The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Impact of diet supplementation of enzymes during hot weather conditions on milk production and nutrient utilization in Murrah buffaloes","authors":"Anuj Kumar, Amit Kumar, D. K. Singh, Debashis Roy, M. K. Singh, T. Sarkar, Rohit Kumar, V. K. Yadav","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.147803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.147803","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of diet supplementation of enzymes during hot weather conditions on milk production and nutrient utilization in Murrah buffaloes. Twenty four Murrah buffaloes were distributed randomly into four equal groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) with six buffaloes in each, on the basis of their body weight, lactation length and test day milk yield. Feeding trial was planned into four treatment groups, viz. T1 (Basal diet without enzyme supplementation), T2 (Basal diet with supplementation of Xylanase @800000 IU), T3 (Basal diet with supplementation of Cellulase @240000 IU) and T4 (Basal diet with supplementation of Xylanase @800000 IU and Cellulase@240000 IU). The results revealed that the average milk yield (5.93 L/day) was higher in T4 as compared to other treatment groups, i.e. 5.47, 5.59 and 5.88 L/day in T1, T2 and T3 group, respectively. Statistically the difference in milk yield was significantly higher in cellulase supplemented groups. The milk fat (%) was significantly higher in enzyme supplemented over control group. The results were shown an increment in all other major milk constituents in enzyme supplemented group in comparison to control group, while statistically the difference was found non-significant. The average DM intake (kg/d, kg/100 kg body wt. and g/kg W0.75) remained static in all treatment groups while the CP intake (g/d, g/100 kg BW and g/kg W0.75) was significantly higher in cellulase supplemented buffaloes. The TDN intake (kg/d, kg/100kg BW and g/kg W0.75) was significantly higher in enzyme supplemented groups. Similarly the digestibility coefficient of CF, NDF and ADF were higher in buffaloes of T3 and T4 over control (T1) group. So, it is concluded from the present study that the milk production and milk composition improves in the combine use of xylanase and cellulase enzyme supplemented groups of buffaloes due to enhanced protein and energy intake and fibre digestibility.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"53 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity analysis of native sheep population of Eastern Indian Himalayas using microsatellite DNA markers","authors":"A. Phookan, Galib UZ Zaman, Bula Das, ARPANA DAS, Pranab Jyoti Das, Momi Sharma, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Sourabh Deori","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.139372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.139372","url":null,"abstract":"A study was undertaken for genetic diversity analysis of three native sheep populations of Eastern Indian Himalaya utilizing twenty five ovine microsatellite markers. A total of 150 sheep, 50 each from the states of Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh were genotyped through microsatellite. Polymorphism was revealed in most of the markers with a total of 242 alleles. The average observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity estimates for Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh sheep were 0.311 and 0.396; 0.323 and 0.383; and 0.416 and 0.408, respectively suggesting that the genetic diversity of each population ranged from intermediate to high. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) estimates and Shannon’s Information index were 0.357 and 0.70, 0.366 and 0.75, and 0.292 and 0.75 in Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh sheep populations. Mean FIS (within- population inbreeding estimate), FIT (Between-population inbreeding estimate) and FST (Population differentiation measure) estimate for three populations under consideration were 0.149, 0.224 and 0.088, respectively. Significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (based on chi-square) were found in a total of 10, 13 and 6 alleles in Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh sheep population which indicated evolutionary force in operation at these loci in the respective population. The study revealed that Assam sheep and Meghalaya sheep are the closest relatives whereas Assam sheep and Arunchal Pradesh sheep are farthest relatives.