Vitamins and Hormones最新文献_第8页

Insulin receptor at the blood-brain barrier: Transport and signaling. 血脑屏障上的胰岛素受体：运输和信号传递

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.05.001

Sumio Ohtsuki

引用次数: 0

The Maillard reactions: Pathways, consequences, and control. 马氏反应：途径、后果和控制。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.002

Delia B Rodriguez-Amaya, Jaime Amaya-Farfan

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Sensors for blood brain barrier on a chip. 芯片血脑屏障传感器

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.02.006

Yan Liang, Jeong-Yeol Yoon

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Brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism and its ties to barrier function. 脑微血管内皮细胞新陈代谢及其与屏障功能的关系。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.05.002

Callie M Weber, Bilal Moiz, Alisa Morss Clyne

{"title":"Brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism and its ties to barrier function.","authors":"Callie M Weber, Bilal Moiz, Alisa Morss Clyne","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Brain microvascular endothelial cells, which lie at the interface between blood and brain, are critical to brain energetics. These cells must precisely balance metabolizing nutrients for their own demands with transporting nutrients into the brain to sustain parenchymal cells. It is essential to understand this integrated metabolism and transport so that we can develop better diagnostics and therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. In this chapter, we first describe brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism and how these cells regulate both blood flow and nutrient transport. We then explain the impact of brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, as well as how metabolites produced by the endothelial cells impact other brain cells. We detail some ways that cell metabolism is typically measured experimentally and modeled computationally. Finally, we describe changes in brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. At the end of the chapter, we highlight areas for future research in brain microvascular endothelial cell metabolism. The goal of this chapter is to underscore the importance of nutrient metabolism and transport at the brain endothelium for cerebral health and neurovascular disease treatment.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"25-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A circadian clock regulates the blood-brain barrier across phylogeny. 昼夜节律钟跨越系统发育调节血脑屏障。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004

Ashley Avila, Shirley L Zhang

{"title":"A circadian clock regulates the blood-brain barrier across phylogeny.","authors":"Ashley Avila, Shirley L Zhang","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"As the central regulatory system of an organism, the brain is responsible for overseeing a wide variety of physiological processes essential for an organism's survival. To maintain the environment necessary for neurons to function, the brain requires highly selective uptake and elimination of specific molecules through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). As an organism's activities vary throughout the day, how does the BBB adapt to meet the changing needs of the brain? A mechanism is through temporal regulation of BBB permeability via its circadian clock, which will be the focal point of this chapter. To comprehend the circadian clock's role within the BBB, we will first examine the anatomy of the BBB and the transport mechanisms enabling it to fulfill its role as a restrictive barrier. Next, we will define the circadian clock, and the discussion will encompass an introduction to circadian rhythms, the Transcription-Translation Feedback Loop (TTFL) as the mechanistic basis of circadian timekeeping, and the organization of tissue clocks found in organisms. Then, we will cover the role of the circadian rhythms in regulating the cellular mechanisms and functions of the BBB. We discuss the implications of this regulation in influencing sleep behavior, the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, and finally drug delivery for treatment of neurological diseases.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"126 ","pages":"241-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12928502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141728264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MicroRNAs in aldosterone production and action. 醛固酮分泌和作用中的微小核糖核酸

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001

Scott M MacKenzie, Lara A Birch, Stelios Lamprou, Parisa Rezvanisanijouybari, May Fayad, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Eleanor Davies

{"title":"MicroRNAs in aldosterone production and action.","authors":"Scott M MacKenzie, Lara A Birch, Stelios Lamprou, Parisa Rezvanisanijouybari, May Fayad, Maria-Christina Zennaro, Eleanor Davies","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Aldosterone is a cardiovascular hormone with a key role in blood pressure regulation, among other processes, mediated through its targeting of the mineralocorticoid receptor in the renal tubule and selected other tissues. Its secretion from the adrenal gland is a highly controlled process subject to regulatory influence from the renin-angiotensin system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. MicroRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNA molecules capable of regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally through stimulation of mRNA degradation or suppression of translation. Several studies have now identified that microRNA levels are changed in cases of aldosterone dysregulation and that microRNAs are capable of regulating the expression of various genes involved in aldosterone production and action. In this article we summarise the major studies concerning this topic. We also discuss the potential role for circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for primary aldosteronism, a highly treatable form of secondary hypertension, which would be highly desirable given the current underdiagnosis of this condition.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"137-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glycation and drug binding by serum albumin. 血清白蛋白的糖化和药物结合。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.001

Anu Jain, Nand Kishore

{"title":"Glycation and drug binding by serum albumin.","authors":"Anu Jain, Nand Kishore","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"Accumulation of glycation products in patients with hyperglycaemic conditions can lead to their reaction with the proteins in the human system such as serum albumin, haemoglobin, insulin, plasma lipoproteins, lens proteins and collagen among others which have important biological functions. Therefore, it is important to understand if glycation of these proteins affects their normal action not only qualitatively, but also importantly quantitatively. Glycation of human serum albumin can easily be carried out over period of weeks and its drug transportability may be examined, in addition to characterisation of the amadori products. A combination of ultrasensitive isothermal titration calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, spectroscopy and chromatography provides structure-property-energetics correlations which are important to obtain mechanistic aspects of drug recognition, conformation of the protein, and role of amadori products under conditions of glycation. The role of advance glycation end products is important in recognition of antidiabetic drugs. Further, the extent of glycation of the protein and its implication on drug transportability investigated by direct calorimetric methods enables unravelling mechanistic insights into role of functionality on drug molecules in the binding process, and hinderance in the recognition process, if any, as a result of glycation. It is possible that the drug binding ability of the protein under glycation conditions may not be adversely affected, or may even lead to strengthened ability. Rigorous studies on such systems with diverse functionality on the drug molecules is required which is essential in deriving guidelines for improvements in the existing drugs or in the synthesis of new molecular entities directed towards addressing diabetic conditions.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"125 ","pages":"89-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141602140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MicroRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen biosynthesis. 肾上腺糖皮质激素和雄激素生物合成的微RNA调控。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006

