Lancet Respiratory Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Limertinib for EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC treatment","authors":"Yang Xia, Molly Siu Ching Li","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00169-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00169-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of limertinib versus gefitinib as first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with EGFR-sensitising mutation: a randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 trial","authors":"Yuankai Shi, Lin Wu, Yinghua Ji, Gongyan Chen, Baolan Li, Minghong Bi, Runxiang Yang, Liyun Miao, Guojun Zhang, Hongjun Gao, Longhua Sun, Mingjun Zhang, Shundong Cang, Meili Sun, Wenxiu Yao, Zhijie Pan, Jiuwei Cui, Yi Xiao, Qiming Wang, Xuyu Wei","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00121-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00121-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Limertinib is a new third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This study aimed to prospectively assess the efficacy and safety of limertinib versus gefitinib as a first-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with <em>EGFR</em>-sensitising mutation.<h3>Methods</h3>This multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, phase 3 trial was done at 56 hospitals in China. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with <em>EGFR</em>-sensitising mutation (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation) detected in tumour tissue samples using the Cobas EGFR Mutation Test at a central laboratory. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive oral limertinib 80 mg twice a day and gefitinib-matching placebo 250 mg once a day or oral gefitinib 250 mg once a day plus limertinib-matching placebo 80 mg twice a day in 21-day cycles, until disease progression or other discontinuation criteria was met. Random assignment was stratified according to <em>EGFR</em> mutation type (exon 19 deletion or exon 21 L858R mutation) and CNS metastasis (yes or no) using permuted blocks (block size four) through an interactive web-based response system. The primary endpoint was independent central review (ICR)-assessed progression-free survival. All enrolled patients who received at least one dose of study treatment were included in the full analysis set for efficacy analysis. All enrolled patients who received at least one dose of study treatment and one safety assessment were included in the safety set. This study is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT04143607</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>, and follow-up is ongoing.<h3>Findings</h3>Between June 30, 2021, and Sept 22, 2022, 337 patients were enrolled and 168 were randomly assigned to the limertinib group and 169 to the gefitinib group. Patients' median age was 63 years (34–82). 214 (64%) of 337 patients were female and 123 (36%) were male. The median masked ICR-assessed progression-free survival was 20·7 months (95% CI 15·2–22·1) in the limertinib group and 9·7 months (95% CI 8·3–11·1) in the gefitinib group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·44 [95% CI 0·34–0·58]; p<0·0001). Treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or worse occurred in 42 (25%) of 168 patients in the limertinib group and 42 (25%) of 169 patients in the gefitinib group. Treatment-related serious adverse events occurred in nine (5%) patients and 17 (10%) patients in each group, respectively. Six (4%) patients in th","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI as a tool to repurpose existing compounds for respiratory indications","authors":"Philip G Bardin, Belinda J Thomas, Jane E Bourke","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00192-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00192-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Indonesia: challenges and future directions","authors":"Antonia Morita Iswari Saktiawati, Ari Probandari","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00168-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00168-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there good evidence of mortality benefits from positive airway pressure? – Authors' reply","authors":"Adam V Benjafield, Jean-Louis Pepin, Peter A Cistulli, Atul Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00201-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00201-2","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there good evidence of mortality benefits from positive airway pressure?","authors":"Craig L Phillips, Nathaniel S Marshall, Sanjay R Patel, Kelly Loffler, Manuel Sanchez-de-la-Torre, Yuksel Peker, Brendon J Yee, Ferran Barbe, Daniel J Gottlieb, Doug McEvoy, Craig S Anderson, Ron R Grunstein","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00202-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00202-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The carbon footprint of inhaled medications in Australia","authors":"Priya Venkatesan","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00200-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00200-0","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First results from the international paediatric bronchiectasis registry (Child-BEAR-Net Registry) describing multicountry variations in childhood bronchiectasis and its management: a multicentre, cross-sectional study","authors":"Laura Garriga-Grimau, Ahmad Kantar, Keith Grimwood, Charl Verwey, Refiloe Masekela, Diane Gray, Ameena Goga, Bulent Karadag, Ela Erdem Eralp, Yasemin Gokdemir, Konstantinos Douros, Dafni Moriki, Elpiniki Kartsiouni, Antonio Moreno-Galdó, Laura Petrarca, Fabio Midulla, Maria Elisa Di Cicco, Oleksandr Mazulov, Sonila Boriçi, Jeanette Boyd, Efthymia Alexopoulou","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00089-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00089-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Despite increasing recognition of bronchiectasis worldwide, there are no multicountry data characterising bronchiectasis in children. We aimed to describe clinical features, comparing inter-country and regional variations, and describe indices of overall quality-of-care standards assessed against international consensus statements for children and young people with bronchiectasis.<h3>Methods</h3>Child-BEAR-Net is an international collaborative paediatric bronchiectasis network across several continents. Using our International Paediatric Bronchiectasis Registry data from secondary and tertiary hospitals across eight countries, we conducted a multicentre, cross-sectional cohort study of all patients in the registry younger than 18 years diagnosed with bronchiectasis. Data were grouped into four geographical regions: Australia, South Africa, Greece–Italy–Spain, and Albania–Türkiye–Ukraine. Patients with cystic fibrosis or a history of heart or lung transplantation were excluded. We assessed baseline clinical characteristics, causes, treatments, and quality-of-care indicators, and compared findings across regions. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests for between-group comparisons.<h3>Findings</h3>Between June 1, 2020, and Feb 9, 2024, 408 patients were enrolled (median age at diagnosis 6·0 years [IQR 3·2–9·0]; 229 (56%) male and 179 (44%) female patients). The most common underlying causes were post-infection (127 [31%]), primary and secondary immunodeficiencies (79 [19%]), and known genetic disorders (55 [13%]). Common comorbidities included asthma (70 [17%]), otorhinolaryngeal disorders (58 [14%]), and congenital major airway malformation (51 [13%]). In the previous 12 months, 106 (38%) had at least three exacerbations and 89 (49%) required hospitalisation at least once. 107 (27%) of 400 reported daily sputum. Lung function was normal in 133 (59%) of 227 patients but with considerable between-group differences (median forced vital capacity Z score ranged from –0·12 [–0·95 to 0·65] in Australia to –1·54 [–3·39 to –0·04] in South Africa). We found marked inter-group differences in lower airway bacteria (<em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> in 56 [70%] of 80 patients in Australia to three [16%] of 19 in Albania–Türkiye–Ukraine; <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> in eight [24%] of 34 in South Africa to one [5%] in Albania–Türkiye–Ukraine), treatment (long-term azithromycin for 47 [50%] of 94 in Greece–Italy–Spain to 15 [19%] of 79 in Albania–Türkiye–Ukraine; and inhaled corticosteroids for 48 [61%] in Albania–Türkiye–Ukraine to 28 [22%] of 126 in Australia), and radiographic markers (cystic bronchiectasis in 49 [45%] of 109 in South Africa to three [2%] of 126 in Australia [p<0·0001]). In quality-of-care standard markers, the recommended panel of investigations was done in 66–95% of patients; only 78 (47%) of 167 saw a paediatric physiotherapist in the previous 12 months.<h3>Interpretation</h3>Our stud","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The power of paediatric bronchiectasis health registries","authors":"Catherine A Byrnes","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00211-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00211-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144305457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why it's more than “just a cough”","authors":"Peter Ranscombe","doi":"10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00199-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(25)00199-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":51307,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Respiratory Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":76.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}