{"title":"The relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index and cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia.","authors":"Sheng-Han Wang, Hang Yin, Shan-Shan Zhou","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The correlation between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and the prognosis of patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia has not been studied. This study aims to explore the relationship between GNRI and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality rates in elderly patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 4756 patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia from five cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We used multivariable Cox regression and subgroup analyses to investigate the correlation between GNRI and mortality rates. The restricted cubic spline analysis was used to assess the dose-response relationship between GNRI and mortality risk. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating effect of chronic kidney disease on the relationship between nutritional risk and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up period of 114 months, a total of 1241 deaths (26.09%) occurred, including 300 deaths due to CVD (6.31%). In the fully adjusted Model 3, compared to the no-risk group, the risk group showed significantly increased all-cause mortality risk (HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.74-2.40) and CVD mortality risk (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.30-2.71). The restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a non-linear association between GNRI and all-cause mortality risk as well as CVD mortality risk. The mediation analysis results indicated that chronic kidney disease mediates 16.9% of the effect of nutritional risk on all-cause mortality and 25.3% on CVD mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GNRI can serve as a predictive factor for all-cause and CVD mortality rates in elderly patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 4","pages":"443-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical implication of post-angioplasty quantitative flow ratio in the patients with coronary artery de novo lesions underwent drug-coated balloons treatment.","authors":"Yun-Hui Zhu, Xu-Lin Hong, Tian-Li Hu, Qian-Qian Bian, Yu-Fei Chen, Tian-Ping Zhou, Jing Li, Guo-Sheng Fu, Wen-Bin Zhang","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) holds significant value in guiding drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment and enhancing outcomes. However, the predictive capability of post-angioplasty QFR for long-term clinical events in patients with de novo lesions who receive DCB treatment remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to explore the potential significance of post-angioplasty QFR measurements in predicting clinical outcomes in patients underwent DCB treatment for de novo lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent DCB-only intervention for de novo lesions were enrolled. QFR was conducted after DCB treatment. The patients were then categorized based on post-angioplasty QFR. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), encompassing all-cause death, cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and target vessel revascularization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 553 patients with 561 lesions were included. The median follow-up period was 505 days, during which 66 (11.8%) MACEs occurred. Based on post-procedural QFR grouping, there were 259 cases in the high QFR group (QFR > 0.93) and 302 cases in the low QFR group (QFR ≤ 0.93). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher cumulative incidence of MACE in the low QFR group (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.004). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between QFR and the occurrence of MACEs (HR = 0.522, 95%CI: 0.289-0.942, <i>P</i> = 0.031). Landmark analysis indicated that high QFR had a significant reducing effect on the cumulative incidence of MACEs within 1 year (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.016) and 1-5 years (log-rank <i>P</i> = 0.026).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients who underwent DCB-only treatment for de novo lesions, higher post-procedural QFR values (> 0.93) were identified as an independent protective factor against adverse prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"332-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between glycated hemoglobin and cognitive impairment in older adults with coronary heart disease: a multicenter prospective cohort Study.","authors":"Wen Zheng, Qin-Jie Xin, Xiao-Xia Wang, Sheng Li, Xiao Wang, Shao-Ping Nie","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and cognitive impairment in older adults with coronary heart disease (CHD) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study used a prospective cohort study design and included 3244 participants aged ≥ 65 years in Beijing, China. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess cognitive function. Serum HbA1c was detected at admission. All patients were divided into high HbA1c group (≥ 6.5 mmol/L) and low HbA1c group (< 6.5 mmol/L) based on their HbA1c levels. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between HbA1c and cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study of 3244 participants, 1201 (37.0%) patients were in high HbA1c group and 2045 (63.0%) patients were in a state of cognitive impairment. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that HbA1c was an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment regardless of whether the HbA1c was a continuous or categorical variable (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40, <i>P</i> < 0.001; OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.41-2.26, <i>P</i> ≤ 0.001, respectively). The restricted cubic spline curve exhibited that the relationship between the HbA1c and cognitive impairment was linear (p for non-linear = 0.323, <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated levels of HbA1c were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in older patients with CHD. These insights could be used to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of cognitive screening in these patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"381-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen-Hua Lei, Jia-Liang Zhang, Yan-Biao Liao, Yan Wang, Fei Xu, Yao-Yu Zhang, Yanjiani Xu, Jing Zhou, Fang-Yang Huang, Mao Chen