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"51 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of vitamin B1 and phenylalanine on the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin using bioassay in rabbits","authors":"P. Anjaneyulu, K. V. V. Rao, Srividya Gullapudi, ASWANI KUMAR, V. S. Harshini, G. S. Prathyusha, G. S. Rao, Suma Sri Timmareddy","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.147834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.147834","url":null,"abstract":"This pharmacokinetic study was carried out in rabbits following single oral administration of ciprofloxacin to study kinetic behaviour of ciprofloxacin in the presence of vitamin B1 and selected essential amino acid phenylalanine. Rabbits weighing 2-4 kg were randomly assigned to 5 groups of 6 each. Group 1 served as blank without any treatment. Group 2 served as ciprofloxacin control whereas Group 3, 4 and 5 rabbits were co-administered with thiamine (80 mg/kg), phenylalanine (48 mg/kg), combination of thiamine and phenylalanine along with ciprofloxacin (40 mg/kg) orally. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time intervals up to 24 h, and plasma was used for estimation of ciprofloxacin through bioassay. Results obtained from the experiment revealed that rabbits of Group 3, 4 and 5 showed improved levels of Cmax 4.74±0.17, 3.00±0.22, 2.18±0.12 µg/mLand AUC 20.30±5.19, 10.09±1.48, 12.85±1.34 µg.h/mL, respectively when compared to Cmax (2.10±0.14 µg/mL) and AUC (5.90±0.81 µg.h/mL) in Group II rabbits. PK-PD integration of the present study revealed that Cmax: MIC>8, AUC: MIC>125 in Group 3, 4 and 5 implying that the co-administration of vitamin B1 and phenylalanine and their combination improves the antibacterial activity and reduces the development of resistance at the selected dose of ciprofloxacin.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"86 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of major coagulase positive Staphylococcus isolates from the canine pyoderma cases","authors":"Khambam Shobha, G. S N, B. D B, J. B B, F. D T, P. P J","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.149258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.149258","url":null,"abstract":"Pyoderma is a one of the most common dermatological condition frequently observed in small animal practice. The genus Staphylococcus is responsible for approximately 90% of pyoderma cases in dogs, caused by bacterial infection. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of major coagulase positive Staphylococcus bacteria causing different types of canine pyoderma in dog breeds. The samples were collected from the clinical cases of canine pyoderma with varying grade from the different breeds of dogs for the molecular based detection of major coagulase-positive Staphylococcus species. Out of total bacterial isolates, majority of them were molecularly identified as Staphylococcus spp. by 16S rRNA gene. Of these Staphylococcus spp., most common isolated organism was S. pseudintermedius (80.82%) followed by S. schleiferi subsp. coagulans (8.22%) and aureus (2.74%), using Pse-nuc, Sch-nuc, and Au-nuc genes, respectively.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carrier frequency of autosomal recessive disorders CVM and DUMPS in Sahiwal and Holstein Friesian cattle in Chhattisgarh","authors":"Vineet Kumar, ASIT JAIN, Tripti Jain, K. Mukherjee, Aakanksha Rathore, K. Parveen, Farheen Ansari","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.132934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.132934","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, genetic screening of Sahiwal and Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle and its crosses was conducted using the PCR-RFLP technique to detect the presence of CVM and DUMPS disorders. Genomic DNA was extracted from 50 Sahiwal and 100 HF animals and its crosses using commercially available kits. Gene-specific primers were utilized for in vitro amplification of SLC35A3 and UMPS genes by PCR, followed by RFLP analysis using PstI and AvaI restriction endonucleases for CVM and DUMPS, respectively. Subsequently, the PCR products were purified and sequenced to confirm any mutations in the DNA target sequences. Notably, no affected or carrier animals for CVM and DUMPS disorders were identified among the screened animals. Thus, the gene and genotype frequency of CVM and DUMPS carriers was zero, indicating a 100% frequency of normal animals. The study underscores the importance of continued screening for these genetic disorders, involving a larger sample size across the state, and advocates for mandatory screening before utilizing animals for breeding purposes, in adherence to minimum standard protocols.