Salman Azhar, Wen-Jun Shen, Zhigang Hu, Fredric B Kraemer

{"title":"MicroRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen biosynthesis.","authors":"Salman Azhar, Wen-Jun Shen, Zhigang Hu, Fredric B Kraemer","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"Steroid hormones are derived from a common precursor molecule, cholesterol, and regulate a wide range of physiologic function including reproduction, salt balance, maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics, response to stress, neuronal function, and various metabolic processes. Among the steroids synthesized by the adrenal and gonadal tissues, adrenal mineralocorticoids, and glucocorticoids are essential for life. The process of steroidogenesis is regulated at multiple levels largely by transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and posttranslational regulation of the steroidogenic enzymes (i.e., cytochrome P450s and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases), cellular compartmentalization of the steroidogenic enzymes, and cholesterol processing and transport proteins. In recent years, small noncoding RNAs, termed microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as major post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression with essential roles in numerous biological processes and disease pathologies. Although their role in the regulation of steroidogenesis is still emerging, several recent studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of the role miRNAs play in the regulation of the steroidogenic process. This chapter focuses on the recent developments in miRNA regulation of adrenal glucocorticoid and androgen production in humans and rodents.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12832080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cholesterol-centric outlook on steroidogenesis. 以胆固醇为中心的类固醇生成观。

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006

Simarjit Kaur Sidhu, Suresh Mishra

{"title":"A cholesterol-centric outlook on steroidogenesis.","authors":"Simarjit Kaur Sidhu, Suresh Mishra","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"Cholesterol, an essential and versatile lipid, is the precursor substrate for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, and a key structural and functional component of organelle membranes in eukaryotic cells. Consequently, the framework of steroidogenesis across main steroidogenic cell types is built around cholesterol, including its cellular uptake, mobilization from intracellular storage, and finally, its transport to the mitochondria where steroidogenesis begins. This setup, which is controlled by different trophic hormones in their respective target tissues, allows steroidogenic cells to meet their steroidogenic need of cholesterol effectively without impinging on the basic need for organelle membranes and their functions. However, our understanding of the basal steroidogenesis (i.e., independent of trophic hormone stimulation), which is a cell-intrinsic trait, remains poor. Particularly, the role that cholesterol itself plays in the regulation of steroidogenic factors and events in steroid hormone-producing cells remains largely unexplored. This is likely because of challenges in selectively targeting the steroidogenic intracellular cholesterol pool in studies. New evidence suggests that cholesterol plays a role in steroidogenesis. These new findings have created new opportunities to advance our understanding in this field. In this book chapter, we will provide a cholesterol-centric view on steroidogenesis and emphasize the importance of the interplay between cholesterol and the mitochondria in steroidogenic cells. Moreover, we will discuss a novel mitochondrial player, prohibitin-1, in this context. The overall goal is to provide a stimulating perspective on cholesterol as an important regulator of steroidogenesis (i.e., more than just a substrate for steroid hormones) and present the mitochondria as a potential cell-intrinsic factor in regulating steroidogenic cholesterol homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"405-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive remodeling of the stimulus-secretion coupling: Lessons from the 'stressed' adrenal medulla. 刺激-分泌耦合的适应性重塑：受压 "肾上腺髓质的启示

4区医学

Vitamins and Hormones Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004

Nathalie C Guérineau

{"title":"Adaptive remodeling of the stimulus-secretion coupling: Lessons from the 'stressed' adrenal medulla.","authors":"Nathalie C Guérineau","doi":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.vh.2023.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"Stress is part of our daily lives and good health in the modern world is offset by unhealthy lifestyle factors, including the deleterious consequences of stress and associated pathologies. Repeated and/or prolonged stress may disrupt the body homeostasis and thus threatens our lives. Adaptive processes that allow the organism to adapt to new environmental conditions and maintain its homeostasis are therefore crucial. The adrenal glands are major endocrine/neuroendocrine organs involved in the adaptive response of the body facing stressful situations. Upon stress episodes and in response to activation of the sympathetic nervous system, the first adrenal cells to be activated are the neuroendocrine chromaffin cells located in the medullary tissue of the adrenal gland. By releasing catecholamines (mainly epinephrine and to a lesser extent norepinephrine), adrenal chromaffin cells actively contribute to the development of adaptive mechanisms, in particular targeting the cardiovascular system and leading to appropriate adjustments of blood pressure and heart rate, as well as energy metabolism. Specifically, this chapter covers the current knowledge as to how the adrenal medullary tissue remodels in response to stress episodes, with special attention paid to chromaffin cell stimulus-secretion coupling. Adrenal stimulus-secretion coupling encompasses various elements taking place at both the molecular/cellular and tissular levels. Here, I focus on stress-driven changes in catecholamine biosynthesis, chromaffin cell excitability, synaptic neurotransmission and gap junctional communication. These signaling pathways undergo a collective and finely-tuned remodeling, contributing to appropriate catecholamine secretion and maintenance of body homeostasis in response to stress.","PeriodicalId":51209,"journal":{"name":"Vitamins and Hormones","volume":"124 ","pages":"221-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0