{"title":"Association between blood pressure traits, hypertension, antihypertensive drugs and calcific aortic valve stenosis: a mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Wen-Hua Lei, Jia-Liang Zhang, Yan-Biao Liao, Yan Wang, Fei Xu, Yao-Yu Zhang, Yanjiani Xu, Jing Zhou, Fang-Yang Huang, Mao Chen","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). However, the directionality of causation between blood pressure traits and aortic stenosis is unclear, as is the benefit of antihypertensive drugs for CAVS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics, we performed bidirectional two-sample univariable mendelian randomization (UVMR) to assess the causal associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) with CAVS. Multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) was conducted to evaluate the direct effect of hypertension on CAVS, adjusting for confounders. Drug target mendelian randomization (MR) and summary-level MR (SMR) were used to estimate the effects of 12 classes of antihypertensive drugs and their target genes on CAVS risk. Inverse variance weighting was the primary MR method, with sensitivity analyses to validate results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UVMR showed SBP, DBP, and PP have causal effects on CAVS, with no significant reverse causality. MVMR confirmed the causality between hypertension and CAVS after adjusting for confounders. Drug-target MR analyses indicated that calcium channel blockers (CCBs), loop diuretics, and thiazide diuretics via SBP lowering exerted protective effects on CAVS risk. SMR analysis showed that the CCBs target gene <i>CACNA2D2</i> and ARBs target gene <i>AGTR1</i> were positively associated with CAVS risk, while diuretics target genes <i>SLC12A5</i> and <i>SLC12A1</i> were negatively associated with aortic stenosis risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hypertension has a causal relationship with CAVS. Managing SBP in hypertensive patients with CCBs may prevent CAVS. ARBs might exert protective effects on CAVS independent of blood pressure reduction. The relationship between diuretics and CAVS is complex, with opposite effects through different mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"351-360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Álvarez-Zaballos, Eduardo Zatarain-Nicolás, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Patricia Muñoz, Manuel Martínez-Sellés
{"title":"Transcatheter aortic valve implantation used to treat active infective endocarditis with severe aortic regurgitation in an 88-year-old patient.","authors":"Sara Álvarez-Zaballos, Eduardo Zatarain-Nicolás, Francisco Fernández-Avilés, Patricia Muñoz, Manuel Martínez-Sellés","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"401-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhong-Chao Wang, Xiu-Min Han, Yao Zuo, Na Dong, Jian-Ming Wang, Li-Li Meng, Jia-Wang Xiao, Ming Zhao, Yuan Mi, Qi-Guang Wang
{"title":"Effects of continued use of targeted therapy on patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and complicated by hemoptysis.","authors":"Zhong-Chao Wang, Xiu-Min Han, Yao Zuo, Na Dong, Jian-Ming Wang, Li-Li Meng, Jia-Wang Xiao, Ming Zhao, Yuan Mi, Qi-Guang Wang","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"404-410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure 2024.","authors":"Shu-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past 6 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of heart failure (HF), especially in drug therapy. The classification of chronic HF and the treatment methods for HF and its complications are also constantly being updated. In order to apply these results to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with HF in China and further improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of HF in China, the HF Group of Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physician, Chinese HF Association of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology have organized an expert group and update the consensus and evidence-based treatment methods in the field of HF based on the latest clinical research findings at home and abroad, combined with the national conditions and clinical practice in China, and referring to the latest foreign HF guidelines while maintaining the basic framework of the <i>2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of HF</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"277-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to metabolic risks: a systematic analysis of Global Burden of Disease 2021.","authors":"Bo-Qing Liu, Chang Yang, Heng-Yang Wei, Zai-Xin Yu","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic heart disease (IHD) represents the most significant disease burden among all cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The increasing prevalence of metabolic risks in the 21<sup>st</sup> century has a profound impact on the disease burden associated with IHD. We analyzed the global, regional, and national burdens of IHD attributable to metabolic