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"61 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cysteine supplementation in semen extender on freezability and fertility of Murrah buffalo semen","authors":"S. Panwar, A. Singh, A. Kumar, M. Honparkhe, N. S. Ratta, P. Singh","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.134823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.134823","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of cysteine on freezability and in vivo fertility of buffalo bull spermatozoa. Twenty-four ejaculates from four healthy breeding Murrah buffalo bulls were collected using artificial vagina. Qualified semen ejaculates (1-2 ml volume; >70% initial progressive motility; >4 mass activity; 1.0 billion/ml concentration) were diluted with Tris-citric acid extender containing 0.0 mM (control), 2.5 mM, 5.0 mM, 7.5 mM and 10.0 mM cysteine at 37oC and cryopreserved following standard protocol. The post-thaw semen was evaluated for CASA-based sperm motion traits, viability, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity and oxidative stress. The sperm total and progressive motility, viability and plasma membrane integrity were higher in extender containing 2.5 mM/ml of cysteine compared to other concentrations. Acrosome integrity exhibited no difference in all groups with cysteine compared to control. Regarding sperm kinematics, addition of cysteine (2.5 mM/ml and 5.0 mM/ml) to extender significantly improved VCL and VAP as compared to other groups. The oxidative stress (MDA production) was significantly lower in extender supplemented with cysteine (5.0 mM/ml and 2.5 mM/ml) than in other groups. A total of 40 artificial inseminations were performed with the best evolved cysteine-supplemented extender (2.5 mM) based on the evaluation of post-thaw sperm attributes and control (20 each). In vivo fertility rates of buffalo semen were recorded non-significantly higher with extender supplemented with cysteine (2.5 mM; 55%) compared to control (0.0 mM; 45%). In conclusion, supplementing 2.5 mM cysteine in extender improved the post-thaw quality of Murrah buffalo bull semen.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epizootiology of gastrointestinal parasites in equines of Kashmir valley, India","authors":"S. Tramboo, R. A. Shahardar, I. Allaie, K. H. Bulbul, Z. A. Wani","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i6.131818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i6.131818","url":null,"abstract":"Equine faecal samples from major tourist destinations of Kashmir valley were examined over a period of one year both qualitatively and quantitatively, and were finally subjected to coproculture, to map out the parasitic fauna of equines for the development of effective control strategies. The overall prevalence rate of parasites was found to be 85.11% with 96.77% prevalence rate in donkeys followed by 86.30%, 81.52% and 75.63% in ponies, mules, and horses, respectively. Prevalence of nematode infection was very high followed by very low prevalence rate of trematodes, cestodes and protozoa. Highest infection rate was recorded in spring, followed by summer, autumn and winter. Prevalence was found to be higher in young equines as compared to adult equines and in males than females. The overall mean EPG was found to be 755.20±33.47 with the highest mean EPG recorded in summer followed by spring, autumn and lowest in winter. Higher intensity of infection was recorded in young equines compared to adults and in females in comparison to males. The different strongylid larvae identified on coprocultures were Cyathostomum spp., followed by Triodontophorus spp., Oesophagodontus spp., Trichostrongylus axei, Gyalocephalus spp., Strongylus edentatus, Poteriostomum spp., Strongylus vulgaris, S. equinus and other larvae. Based on the prevalence pattern, it was concluded that deworming of equines in Kashmir valley should be carried out at least two times a year, i.e. mid-spring (April) and mid-autumn (October) to keep the parasitic load under control.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting human resource needs for shaping Veterinary and Animal Husbandry sector in Amritkaal","authors":"Hema Tripathi, Rakesh Chandra Agrawal, Bhupendra Nath Tripathi, Himanshu Pathak","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i5.146902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i5.146902","url":null,"abstract":"The present study provides an in-depth exploration of the demand and supply landscape for human resources within India’s Veterinary and Animal Husbandry (VAH) sector, aiming to identify the current and future challenges in meeting the workforce needs. It assesses the demand for veterinary professionals, taking into account various influencing factors such as the sector’s historical growth trends, the emerging roles, challenges posed by technological advancements and the expected integration of various sectors. Simultaneously, the supply side is scrutinized through an analysis of educational output, considering both the potential increase in the number of training institutions and the anticipated fluctuations in graduation rates due to policy changes or other external factors. The core objective of this paper is to shed light on the significant discrepancy between the available supply of veterinary graduates and the burgeoning demand within the sector. This gap is underscored by the study’s projection of a gradual narrowing over the coming decades, attributed to strategic increases in educational capacity. However, the analysis suggests that substantial efforts in expanding the number of veterinary colleges will be essential to align the supply with the projected demand effectively. This assessment underlines the critical need for a concerted and strategic approach to bolster the sector’s human resource base, ensuring its capacity to meet future challenges.