Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Abstracts of the 14th C1-inhibitor Deficiency and Angioedema Workshop: part 2.","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01017-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-026-01017-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":"22 Suppl 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149229338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vespula spp. venom immunotherapy: basophil excitability and Fc_εRI/Fc_γRIIb expression.","authors":"Janik Fleissner, Johanna Stoevesandt, Matthias Goebeler, Axel Trautmann, Andreas Kerstan","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01062-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01062-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Basophils are recognized as important effector cells during the sensitization and effector phases of IgE-mediated allergy. Besides histamine release during anaphylaxis, basophils contribute to early immune polarization as an important source of Th2-associated cytokines. Vespula spp. venom immunotherapy (VIT) represents a prime example of clinically highly effective allergen-specific immunotherapy. This study investigated functional and phenotypic changes in circulating basophils during early VIT in a homogenous case series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four patients eligible for VIT were examined before treatment, after 3 days, and after 1 month of therapy. Basophils were primed with interleukin-(IL-)3 and stimulated with IgE-dependent triggers, including Vespula spp. venom and an anti-IgE antibody, as well as the IgE-independent bacterial peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Basophil activation was assessed by flow cytometric measurement of CD63 expression. In parallel, Fc_εRI and Fc_γRIIb receptor expression on basophils was quantified, and serum levels of total IgE, Vespula spp. venom-specific IgE, and venom-specific IgG₄ were measured. Changes over time were tested using a mixed-effects model for repeated measures. Paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Friedman tests were used for paired comparisons and non-parametric repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After one month of VIT, venom-specific basophil excitability was significantly reduced. In contrast, activation by anti-IgE and fMLP remained largely unchanged. An increase of both Fc_εRI and Fc_γRIIb expression on basophils was already detectable at day 3 after starting VIT and reached statistical significance at day 28. Serologically, total IgE and Vespula spp. venom-specific IgE slightly rose during VIT, but the most pronounced increase was observed for venom-specific IgG₄.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data of this study suggest that upregulation of Fc_γRIIb together with venom-specific IgG₄ induction drives venom-specific basophil suppression, possibly by Fc_γRIIb-Fc_εRI co-aggregation. The overall picture of venom-specific basophil activation, basophil Fc_γRIIb expression, and serum IgG₄ may serve as a biomarker of immune modulation towards tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149076584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Would the number of new cases of hereditary angioedema decrease due to declining fertility rates?","authors":"Lauren Wong, Harold Kim, Mark Kuprowski","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01056-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01056-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, potentially life-threatening disorder caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the SERPING1 gene, leading to deficiency or dysfunction of C1 esterase inhibitor. Recent estimates of global HAE prevalence are 1.22 per 100,000 individuals. With total fertility rates (TFRs) decreasing worldwide, several developed countries are now well below the population replacement rate in an \"ultra-low fertility\" group. With the decrease in fertility, how rare diseases are approached should be re-examined. In this letter, we describe how continued and sustained declines in total fertility rate and population may influence the future number of new HAE cases. We also address disease-specific factors that may further influence future case count, including reproductive hesitancy related to autosomal dominant inheritance, estrogen-associated exacerbation of angioedema attacks, and potential fertility effects of complement dysregulation. These demographic considerations are relevant to clinicians, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies involved in HAE care. Better characterizing population changes in the context of reduced fertility rates may help inform long-term clinical planning and the development of novel therapies for HAE and other rare diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing conversations on treatment management in hereditary angioedema: healthcare professional and patient perspectives on long-term prophylaxis and shared decision-making.","authors":"Markus Magerl, Emel Aygören-Pürsün, Jens Greve, Andreas Recke, Petra Staubach-Renz, Inmaculada Martinez-Saguer, Lucia Schauf, Diane Langenbacher, Danielle Christmas, Tamara Ray, Sven Pohl","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01049-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01049-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary angioedema (HAE), characterized by unpredictable attacks of subcutaneous or submucosal edema, can significantly impact patient quality of life (QoL). Despite advances in long-term prophylaxis (LTP), achieving complete control of HAE is challenging, making shared decision-making (SDM) critical for tailored HAE management. This investigation explores the dynamics of healthcare professional (HCP)-patient conversations concerning HAE management, and identifies barriers to SDM, LTP initiation and strategies that may overcome these to optimize patient QoL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The investigation was conducted in Germany. HCPs managing patients with HAE participated in 60 min interviews and led simulated patient consultations. 30 min interviews with patients with HAE were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten HCPs and eight patients with HAE were interviewed. In the simulated consultations, most HCPs recommended LTP based on high attack frequency and substantial impact on QoL. Interviews revealed that HCPs typically initiate discussions on LTP by assessing disease burden, focusing on attack frequency and QoL. These treatment discussions also highlighted the need for improved communication with patients about the LTP treatments that are available to them. However, many HCPs lacked awareness of updated treatment guidelines and faced challenges in reassuring patients about the long-term safety and efficacy of newer LTP options. All patients who were initiated on LTP experienced positive results, including improved QoL and reduced fear of attacks. Those who declined LTP cited low attack frequency on their acute treatment and concerns about burden of treatment and long-term effects. Key barriers to effective SDM included time constraints during routine consultations, absence of clear SDM guidance, and a lack of jargon-free information to foster proactive patient engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research highlights opportunities to enhance HCP-patient conversations concerning the management of HAE. Inconsistencies between positive patient experiences with LTP and real-world prescription rates emphasize the need for improved SDM practices. Enhancing HCP awareness of patient perspectives, managing time constraints in consultations, and providing unbiased, patient-friendly information may help bridge these gaps and improve communication and ultimately patient QoL. The findings underscore the importance of further research to develop guidelines that prioritize SDM and patient empowerment in HAE management.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a quality of life scale for pediatric mastocytosis.","authors":"Aslı Berivan Topçak, Ece Tüsüz Önata, Şeyma Genç, Sefika Ilknur Kökcü Karadag, Nilay Çalışkan, Güler Yıldırım, Hamit Boloğur, Hilal Güngör, Merve Karaca Şahin, Muhammed Fatih Erbay, Hasan Tunç Şarman, Özlem Terzi, Emek Kocatürk, Frank Siebenhaar, Öner Özdemir, Deniz Özçeker","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01051-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01051-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mastocytosis imposes a considerable burden on patients' quality of life. While validated QoL instruments are available for adults with systemic mastocytosis, no disease-specific quality-of-life measure has yet been developed for pediatric populations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and validate two disease-specific quality of life instruments-the Pediatric Mastocytosis Quality of Life (PedMQLS) and the Pediatric Mastocytosis Quality of Life-Parent (PedParentMQLS) scales-for use in pediatric mastocytosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 51 children and their parents were recruited from two specialized tertiary centers in Turkey. Scale items were generated based on expert opinion and literature review. Content validity was evaluated using the Davis method, and construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha, and convergent validity was examined by correlating results with established dermatology-specific quality of life instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both scales consisted of 14 items and revealed a two-factor structure covering social and emotional domains. Pediatric Mastocytosis Quality of Life-Parent Scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.909), while the Pediatric Mastocytosis Quality of Life Scale demonstrated acceptable reliability (α = 0.785). Significant correlations with comparable instruments supported the scales' convergent validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These newly developed scales are the first validated quality of life instruments specific for pediatric mastocytosis. This study is preliminary; validation through multicenter studies with larger sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effectiveness of mepolizumab and omalizumab in patients eligible for both: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Tatsuya Nagai, Naoki Inoshima, Hiroki Matsui, Norihiko Kubota, Yoshihiro Funaki, Ayumu Otsuki, Hiroyuki Ito, Kei Nakashima","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01055-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01055-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Omalizumab