Lancet Respiratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Onradivir: a novel influenza polymerase inhibitor","authors":"Jingya Li, Yeming Wang, Bin Cao","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00128-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00128-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of onradivir in adults with acute uncomplicated influenza A infection in China: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled and oseltamivir-controlled, phase 3 trial","authors":"Zifeng Yang, Yangqing Zhan, Zhengtu Li, Zhengshi Lin, Zhonghao Fang, Haijun Li, Xiaolin Chen, Banghan Ding, Huiqing Zeng, Xiuwei Zhang, Yudi Song, Zejun Lin, Shiwei Liang, Jincan Luo, Jufang Huang, Xiaoxin Chen, Nanshan Zhong","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00046-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00046-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Onradivir (ZSP1273) is a potent inhibitor of the PB2 subunit of influenza A virus (IAV) polymerase. Our previous, phase 2 clinical trial showed that a 600 mg regimen of onradivir initiated within 48 h of symptom onset can expedite the recovery of adult patients from acute, uncomplicated influenza. Here, we aimed to evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of onradivir in a larger group with acute, uncomplicated influenza.<h3>Methods</h3>This randomised, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled and oseltamivir-controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted at 68 clinical sites in China. Eligible participants were adults (aged 18–64 years) with an influenza-like illness who screened positive by rapid IAV antigen testing at the first clinical visit, and had a fever (axillary temperature ≥38·0°C) with at least one moderate systemic and one moderate respiratory symptom within 48 h of symptom onset. Patients were randomly assigned into three treatment groups, stratified by influenza symptom scores (≤11 or ≥12), in a 2:1:1 ratio by an interactive web response system, with each treatment lasting 5 days: 600 mg oral onradivir tablets once daily, 75 mg oral oseltamivir phosphate capsules twice daily, or oral placebo. The primary outcome was the efficacy of onradivir versus placebo in the time to alleviation of symptoms (TTAS), from treatment initiation to the remission of influenza symptoms, in the intention-to-treat infection (ITTI) population (ie, all participants who were randomly assigned and tested positive for IAV). The safety endpoints were the frequency and severity of adverse events in all participants who received treatment at least once. This trial is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span> (<span><span>NCT04683406</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>) and is completed. This clinical trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China (EC-2020-080[YW]-02).<h3>Findings</h3>Between May 12, 2022, and May 16, 2023, 943 patients were screened, of whom 750 met the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to a group. 48 had negative IAV tests, resulting in an ITTI population of 702 participants (413 [59%] men and 289 [41%] women; mean age 28·1 years [SD 9·7]): 349 in the onradivir group, 177 in the oseltamivir group, and 176 in the placebo group. The baseline viral load (mean 5·15 log<sub>10</sub> copies per mL [SD 1·02]) and the total score of seven influenza symptoms at enrolment were similarly distributed among the groups. The median TTAS in the onradivir group was","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144237198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is adequate preoxygenation? – Authors' reply","authors":"Shane George, Tara Williams","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00166-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00166-3","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for refractory cardiac arrest","authors":"Alexander Supady, Jan Bělohlávek, Alain Combes, Alice Hutin, Roberto Lorusso, Graeme MacLaren, Ingrid Magnet, Marcel van de Poll, Susanna Price, Dawid L Staudacher, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Demetri Yannopoulos, Daniel Brodie","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00122-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00122-5","url":null,"abstract":"When conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) cannot restore spontaneous circulation, the initiation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during refractory cardiac arrest—known as extracorporeal CPR (ECPR)—might restore circulation and adequate tissue oxygenation. ECPR could substantially improve survival with favourable functional recovery. However, the complexity and time-sensitive nature of the intervention, high costs, resource demands, considerable risks, and complications restrict the availability of ECPR. Patient age and comorbidities, timely and effective CCPR, and time-to-ECPR are major contributors to the outcome of patients. The primary goal of ECPR is full recovery of the patient, but in some cases, transition to a long-term ventricular assist device or heart transplantation can be additional options for survival. In patients diagnosed with brain death or, according to local regulation, in those with irreversible post-anoxic brain damage, organ donation is possible after ECPR. Ongoing research aims to assess the efficacy of ECPR versus continued CCPR and uncover key prognostic indicators.","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is adequate preoxygenation?","authors":"Nirvik Pal, Bryant W Tran","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00167-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00167-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arrival of biosimilars in respiratory medicine: towards improved access to biologics for patients","authors":"Job F M van Boven, Fernando de Mora, Giorgio W Canonica, Peter G M Mol, Arnold G Vulto","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00163-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00163-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persisting CD19.CAR-T cells in combination with nintedanib: clinical response in a patient with systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary fibrosis after 2 years","authors":"Wolfgang Merkt, Manuel Röhrich, Eleni Mavriopoulou, Ayla Nadja Stütz, Jörg H W Distler, Anita Schmitt, Markus Polke, Claus Peter Heußel, Michael Schmitt, Hanns-Martin Lorenz","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00159-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00159-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>Section snippets</h2><section><section><h2>Contributors</h2>WM and H-ML oversaw the project; MR and EM were involved with FAPI-PET/CT, including graphs; CPH was involved with CT-imaging, including graphs; WM, H-ML, AS, JHWD, and MP were responsible for clinical data interpretation; WM, MS, AS, H-ML, and MP cared for the patient; WM was responsible for data handling; WM and ANS wrote the manuscript; and all authors critically reviewed the manuscript and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. We thank all staff of the</section></section><section><section><h2>Declaration of interests</h2>WM has received grants or contracts from the German Society of Internal Medicine (DGIM), ArgenX, Kyverna, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Boehringer Ingelheim, Evotec, and Bristol Myers Squibb; consulting fees and payment or honoraria for lectures and presentations from Eli Lilly, Galapagos, and Boehringer Ingelheim; support for attending meetings, travel, or both from Kyverna, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, and Boehringer Ingelheim; has patents planned with Evotec and Bristol Myers Squibb; has participated on an</section></section>","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Myanmar's earthquake on respiratory health","authors":"Sanjeet Bagcchi","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00173-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00173-0","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sepsis in patients who are immunocompromised: diagnostic challenges and future therapies","authors":"Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer, Benjamin G Chousterman, Joerg C Schefold, Stefanie B Flohé, Tomasz Skirecki, Matthijs Kox, Martin S Winkler, Andrea Cossarizza, W Joost Wiersinga, Tom van der Poll, Markus A Weigand, Sara Cajander, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Gunnar Lachmann, Massimo Girardis, Brendon P Scicluna, Ricard Ferrer, Didier Payen, Sebastian Weis, Antoni Torres, Hjalmar R Bouma","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00124-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00124-9","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is a life-threatening, dysregulated host response to infection. Immunosuppression is a risk factor for infections and sepsis. However, the specific immune derangements elevating the risk for infections and sepsis remain unclear in the individual patient, raising the question of whether a general state of immunosuppression exists. In this Review, we explore the relationship between immunosuppression and sepsis, detailing the definitions, causes, and clinical implications. We address the effect of primary immunodeficiencies, acquired conditions, and drugs on the risk of infection and the development of sepsis. Patients with sepsis who are immunocompromised often present with atypical symptoms and diagnostic test results can differ, making early recognition difficult. Future perspectives entail novel biomarkers to improve early sepsis detection and tailored treatments to modulate immune function. Including patients who are immunocompromised in clinical trials is crucial to enhance the relevance of research findings and improve treatment strategies for this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144103934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Everything is Tuberculosis | Everything is Tuberculosis John Green Ebury Press pp 208 ISBN 9781529961423","authors":"Talha Burki","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00171-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00171-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}