Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research最新文献

{"title":"Executive Function Associations With Audibility-Adjusted Speech Perception in Noise.","authors":"Mark A Eckert, Lois J Matthews, Kenneth I Vaden, Judy R Dubno","doi":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Speech recognition in noise is challenging for listeners and appears to require support from executive functions to focus attention on rapidly unfolding target speech, track misunderstanding, and sustain attention. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that lower executive function abilities explain poorer speech recognition in noise, including among older participants with hearing loss who often exhibit diminished speech recognition in noise and cognitive abilities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional sample of 400 younger-to-older adult participants (19 to < 90 years of age) from the community-based Medical University of South CarolinaLongitudinal Cohort Study of Age-related Hearing Loss were administered tasks with executive control demands to assess individual variability in a card-sorting measure of set-shifting/performance monitoring, a dichotic listening measure of selective attention/working memory, sustained attention, and processing speed. Key word recognition in the high- and low-context speech perception-in-noise (SPIN) tests provided measures of speech recognition in noise. The SPIN scores were adjusted for audibility using the Articulation Index to characterize the impact of varied hearing sensitivity unrelated to reduced audibility on cognitive and speech recognition associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Set-shifting, dichotic listening, and processing speed each explained unique and significant variance in audibility-adjusted, low-context SPIN scores (<i>p</i>s < .001), including after controlling for age, pure-tone threshold average (PTA), sex, and education level. The dichotic listening and processing speed effect sizes were significantly diminished when controlling for PTA, indicating that participants with poorer hearing sensitivity were also likely to have lower executive function and lower audibility-adjusted speech recognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poor set-shifting/performance monitoring, slow processing speed, and poor selective attention/working memory appeared to partially explain difficulties with speech recognition in noise after accounting for audibility. These results are consistent with the premise that distinct executive functions support speech recognition in noise.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface to the Special Issue: Select Papers From the 8th International Conference on Speech Motor Control.","authors":"Ben A M Maassen, Hayo Terband","doi":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00526","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"3881-3886"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142480235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Stimulus Length in Tongue and Lip Movement Pattern Stability in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Kristin J Teplansky, Alan Wisler, Lisa Goffman, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00079","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of stimulus signal length on tongue and lip motion pattern stability in speakers diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Electromagnetic articulography was used to derive articulatory motion patterns from individuals with mild (<i>n</i> = 27) and severe (<i>n</i> = 16) ALS and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 25). The spatiotemporal index (STI) was used as a measure of articulatory stability. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate signal length effects on the STI: (a) the effect of the number of syllables on STI values and (b) increasing lengths of subcomponents of a single phrase. Two-way mixed analyses of variance were conducted to assess the effects of syllable length and group on the STI for the tongue tip (TT), tongue back (TB), and lower lip (LL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experiment 1 showed a significant main effect of syllable length (TT, <i>p</i> < .001; TB, <i>p</i> < .001; and LL, <i>p</i> < .001) and group (TT, <i>p</i> = .037; TB, <i>p</i> = .007; and LL, <i>p</i> = .017). TB and LL stability was generally higher with speech stimuli that included a greater number of syllables. Articulatory variability was significantly higher in speakers diagnosed with ALS compared to healthy controls. Experiment 2 showed a significant main effect of length (TT, <i>p</i> < .001; TB, <i>p</i> = .015; and LL, <i>p</i> < .001), providing additional support that STI values tend to be greater when calculated on longer speech signals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Articulatory stability is influenced by the length of speech signals and manifests similarly in both healthy speakers and persons with ALS. TT stability may be significantly impacted by phonemic content due to greater movement flexibility. Compared to healthy controls, there was an increase in articulatory variability in those with ALS, which likely reflects deviations in speech motor control.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24463924.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"4002-4014"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11547047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental and Syllabic Articulations: A Descriptive Approach.","authors":"Malin Svensson Lundmark, Donna Erickson","doi":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00092","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This article reports on jaw articulation, in connection with the segmental articulations of tongue tip and lips. The jaw is considered a syllable articulator as it opens and closes for each syllable, and the amount of jaw opening is related to syllable strength, given the same phonemic vowel. Here, we investigate the syllabic and the segmental articulations relationships to the acoustic segments.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyze electromagnetic articulography data of 18 Southern Swedish speakers by testing hypotheses based on the Descriptive Approach to Segmental Articulations. In this approach, articulatory movements are divided into fast intervals and steady states, and the crucial (\"primary\") articulators' deceleration and acceleration peaks align with the acoustic segment boundaries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Previous findings on the lips and the tongue tip are confirmed. New results are the jaw as noncrucial (\"nonprimary\") does not align with the acoustic segment boundaries: Its steady states are shorter than consonant and vowel segments. Moreover, place of articulation of the coda affects the jaw cycle, while syllable type only affects jaw closing. No such effects are found on the edges of the jaw cycle, instead only gender affects jaw deceleration at syllable onset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The jaw is not crucial for the timing of the acoustic segment boundaries; also, syllable borders seem to not be affected by place of segmental articulation. The results strengthen the view of the jaw as syllable articulator providing a frame and the other articulators (e.g., lips and tongue tip) as the segmental articulators providing the content.