Physician and Sportsmedicine最新文献

{"title":"Pediatric weight training fractures due to improper use: a review of national injury data, 2014-2023.","authors":"Charu Jain, Uma Balachandran, Luca M Valdivia, Camila Vicioso, Niklas H Koehne, Auston R Locke, Avanish Yendluri, Nikan K Namiri, Sheena C Ranade","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626767","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Youth weight and resistance training are growing in popularity, offering benefits like improved performance and injury prevention. However, improper technique and lack of supervision can lead to injuries - many of which are preventable with proper training and guidance. This study examined weightlifting-related injury trends and causes among youth in U.S. emergency departments. It was hypothesized that injuries would increase from 2014 to 2023, teens would have the highest injury rates, and crush injuries to fingers and toes would be the most common.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), a publicly available database representing approximately 100 US EDs, was used to identify fractures related to weightlifting in patients 0-18 years old. Fractures were included in this study if caused by improper use of equipment, dropped weights, crush injuries, or falls due to misplaced equipment. Queries were restricted to fractures from 2014 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2014 to 2023, an estimated 32,955 fractures related to weightlifting were identified, out of which, 28,647 were due to improper use. The mean age was 11.4 ± 5.9 years. Across the study period, the highest number of fractures from improper use in a year was in 2023 (NEISS cases = 114, NE = 3639, 12.7%). Most fractures occurred in males (NEISS cases = 679, NE = 20380, 71.1%). Adolescents (15-18) were the most injured age group (NEISS cases = 376, NE = 12646, 44.1%), with fractures occurring most frequently at home (29.6%) and at places of recreation or sports (21.1%). The most fractured body parts were the finger (38.9%) and toe (38%). There was a significant increase in finger fractures across time (<i>p</i> < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight training-related fractures due to improper use display an observed increasing trend among male youth in the US, with an actual case count of 1386 in 2014 increasing to 2815 in 2023. Additionally, there was a significant increase in finger injuries. Future research should be focused on implementing more stringent safety guidelines, increased supervision, as well as proper equipment use, and education for youth in the US, especially in homes and places of recreation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"236-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The musculoskeletal health of retired elite women footballers.","authors":"Sean Carmody, Andrew Massey, Gino Kerkhoffs, Vincent Gouttebarge","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2625648","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2625648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to describe the musculoskeletal health of retired elite women's footballers, with a particular emphasis on hip, knee, and ankle pain and function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retired elite women's footballers (18 years or older) were surveyed on their history of severe hip, knee, and ankle injuries, and previous joint surgery. Validated questionnaires (e.g. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS)) were used to assess health outcomes, such as level of function and pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-two respondents completed the survey (mean age 35.5 years, mean age at retirement 30.5 years). Nineteen (30.6%) retired players reported experiencing hip pain at least once per month. Forty-four (71%) participants had at least one severe knee injury during their career, with nearly a third (<i>n</i> = 20, 32.3%) experiencing knee pain on a weekly basis. The majority (<i>n</i> = 48, 77.4%) of participants had experienced at least one severe ankle injury during their career. Hip, knee and ankle pain was associated with a history of severe hip, knee, or ankle injury during a playing career. A history of ankle surgery was associated with ankle pain. Mean KOOS-PS score (84.7) was lower than that seen in the general population, while hip/ankle outcome measures were comparable to the general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Musculoskeletal complaints, especially knee-related issues, are common among retired elite women's footballers, and are associated with severe injuries during a player's career. Collaborative injury prevention efforts are likely to lead to positive health benefits for current, future and former elite women's footballers.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"214-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between sports injuries and sleep as measured by sleep actigraphy: a scoping review.","authors":"Cooper Lytle, Pranav Krishnan, Shreya M Saraf, Mary K Mulcahey","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626259","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this scoping review was to determine if there is an association between sleep patterns, as measured by sleep actigraphy, and athletic injuries and performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies were included from Pubmed, Embase, and SPORTDiscus, if they measured sleep using actigraphy, evaluated sports injuries and athletic performance. Systematic reviews, narrative reviews, and those not using actigraphy or which focused on concussions instead of other sports injuries were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 17 studies met inclusion criteria, examining athletes from 10 different sports. Of the seven studies evaluating the relationship between sleep metrics (sleep latency, efficiency, duration, wake after sleep onset) and injury occurrence, four studies (57%) found that decreased sleep correlated with increased injury occurrence in elite soccer, paralympic, and adolescent track and field athletes. Eight studies (47%) evaluated the relationship between sleep metrics and performance (reaction time, sports specific tasks, aerobic, and anaerobic capacity), finding that decreased sleep metrics correlated with decreased aerobic and anaerobic performance in rugby athletes, cyclists, triathletes, mixed martial arts (MMA), and Dutch elite youth athletes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings of this study show that there is no consensus on the relationship between the amount or quality of sleep and rates of sports-related injuries in adult athletes. Poor sleep metrics (total sleep time/duration, latency, and efficiency) were correlated with a decrease in response time in cyclists and Dutch elite youth athletes. Worsened sleep metrics were also found to decrease aerobic performance in physically active males, MMA fighters, rugby players, triathletes, and cyclists. In summary, these findings suggest that there is an association between poor sleep and worsened athletic performance, but the evidence for injury risk is inconclusive.