risks from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were taken from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. Deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), the average annual percent change (AAPC), age-standardized death rates per 100,000 persons (ASDR) and age-standardized rate per 100,000 persons (ASR) of DALYs ranging from 1990 to 2021, were extracted and stratified according to region, nationality, socio-demographic index (SDI), sex, and age. Additionally, the global future trends were predicted using Nordpred prediction model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to 1990, in 2021, the number of death and DALYs from metabolic risk-attributed IHD increased globally by 67.35% and 59.91%, respectively; whereas ASDR and ASR of DALYs showed a decreasing trend and the most severe impact was observed in male and elderly populations. In addition, the burden of disease showed an inverted V-shaped relationship with SDI from 1990 to 2021. AAPC showed a significant increase in developing countries and a decrease in developed countries. We also analyzed the effects of different risk factors including metabolic risk factors on IHD in different SDI regions and genders. The prediction of future disease burden showed that the number of death and DALYs will keep rising, while ASDR and ASR of DALYs will maintain a certain downward trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study highlighted the need for screening and intervention for metabolic risk factors in specific regions and populations, this should call for increased collaboration between developing and developed countries to reduce the burden of disease and improve the prognosis of patients with IHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"361-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhen Hu, Xin Wang, Cong-Yi Zheng, Xue Cao, Yi-Xin Tian, Run-Qing Gu, Jia-Yin Cai, Ye Tian, Zeng-Wu Wang
{"title":"Association of healthy lifestyle index and antihypertensive medication use with blood pressure control among employees with hypertension in China based on a workplace-based multicomponent intervention program.","authors":"Zhen Hu, Xin Wang, Cong-Yi Zheng, Xue Cao, Yi-Xin Tian, Run-Qing Gu, Jia-Yin Cai, Ye Tian, Zeng-Wu Wang","doi":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.26599/1671-5411.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both medication and non-medication therapies are effective approaches to control blood pressure (BP) in hypertension patients. However, the association of joint changes in antihypertensive medication use and healthy lifestyle index (HLI) with BP control among hypertension patients is seldom reported, which needs to provide more evidence by prospective intervention studies. We examined the association of antihypertensive medication use and HLI with BP control among employees with hypertension in China based on a workplace-based multicomponent intervention program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between January 2013 and December 2014, a cluster randomized clinical trial of a workplace-based multicomponent intervention program was conducted in 60 workplaces across 20 urban areas in China. Workplaces were randomly divided into intervention (<i>n</i> = 40) and control (<i>n</i> = 20) groups. Basic information on employees at each workplace was collected by trained professionals, including sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, family history, lifestyle behaviors, medication status and physical measurements. After baseline, the intervention group received a 2-year intervention to achieve BP control, which included: (1) a workplace wellness program for all employees; (2) a guidelines-oriented hypertension management protocol. HLI including nonsmoking, nondrinking, adequate physical activity, weight within reference range and balanced diet, were coded on a 5-point scale (range: 0-5, with higher score indicating a healthier lifestyle). Antihypertensive medication use was defined as taking drug within the last 2 weeks. Changes in HLI, antihypertensive medication use and BP control from baseline to 24 months were measured after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 4655 employees were included (age: 46.3 ± 7.6 years, men: 3547 (82.3%)). After 24 months of the intervention, there was a significant improvement in lifestyle [smoking (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.99; <i>P</i> = 0.045), drinking (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.40-0.68; <i>P</i> < 0.001), regular exercise (OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.53-3.78; <i>P</i> < 0.001), excessive intake of fatty food (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.06-0.52; <i>P</i> = 0.002), restrictive use of salt (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.12-0.56; <i>P</i> = 0.001)]. Compare to employees with a deteriorating lifestyle after the intervention, those with an improved lifestyle had a higher BP control. In the intervention group, compared with employees not using antihypertensive medication, those who consistent used (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.16-4.72; <i>P</i> = 0.017) or changed from not using to using antihypertensive medication (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.08-4.62; <i>P</i> = 0.030) had higher BP control. Compared with those having lower HLI, participants with a same (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 0.99-1.93; <i>P</i> = 0.056) or high (OR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.27~2.53; <i>P</i> < 0.001) HLI had higher BP control. Those who used anti","PeriodicalId":51294,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geriatric Cardiology","volume":"22 3","pages":"389-400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}