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"3974-4001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Speech Production Following Perceptual Training With Orofacial Somatosensory Inputs.","authors":"Monica Ashokumar, Jean-Luc Schwartz, Takayuki Ito","doi":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00249","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Orofacial somatosensory inputs play an important role in speech motor control and speech learning. Since receiving specific auditory-somatosensory inputs during speech perceptual training alters speech perception, similar perceptual training could also alter speech production. We examined whether the production performance was changed by perceptual training with orofacial somatosensory inputs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We focused on the French vowels /e/ and /ø/, contrasted in their articulation by horizontal gestures. Perceptual training consisted of a vowel identification task contrasting /e/ and /ø/. Along with training, for the first group of participants, somatosensory stimulation was applied as facial skin stretch in backward direction. We recorded the target vowels uttered by the participants before and after the perceptual training and compared their F1, F2, and F3 formants. We also tested a control group with no somatosensory stimulation and another somatosensory group with a different vowel continuum (/e/-/i/) for perceptual training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceptual training with somatosensory stimulation induced changes in F2 and F3 in the produced vowel sounds. F2 decreased consistently in the two somatosensory groups. F3 increased following the /e/-/ø/ training and decreased following the /e/-/i/ training. F2 change was significantly correlated with the perceptual shift between the first and second half of the training phase in the somatosensory group with the /e/-/ø/ training, but not with the /e/-/i/ training. The control group displayed no effect on F2 and F3, and just a tendency of F1 increase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that somatosensory inputs associated to speech sound inputs can play a role in speech training and learning in both production and perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"3962-3973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Compartmental Tongue.","authors":"Alan A Wrench","doi":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00125","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tongue anatomy and function is widely described as consisting of four extrinsic muscles to control position and four intrinsic muscles to control shape. This myoarchitecture cannot, however, explain independent tongue body and blade movement nor accurately model the subtlety of observed lingual shapes. This study presents the case for a finer neuromuscular structure and functional description.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using the theoretical framework of the partitioning hypothesis, evidence for neuromuscular compartments of each of the lingual muscles was discerned by reviewing studies of lingual anatomy, hypoglossal nerve staining, hypoglossal motoneuron axon tracing, muscle fiber type distribution, and electromyography. Muscle fibers of the visible human female were manually traced to produce a three-dimensional atlas of muscular compartments. A kinematic study was undertaken to determine the degree of independent movement between different parts of the tongue. A simple biomechanical model was used to demonstrate how synergistic groups of compartments can control sectors of the tongue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated as many as 10 compartments of genioglossus, two each of superior and inferior longitudinal, eight of styloglossus, three of hyoglossus, and six each of transversus and verticalis, while palatoglossus may not have a significant role in tongue function. Kinematic analysis indicated independent control of five sectors of the tongue body, and biomechanical modeling demonstrated how this control may be achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Evidence is presented for a lingual structure based on neuromuscular compartments, which work together to position and shape sectors of the tongue and independently control tongue body and blade.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"3887-3913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diadochokinesis Performance and Its Link to Cognitive Control: Alternating Versus Non-Alternating Diadochokinesis.","authors":"Esther Janse, Chen Shen, Esther de Kerf","doi":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00076","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In a previous publication, we observed that maximum speech performance in a nonclinical sample of young adult speakers producing <i>alternating</i> diadochokinesis (DDK) sequences (e.g., rapidly repeating \"pataka\") was associated with cognitive control: Those with better cognitive switching abilities (i.e., switching flexibly between tasks or mental sets) showed higher DDK accuracy. To follow up on these results, we investigated whether this previously observed association is specific to the rapid production of <i>alternating</i> sequences or also holds for <i>non-alternating</i> sequences (e.g., \"tatata\").</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>For the same sample of 78 young adults as in our previous study, we additionally analyzed their accuracy and rate performance on non-alternating sequences to investigate whether executive control abilities (i.e., indices of speakers' updating, inhibition, and switching abilities) were more strongly associated with production of alternating, as compared with non-alternating, sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the three executive control abilities, only switching predicted both DDK accuracy and rate. The association between cognitive switching (and updating ability) and DDK <i>accuracy</i> was only observed for alternating sequences. The DDK <i>rate</i> model included a simple effect of cognitive switching, such that those with better switching ability showed slower diadochokinetic rates across the board. Thus, those with better cognitive ability showed more accurate (alternating) diadochokinetic production and slower maximum rates for both alternating and non-alternating sequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These combined results