{"title":"Editorial commentary: Moving the boundaries of the diagnosis of unexplained sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death in the young","authors":"Matteo Vatta","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 184-185"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: Applying guidelines directed medical therapy for heart failure: The cardiologist hard job","authors":"Gabriele Fragasso","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 151-153"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario Mekhael , Ghassan Bidaoui , Austin Falloon , Amitabh C. Pandey
{"title":"Personalization of primary prevention: Exploring the role of coronary artery calcium and polygenic risk score in cardiovascular diseases","authors":"Mario Mekhael , Ghassan Bidaoui , Austin Falloon , Amitabh C. Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Personalized healthcare is becoming increasingly popular given the vast heterogeneity in disease manifestation between individuals. Many commonly encountered diseases within cardiology are multifactorial in nature and disease progression and response is often variable due to environmental and genetic factors influencing disease states. This makes accurate early identification and primary prevention difficult in certain populations, especially young patients with limited Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk factors. Newer strategies, such as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans and polygenic risk scores (PRS), are being implemented to aid in the detection of subclinical disease and heritable risk, respectively. Data surrounding CAC scans have shown promising results in their ability to detect subclinical atherosclerosis and predict the risk of future coronary events, especially at the extremes; however, predictive variability exists among different patient populations, limiting the test's specificity. Furthermore, relying only on CAC scores and ASCVD risk scores may fail to identify a large group of patients needing primary prevention who lack subclinical disease and traditional risk factors, but harbor genetic variabilities strongly associated with certain cardiovascular diseases. PRS can overcome these limitations. These scores can be measured in individuals as early as birth to identify genetic variants placing them at elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease, irrespective of their current cardiovascular health status. By applying PRS alongside CAC scores, previously overlooked patient populations can be identified and begin primary prevention strategies early to achieve optimal outcomes. In this review, we expand on the current knowledge surrounding CAC scores and PRS and highlight the future possibilities of these technologies for preventive cardiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 154-163"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: Takotsubo syndrome: Be happy, then worry?","authors":"J D Horowitz , A M Kucia , T H Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 202-203"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Guidelines for treating heart failure","authors":"Michelle M. Kittleson","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimal guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction comprises the angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (sacubitril/valsartan), an evidence-based beta-blocker (bisoprolol, carvedilol, or sustained-release metoprolol), a mineralocorticoid antagonist (spironolactone or eplerenone), and a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin). Optimal guideline-directed medical therapy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction comprises a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor with emerging evidence to support the use of a mineralocorticoid antagonist and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. This review will summarize the evidence behind the guideline recommendations, the impact of newer trials on management of patients with HF, and strategies for implementation into clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew S. Tseng , Mayank Sardana , John R. Giudicessi , Michael J. Ackerman
{"title":"Unexplained sudden cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death in the young: What is killing these young people when nothing is found?","authors":"Andrew S. Tseng , Mayank Sardana , John R. Giudicessi , Michael J. Ackerman","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unexplained sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young remains a critical issue for clinicians, researchers, patients and their family members. In this review, we explore the current status of SCA and SCD evaluation in the young, including recent monogenic and polygenic disease discoveries, advancements in cardiac imaging and our growing understanding of the role of the Purkinje system in triggering life threatening and even fatal ventricular arrhythmias. Yet, despite these advancements, over a third of SCA and SCD among individuals with seemingly structurally normal hearts remain unexplained. We explore the future role of artificial intelligence, novel biomarkers, multimodality cardiac imaging, genetic discoveries, as well as wearable devices and sensors in closing this current gap. With the overarching framework provided in this review, we envision a future in which collaboration among patients, clinicians, researchers, innovators, and policy makers culminates in our ability to diagnose, predict, and ultimately prevent SCA and SCD in the young.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial commentary: The birth and growth of Cardio-Obstetrics: Managing cardiovascular risk and disease in pregnancy","authors":"Yuliya Krokhaleva, Marmar Vaseghi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 175-176"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Happy heart syndrome – The impact of different triggers on the characteristics of takotsubo syndrome","authors":"Thomas Stiermaier, Ingo Eitel","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a condition of acute ventricular dysfunction mainly in aging women that is frequently precipitated by episodes of physical or emotional stress. The association with negative emotional triggers such as fear, grief, or interpersonal conflicts was observed soon after the first description of TTS three decades ago and led to the popular term “broken heart syndrome”. However, more recent research shows that TTS can also be provoked by pleasant emotions in some patients, referred to as “happy heart syndrome”.</div><div>This review will discuss the role of stressful triggers in patients with TTS and their impact on the course of the disease with a particular focus on characteristic features of happy heart syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 3","pages":"Pages 197-201"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}