and mepolizumab are effective biologic therapies for severe asthma. However, their comparative effectiveness in patients eligible for both treatments remains unclear in routine care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the real-world effectiveness of mepolizumab and omalizumab in these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included patients with asthma who were treated with omalizumab or mepolizumab. Eligible patients had a blood eosinophil count ≥ 150 cells/μL (or ≥ 300 cells/μL within the prior year), total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) ≥ 30 IU/mL, and sensitization to a perennial inhalant allergen. The primary endpoint was the adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for asthma exacerbation during the first year of treatment. Secondary endpoints were IRRs for emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations, subgroup IRRs stratified by baseline eosinophil count (< 300 cells/μL vs. ≥ 300 cells/μL), and change in oral corticosteroid (OCS) dose. Poisson regression models were adjusted for BMI, eosinophil count, and prior-year exacerbations; ER and hospitalization models additionally adjusted for prior ER visits and hospitalizations. Follow-up time was accounted for via an offset term.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 49 patients (omalizumab, n = 25; mepolizumab, n = 24). Mepolizumab significantly reduced asthma exacerbations compared with omalizumab (IRR, 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19-0.69). In the subgroup analyses, this effect was significant in patients with baseline eosinophil counts < 300 cells/μL (IRR, 0.38; 95% CI 0.14-0.88) but not in those with baseline eosinophil counts ≥ 300 cells/μL (IRR, 0.47; 95% CI 0.15-1.35). There were no significant between-group differences in the number of ER visits or hospitalizations. The OCS dose was reduced in both groups, with no significant between-group difference in the mean dose reduction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients eligible for both therapies, mepolizumab reduced clinically significant exacerbations more than omalizumab in real-world practice. Although ER visits, hospitalizations, and OCS-sparing were comparable, these findings may help inform biologic selection when exacerbation reduction is prioritized but require confirmation in larger multicenter studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of the tree sublingual immunotherapy tablet in the subpopulation of Canadian children with allergic rhinitis and/or conjunctivitis: phase III trial results.","authors":"Rémi Gagnon, Terrie Dalgaard, Gry Schermann Ortving, Monika Gappa, Hendrik Nolte","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01054-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01054-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pollen from birch and other trees in the birch homologous group (e.g., oak) is a common trigger of allergic rhinitis and/or conjunctivitis (AR/C) in Canada. The efficacy and safety of the tree sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT)-tablet in children with AR/C was evaluated post hoc in the Canadian subpopulation of a phase III, double-blind trial (EudraCT2020-004372-17).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children and adolescents aged 5-17 years with moderate-to-severe tree AR/C were randomized to either daily tree SLIT-tablet or placebo for up to 52 weeks. Participants had free access to symptom-relieving medication. The primary endpoint was the average total combined score (TCS; sum of rhinoconjunctivitis daily symptom score [DSS] and daily medication score [DMS]) during birch pollen season (BPS). Average TCS during tree pollen season (TPS, consisting of birch, alder, hazel, and oak pollen seasons), oak pollen season (OPS), and pure OPS (excluding days from birch, alder, or hazel pollen seasons) were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Canadian subpopulation (n = 87), treatment with the tree SLIT-tablet reduced the average TCS by 26.8% versus placebo during BPS (absolute difference [95% CI] = 1.89 [-0.71, 4.49], p = 0.138), 32.0% during TPS (absolute difference = 2.14 [-0.03, 4.32], p = 0.042), 46.6% during OPS (absolute difference = 3.70 [0.98, 6.42], p = 0.004), and 50.6% during pure OPS (absolute difference = 4.20 [1.12, 7.27], p = 0.005). Reductions in DSS and DMS with tree SLIT-tablet versus placebo were also observed. In the total trial population (N = 952), tree SLIT-tablet treatment reduced the average TCS by 19.2% versus placebo during BPS (absolute difference = 1.13 [0.42, 1.84], p = 0.002), 16.8% during TPS (absolute difference = 0.76 [0.26, 1.26], p = 0.003), 23.4% during OPS (absolute difference = 1.32 [0.60, 2.05], p < 0.001), and 19.9% during pure OPS (absolute difference = 1.03 [0.27, 1.80], p = 0.009). The tree SLIT-tablet was well tolerated in the total trial and Canadian subgroup populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tree SLIT-tablet demonstrated favorable efficacy and was well tolerated in Canadian children and adolescents with AR/C.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>EudraCT 2020-004372-17 and NCT04878354.