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"173-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-balance challenges in Para judo athletes with visual impairment despite adequate hydration knowledge.","authors":"Bayram Ceylan, Hasan Basri Taşkın, İlknur Kobaş Tepe, Şükrü Serdar Balcı","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2025.2612466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2025.2612466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although it has been well documented that judo athletes from different competitive levels often exhibit inadequate hydration status, studies investigating the hydration habits of Paralympic judo athletes with visual impairment are scarce. Thus, this study examined urine-based hydration indicators and hydration-related behaviors of para judo athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve judo athletes (6 women and 6 men) with visual impairment from the national Paralympic judo team voluntarily participated in the study. Athletes' hydration status was assessed through urine specific gravity (USG), urine color (UC), and body weight (BW) changes over 24 hours, monitored at six time points. Additionally, athletes' hydration knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were evaluated using a hydration survey administered in an accessible format.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At rest, USG remained stable across measurement points (F_3,33 = 1.11; <i>p</i> = 0.36), while urine color increased following both training sessions. The evening judo training session induced a significant increase in USG (<i>p</i> = 0.009), whereas morning training had no effect. Body weight decreased significantly after both training sessions (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but overall 24-hour body mass remained stable (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Athletes demonstrated high levels of hydration knowledge (68.5%) and attitudes (70.2%), but only moderate hydration behaviors (62.2%). No significant associations were observed between survey scores and urine-based hydration markers (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate that Para judo athletes with visual impairment experience persistent challenges in maintaining day-to-day fluid balance despite adequate theoretical knowledge. Therefore, accessible, behavior-oriented hydration strategies and structured monitoring approaches should be developed for this underrepresented group, with active involvement of coaches and nutrition professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"192-199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145893497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in youth football: a prospective study.","authors":"Tainá de Mattos Leão, Rafaela Dos Santos Borek, Robertto de Oliveira Basso, Cassio Zini, Eduardo Bolicenha Simm, Guilherme Costa, Fábio Picoli, Juan Henrique Szymczak Conde, Renato Nisihara","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626298","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Musculoskeletal injuries are common in youth football and can impact athletes' development and performance. Understanding their incidence and characteristics is essential for prevention and management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the incidence and characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in youth categories of a Brazilian football club over one competitive season and assess associations with age group, playing position and training load.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 180 male athletes from four youth categories (U-11/13, U-15, U-17, U-20) monitored during the 2022 season. Data were collected from medical records, including injury diagnosis and severity, training load metrics (sRPE, TRIMP, ACWR, GPS).Injuries were defined as any condition causing at least one day of absence. Statistical analyses included correlations and group comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 181 injuries were recorded; 64.4% of athletes sustained at least one. Muscle injuries were most frequent (59%), followed by joint injuries (19.8%). The U-20 group had the highest incidence (33%), and forwards were most affected (34.2%). Bone injuries caused the longest absences (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). No significant associations were found between training load and injury outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Injury patterns varied by age and position. Muscle injuries predominated, highlighting the importance of integrated monitoring of injury characteristics, athlete profile, and physical demands to support injury prevention and early management in youth football.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Branched-chain amino acid supplementation and endurance performance: reporting guidelines and systematic review of biochemical vs clinical evidence.","authors":"Guilherme C Del Guerra, Victor Arthur Ohannesian, Raphaela Semerdjian, Rafael Andrade Sampaio Silva, Esther G Chagas, Marcia M L Alves, Gláucia Jaccoud de Oliveira Melo, Luiz Cesar D Do Nascimento, Bruno M Ishizuka, Ana Beatriz N da Silva, Gabriel Moraes de Oliveira, André Rizzuti","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2627863","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2627863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are widely used in endurance sports, yet their impact on performance remains unclear. This review evaluated whether biochemical changes from BCAA or leucine supplementation translate into functional benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020, the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and the GRADE approach. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to 11 July 2024. Eligible studies included endurance runners or athletes, used BCAA or leucine supplementation, and reported outcomes related to performance, recovery, or adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 152 records, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. No consistent improvement was observed in performance, fatigue, or recovery. Only two studies reported significant differences. One trial found a 42% reduction in muscle soreness (<i>p</i> < 0.05), though with inadequate control for protein intake and confounders. Biochemical changes included: increase 140% valine (<i>p</i> < 0.01), low plasma glucose (<i>p</i> < 0.01), increase free fatty acids (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and raise 25% protein synthesis post-exercise (95% CI: 20-30%, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Mental performance improved after 12 km and 30 km runs (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but no functional performance gains were consistently observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BCAA and leucine supplementation do not result in meaningful improvements in endurance performance or muscle recovery. Despite biochemical alterations, current evidence - limited by low methodological quality, surrogate outcomes, and risk of bias - does not support the use of BCAA as an effective strategy for endurance athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"180-191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity and caloric expenditure after adolescent concussion: a comparison with uninjured controls.","authors":"Katherine L Smulligan, Aubrey M Armento, Mathew J Wingerson, Madison L Brna, Shannon Nagle, William P Meehan, Julie C Wilson, David R Howell","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2617854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2617854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Concussion-induced pathophysiology creates an energetic imbalance within the brain. Though physical activity (PA) is recommended to facilitate recovery, individualized factors such as symptom severity and/or energy availability may be barriers to PA engagement and may need to be considered to promote concussion recovery. Our purpose was to compare PA over a one-week period between adolescents with and without a recent concussion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescent athletes within 3 weeks of concussion and uninjured athletes wore wrist-worn actigraphy devices for one week to quantify three outcomes: PA (steps/day), caloric expenditure, and resting heart rate (RHR). We used linear mixed models with random slopes and random intercepts for participants to examine between-group differences for each outcome over the monitoring period, adjusting for variables that differed between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled and followed 149 adolescents for one week: 85 with concussion (starting at 9.2 ± 3.5 days post-injury, age = 15.3 ± 1.8 years, 52% female) and 64 uninjured controls (age = 15.4 ± 1.5 years, 61% female). After adjusting for covariates, the concussion group took fewer steps/day (β = -4837 steps/day; 95%CI: -6266, -3409; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and expended fewer calories (β = -338 calories; 95%CI: -512, -164; <i>p</i> = 0.001) than controls during the monitoring period. RHR was similar between groups (β = 0.74 beats/min; 95%CI: -2.41, 3.88; <i>p</i> = 0.65).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adolescents after recent concussion demonstrated lower PA and expended fewer calories than uninjured controls, indicating that it may take several weeks after concussion to resume PA levels similar to uninjured peers. Our results may reflect participants following concussion guidelines/physician guidance to gradually increase PA during concussion recovery as tolerated without symptom exacerbation, leading to less PA engagement compared to controls. Further research into energy needs after concussion may inform therapeutic targets to facilitate recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13040388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145991766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal complaints in college sports: associated factors and immediate physiotherapy outcomes.","authors":"Raquel Emanuele Godoy Martinez, Tamiris Beppler Martins, Caetano Matias de Sousa, Rodrigo Okubo","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626264","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2626264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the profile of sports-related musculoskeletal complaints treated by physiotherapy during a multi-sport university competition, identify associated factors (training load, strengthening frequency, and previous complaint history), and evaluate the immediate effect of physiotherapy interventions on pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>gThis cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study analyzed physiotherapy records from a University Games (2022-2025), involving 5100 student-athletes. All athletes who sought physiotherapy for a musculoskeletal complaint during the events were included. A standardized assessment form recorded demographics, sport modality, training characteristics, strengthening frequency, previous complaints in the same region, anatomical location, mechanism, physiotherapy interventions, and pain intensity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale, NPRS) before and after treatment. Incidence rates were calculated as physiotherapy-treated complaints per 1000 athlete exposure hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1803 physiotherapy treatment encounters were registered. Most complaints involved the lower limbs (64.7%) and were classified as traumatic (50.3%) or atraumatic/overuse (25.0%). Five team sports - futsal, 7-a-side soccer, volleyball, handball, and basketball - accounted for 93.6% of sport-specific cases. The overall incidence of physiotherapy-treated complaints was 29.62 per 1000 athlete exposure hours. Baseline pain showed no significant difference between encounters with and without a previous complaint in the same region (<i>p</i> = 0.060), was weakly correlated with weekly sport-training hours (ρ = 0.101, <i>p</i> = 0.014), and was not associated with strengthening frequency (ρ = 0.038, <i>p</i> = 0.192). In 1020 encounters with pre- and post-treatment data, a mean reduction of -2.69 NPRS points was observed (<i>p</i> < 0.001; Cohen's d = 1.58).