suggest that those with better executive control have better control over their maximum speech performance and show that the link between cognitive control and maximum speech performance also holds for non-alternating sequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"4096-4106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9930587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Functional Communication Outcomes in Children With Idiopathic Motor Speech Disorders.","authors":"Aravind K Namasivayam, Hyunji Shin, Rosane Nisenbaum, Margit Pukonen, Pascal van Lieshout","doi":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00070","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the study was to investigate child- and intervention-level factors that predict improvements in functional communication outcomes in children with motor-based speech sound disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighty-five preschool-age children with childhood apraxia of speech (<i>n</i> = 37) and speech motor delay (<i>n</i> = 48) participated. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between minimal clinically important difference in the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six scores and multiple child-level (e.g., age, sex, speech intelligibility, Kaufman Speech Praxis Test diagnostic rating scale) and intervention-level predictors (dose frequency and home practice duration).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 65% of participants demonstrated minimal clinically important difference changes in the functional communication outcomes. Kaufman Speech Praxis Test rating scale was significantly associated with higher odds of noticeable change in functional communication outcomes in children. There is some evidence that delivering the intervention for 2 times per week for 10 weeks provides benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A rating scale based on task complexity has the potential for serving as a screening tool to triage children for intervention from waitlist and/or determining service delivery for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"4053-4068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress Toward Estimating the Minimal Clinically Important Difference of Intelligibility: A Crowdsourced Perceptual Experiment.","authors":"Kaila L Stipancic, Frits van Brenk, Mengyang Qiu, Kris Tjaden","doi":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00354","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_JSLHR-24-00354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the current study was to estimate the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of sentence intelligibility in control speakers and in speakers with dysarthria due to multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's disease (PD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixteen control speakers, 16 speakers with MS, and 16 speakers with PD were audio-recorded reading aloud sentences in habitual, clear, fast, loud, and slow speaking conditions. Two hundred forty nonexpert crowdsourced listeners heard paired conditions of the same sentence content from a speaker and indicated if one condition was more understandable than another. Listeners then used the Global Ratings of Change (GROC) Scale to indicate <i>how much more understandable</i> that condition was than the other. Listener ratings were compared with objective intelligibility scores obtained previously via orthographic transcriptions from nonexpert listeners. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and average magnitude of intelligibility difference per level of the GROC Scale were evaluated to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of potential cutoff scores in intelligibility for establishing thresholds of important change.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MCIDs derived from the ROC curves were invalid. However, the average magnitude of intelligibility difference derived valid and useful thresholds. The MCID of intelligibility was determined to be about 7% for a small amount of difference and about 15% for a large amount of difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work demonstrates the feasibility of the novel experimental paradigm for collecting crowdsourced perceptual data to estimate MCIDs. Results provide empirical evidence that clinical tools for the perception of intelligibility by nonexpert listeners could consist of three categories, which emerged from the data (\"no difference,\" \"a little bit of difference,\" \"a lot of difference\"). The current work is a critical step toward development of a universal language with which to evaluate changes in intelligibility as a result of neurological injury, disease progression, and speech-language therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Elicitation Methods for Measuring Articulatory Control.","authors":"Claudia I Abbiati, Kimberly R Bauerly, Shelley L Velleman","doi":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00056","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_JSLHR-23-00056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Spatiotemporal index (STI) is a common measure of articulatory variability used to examine speech-motor control. However, the methods used to elicit productions for measuring STI have varied across studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether STI values are affected by changes in elicitation methods.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Lip aperture STI (LA STI) was calculated for 19 monolingual English-speaking young adults based upon the production of four declarative sentences that varied by length and complexity. Using a 2 × 2 design, productions were elicited under the following two conditions: repetition type (consecutive vs. pseudorandom) and stimulus presentation type (auditory vs. combined auditory and visual). Conditions for eliciting productions were counterbalanced among participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a main effect of repetition type (<i>p</i> < .001) and sentence type (<i>p</i> < .030). Pseudorandom repetitions resulted in higher mean LA STI values across sentence types compared to those computed from consecutive repetitions. There were no significant differences for stimulus presentation type. That is, no differences in mean LA STI were found between the auditory versus combined auditory and visual presentations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show that the methods used to elicit sentence productions have a significant effect on LA STI values. Findings suggest that there is a need for researchers to consider these effects when designing methods for measuring LA STI.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"4107-4114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11546903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49693754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}