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"14 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141053471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of goat rearing systems and their impact on young goat production in the Sahelian zone of Africa: The case of West Mayo-Kebbi, Chad","authors":"Amel Najjar, Kyeblouabé Signaboubo Zahiiky, V. Zeuh, A. Gasmi̇-Boubaker, Sana Khaldi","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i5.147225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i5.147225","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted in the province of West Mayo Kebbi–Chad, and involved 96 goat farmers covering 3599 animals belonging to the local breed. Production performances of kids raised for butchery were estimated based on their kidding mode (simple, double, or triple), their mortality rate, and their age at weaning. Present findings showed the pinpointing of two main goats rearing systems: the traditional extensive (TE=24%) and the semi-extensive systems (SE=76%), with a higher number of goats reared in the SE compared to the TE systems. Feeding is based on grazing at 90% and 100% for SE and TE, respectively. Supplementation is practiced in the SE system, using hay and agricultural by-products. Most of the kidding was recorded during the dry season, with a comparable average annual number of live kids produced per farm for the SE and TE systems. Similarly, the average annual kid’s neonatal mortality per farm did not vary between the SE and TE systems. The simple, double, and triple kidding mode was higher in the SE system compared to the TE system, yet the age at weaning was similar in both systems. Besides, the study also showed that the most goat farmers belong to the SE farming system. Their feeding practices are almost the same in both farming systems except for supplementation, which is usually practiced in the SE. Conclusively, the production performances did not vary between the two farming systems, except for the kidding mode, which was higher in the SE farming system.","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"21 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141055076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic and morphometric characterization of Janwal Pashmi dog","authors":"S. K. Makne, P. V. Nandedkar, R. R. Thakur, M. M. Chopade, S. S. Ali, M. Dige","doi":"10.56093/ijans.v94i5.148392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v94i5.148392","url":null,"abstract":"Janwal Pashmi is the medium sized dog found in the villages of Chakur tehsil of Latur and adjoining districts of Marathwada region of Maharashtra. Present investigation was carried out by collecting morphometric data on 207 Janwal Pashmi dogs from its breeding tract. Data collected was classified into two age groups, i.e. below one year (puppies) and above one year (adult). Majority of the dogs were found to be black in colour (78.26%), however, fawn (8.69%), brown (4.34%), grey (5.79%) and white (2.89%) were also noticed. Most of the dogs were found to have medium hairs length (51.20%) followed by long hairs (43.47%) and rarely short hair length (5.31%). The head was straight and wedge shaped with 69.56% and 30.43%, respectively. The colour of nostrils in majority of dogs was black (95.16%) and very few dogs had brown (3.86%) and pinkish (0.96%) colour nostrils. Eyes were light brown (47.34%) to dark brown (52.65%). Majority of dogs had long ear (54.58%) while medium sized ears were observed in 42.02% of dogs. Morphometric characters studied were body weight (BW), height at wither (HW), body length (BL), chest girth (CG), paunch girth (PG), tail length (TL), head length (HL), height at base of tail (HBT), neck length (NL), neck girth (NG), ear length (EL), ear width (EW), eye width (EYW), hind foot length (HFL), upper hind leg length (UHLL), lower hind leg length (LHLL), fore foot length (FFL), upper fore leg length (UFLL) and lower fore leg length (LFLL). The effect of sex was found to be non-significant on all the traits in puppies except BW, HW, HBT, NL, UHLL and UFLL. However, BW, HW, BL, CG, TL, HL, HBT, NL, NG, HFL, UHLL, LHLL, FFL and UFLL were found significantly higher in males of adult age group. Both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food was given to dogs and majority of farmers used iron mesh cages for keeping dogs. The characterization of Janwal Pashmi dog done in this study may help in the registration of this dog as a breed status and further conservation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":512390,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}