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 abstracts from the 80th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01031-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01031-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":"22 Suppl 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13352595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148426262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authorship gender diversity in Allergy and Immunology: analysis of articles published in the Canadian journal of Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology.","authors":"Natalie DeGurse, Ranya Al Jumaily, M Elise Graham, Samira Jeimy","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01053-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-026-01053-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender diversity in authorship enhances the inclusivity and breadth of perspectives in medical research, yet disparities persist across many disciplines, including allergy and immunology. In Canada, women represent the majority of the allergy and immunology workforce, yet it remains unclear whether this is reflected in authorship and academic leadership.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines trends in gender diversity among authors in Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology (AACI), focusing on first, last, and single-author roles, and explores collaborative trends among women authors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metadata for AACI articles published from 2011 to 2023 were retrieved using the Web of Science database. Author gender was predicted using the genderize.io tool, supplemented by manual verification for ambiguous cases. Articles with undetermined gender were excluded. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were employed to identify trends and associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 929 articles, 891 with 5,541 authors were included. Women represented 43.4% of all authors. By role, women comprised 50.8% of first authors, 33.8% of last authors, and 29.4% of single authors. The proportion of women-women first and last author pairs increased significantly from 4.8% in 2011 to 26.9% in 2023 (p = 0.03). Articles with women as last authors were more likely to feature women as first authors (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.10-1.93, p = 0.009).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although there have been positive trends toward gender parity in AACI authorship, disparities persist, particularly in leadership roles and specific article types. Continued efforts are required to foster equitable representation in allergy and immunology research.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The acuity of paediatric asthma in the emergency department worsened after the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta, Canada.","authors":"Behzad Heibati, Amanpreet Gill, Jalal Moolji, Adil Adatia","doi":"10.1186/s13223-026-01045-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13223-026-01045-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma affects about 13% of Canadian children and is a common reason for emergency department (ED) visits or hospitalization. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the health care utilisation of children with asthma. The aim of this study was to investigate how paediatric ED visits were influenced by the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study examining asthma ED visits, admission rates, and presentation acuity for children 2 to 17-years-old from 2011 to 2024. Presentation acuity was determined using Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS). Data were collected from the Government of Alberta Interactive Health Data Application and the Alberta Health Services aggregated administrative database. Data were analysed graphically. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis of monthly ED visits and admissions, with March 2020 as the intervention point.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean daily incidence of ED visits remained at 5-10 per million per year for ages 2-12 years, and under 5 per million per year for ages 13-17 years, except for a transient interruption in the early pandemic, in 2020. Following this interruption, the pre-existing trend to worsening acuity and greater rates of hospitalization accelerated in the late pandemic. The acuity and hospitalization rates have remained elevated in the post-pandemic years. Emergency medical services (EMS) visits increased substantially across paediatric subgroups in 2024, ranging from 1.53× to 2.26× higher among children aged 2-12 years compared with pre-pandemic levels. ITS analysis showed a significant immediate decrease in ED visits and admissions, followed by a positive post-intervention slope, indicating gradual recovery over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-existing trends in paediatric asthma exacerbations worsened in the years following 2020. Although the incidence of ED visits did not substantially increase, children were more likely to have severe exacerbations and require hospitalization in the late pandemic and post-pandemic years relative to pre-pandemic years.</p>","PeriodicalId":51302,"journal":{"name":"Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148400000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}