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Musculoskeletal complaints during multi-sport university competitions predominantly affect the lower limbs and are mainly traumatic in nature, particularly in high-intensity team sports. Immediate, on-site physiotherapy provides substantial pain relief, underscoring its role in acute athlete care and as a foundation for targeted injury prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"222-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of two consecutive knockout losses in ultimate fighting championship athletes.","authors":"Avi N Albert, Jai Horsey, Clayton R Baker, Nick De Oliveira, Daytawn Campbell, Samuel W Fitch, Kristen L Williams, Douglas P Terry, Scott L Zuckerman","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2631369","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2631369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study sought to: (1) characterize the demographic and fight specific details of Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) athletes who experienced two consecutive knockout (KO) or technical knockout (TKO) losses, and (2) identify predictors associated with two consecutive KO or TKO losses using publicly available data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study examined UFC fighters who sustained at least one KO/TKO loss between 01/2015 and 12/2023 (with at least one subsequent fight) using publicly available fight records and third-party sources. Fighters were binarized into: (1) One Knockout group or (2) Two Consecutive Knockouts group. Demographics and fight specific details from the initial KO/TKO loss were compared using t-tests and chi-squared tests. A multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of two consecutive KO/TKO losses using variables including age, sex, prior knockout history, weight, total head strikes absorbed, and knockout type.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 705 UFC athletes who sustained a knockout (age: mean = 31.1; 89.9% male), 77.3% sustained a single KO/TKO loss and 22.7% sustained two consecutive losses. Fighters with two consecutive knockouts were older (31.8 ± 3.9 vs. 31.0 ± 4.0; <i>t</i> = -2.288, <i>p</i> = .022) and more likely to be male (94.4% vs. 88.6%; χ² = 4.5, <i>p</i> = .034). Additonally, they fought at a heavier weight class (175.9 ± 41.8 lbs vs. 168.8 ± 39.4 lbs; <i>t</i> = -1.991, <i>p</i> = .047). In the logistic regression, prior knockout history was the only independent predictor (OR = 1.13, <i>p</i> = .019, 95% CI = 1.020-1.246).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among UFC athletes during a 9-year period, 23% sustained two knockout losses in a row. Associations with two consecutive knockouts were older age, male sex, heavier weight class, and prior KO history, with prior KO history emerging as the only independent predictor. Recognizing prior knockout exposure as a key risk factor may help coaches and sports medicine physicians identify fighters at greater vulnerability for subsequent knockouts. Identifying high-risk fighters through knockout history may inform return-to-competition and medical clearance decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-based differences in pediatric lateral ankle avulsion fractures: males are more likely to sustain avulsion fractures.","authors":"Lauren T Reese, Cassidy M Schultz, Robert L Van Pelt, Katherine Lampe, Jane S Chung, Shane M Miller, Charles W Wyatt, Henry B Ellis, Philip L Wilson, Jacob C Jones","doi":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2620362","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00913847.2026.2620362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess sex-based differences in the frequency and characteristics of pediatric lateral ankle avulsion fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational cohort study (Level II) was conducted at a tertiary sports medicine clinic between July 2022 and March 2025. This study included a total of 132 patients with 133 injuries aged 5-12 years presenting within 30 days of a first-time lateral ankle injury (67.4% female and 32.6% male). Injuries were categorized as avulsion or non-avulsion using ultrasound as the reference standard. Demographics, injury type and mechanism, sport type, and validated patient-reported measures were analyzed by sex using chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Males were found to be significantly more likely to sustain lateral ankle avulsion fractures than their female counterparts (50.0% vs. 24.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the avulsion and non-avulsion groups for age, race, ethnicity, BMI, or days to presentation. Sport during injury did vary by sex (<i>p</i> = 0.02), but the cause of injury did not. Pain, mobility, anxiety, and Pedi-FABS scores did not vary between sexes at presentation, regardless of their avulsion status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that males with lateral ankle injuries were more likely to sustain avulsion fractures than females in this pediatric population. Despite these differences in injury type, both sexes reported similar levels of function, anxiety, pain, and activity at initial presentation. Understanding early sex-based differences in lateral ankle fracture patterns may inform diagnostic evaluation and management in pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51268,"journal":{"name":"Physician and Sportsmedicine","volume":" ","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}