronchiectasis are heavily focused on management of infection along with enhancing mucus clearance. Long-term antibiotics have had limited success in clinical trials, suggesting a need to re-evaluate the concept of bronchiectasis as an infective disorder. We invoke the example of asthma, for which treatment paradigms shifted away from targeting smooth muscle constriction, towards permanently suppressing airway inflammation, reducing risk and ultimately inducing remission with precision anti-inflammatory treatments. In this Review, we argue that bronchiectasis is primarily a chronic inflammatory disease, requiring early identification of at-risk individuals, and we introduce a novel concept of disease activity with important implications for clinical practice and future research. A new generation of novel anti-inflammatory treatments are under development and repurposing of anti-inflammatory agents from other diseases could revolutionise patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"901-914"},"PeriodicalIF":38.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}