Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Premature Ventricular Complexes and Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Older Women.","authors":"Isaac C Bohart, Sofia E Gomez, Marco V Perez","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While ventricular ectopy is common across broad populations and becomes even more prevalent with age, this topic has been largely understudied, particularly among women. Recent data have revealed that the prevalence of frequent ventricular ectopy among older women is higher than expected. Furthermore, older women are more likely to experience symptomatic arrhythmias and palpitations resulting in cardiac monitoring and the detection of ectopy. Incidental ventricular ectopy, namely premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), is being identified more frequently across both sexes due to recent expansion of cardiac monitoring, often for atrial fibrillation screening. Definitions and clinically relevant thresholds of frequent ventricular ectopy vary widely across clinical studies and society guidelines. As a result, the diagnosis and management of frequent ventricular ectopy is challenging. Given the consequences of frequent PVCs and NSVT, namely incident cardiomyopathy and associated morbidity and mortality, further characterization of these entities and consensus on diagnostics and therapeutics is needed to guide providers in caring for an aging population. This review seeks to synthesize the literature on the prevalence and clinical significance of ventricular ectopy, while also proposing novel, evidence-based diagnostic and treatment algorithms. A special focus will be placed on postmenopausal women in an effort to tackle existing sex disparities and highlight unique insights relevant to the clinical care of this understudied population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac neuromodulation for ventricular arrhythmias: Current state and future perspectives. A comprehensive review.","authors":"Pierre Groussin, Donovan Decaudin, Melvyn Dezecot, Thomas Marc, Nathalie Behar, Dominique Pavin, Christophe Leclercq, Philippe Mabo, Karim Benali, RaphaëlP Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrical storm represents an urgent challenge in electrophysiology. Despite the use of antiarrhythmic medications and catheter ablation, refractory ventricular arrhythmias may persist, prompting the use of neuromodulation. This approach has evolved over the years, facing initial challenges owing to the intricacies of the autonomic nervous system. Animal studies have significantly enhanced our understanding of this system, paving the way for human studies on sympathetic modulation, which gained momentum in the early 2000s and expanded notably in cardiology in the 2010s. Presently, a variety of techniques coexist and offer diverse alternatives. Additionally, there are promising avenues for development that are primarily explored in animal models. This review aims to shed light on the diverse approaches currently available in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing mHealth technology to tackle cardiovascular disease health disparities in racial and ethnic minorities: A multilevel strategy.","authors":"Stephanie M Lopez-Neyman","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expand the success of screening to reduce aortic aneurysm mortality: progress interpretation and new fronts","authors":"Nobel Chenggong Zong ,&nbsp;Kai Huang ,&nbsp;Xia Yang ,&nbsp;Hua Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aortic aneurysm is a leading cause of death across the world. Many victicms carry it without knowing. Ruputre of aortic aneurysms leads to devastating sudden death. This brings trauma to families and our society. Based upon sound results out of several cohort studies, US Preventive Services Task Force (USPST) crafted the 1st nationwide abdominal aorta aneurysm (AAA) screening program in 2005. It was renewed and expanded in subsequent revisions in 2014 and 2019. UK and Sweden estalished their own programs as well. Since then, a significant decline in AAA prevalence and mortality has been observed. Two decades into the practice, the state of the art on diagnostics, surgical approaches, and pharmacological options have drastically changed. Patients previously ineligible for treatment or inconclusive on diagnostics now have valid options. The screening program is on the verge for a bold expansion. In this review, we summarize the chroncles leading to the inception of the screening programs, progress in interpretation after implementation including gains, gaps and controversies, advents of new technologies and approaches, new fronts facing us, as well as priorities to be addressed in future phases. Particularly, screening asssys with a clinically tested biomarker, tetrahydrobiopterin (H₄B), enables unpresended accessibility, consistency and throughput to accommodate the needs of a larger population. Furthermore, patients with AAAs at size below the eligibility threhold for surgical intervention (e.g., &lt; 5.5 cm) can be treated with novel oral medications. Confronting factors such as changing demographics and COVID-19 aftermath are putting up new challenges. Nevertheless, running a program at national scale demands both unwavering commitment and agile fine-tuning. Technical innovation will be an indispensable chapter of its continued success. The burden of aortic aneurysm-led sudden death is too heavy for any family and the society to bear; it is time to step up our resolve with additional capacities as discussed in the present review.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 221-229"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial commentary: Enhancing cardiovascular prevention: Multimodal physical activity is powerful, but individualisation is the key to better outcomes","authors":"Matthew Hollings,&nbsp;Chloe Trevor","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 241-242"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial commentary: Effects of geography on the genesis, prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic heart disease","authors":"L. Samuel Wann","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 219-220"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The triad of physical activity: An optimal combination for cardiovascular health","authors":"Rubén López-Bueno ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés ,&nbsp;Joaquín Calatayud ,&nbsp;Lars Louis Andersen ,&nbsp;Borja del Pozo Cruz ,&nbsp;Fanny Petermann-Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of moderate to vigorous physical activity with muscle-strengthening physical activity is increasingly recognized for its significant impact on cardiovascular health. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence to compare the cardiovascular benefits of combined physical activity versus singular forms, especially in primary prevention. The main focus is on hormonal, nervous, genetic, and molecular adaptations, critical mechanisms underlying the body's response to physical activity. Our findings endorse superior benefits for combined moderate to vigorous and muscle-strengthening physical activity for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This combined approach synergistically enhances cardiovascular function and more effectively reduces risk factors than either activity alone. While more research is needed to distinguish between moderate and vigorous activity levels in combination with muscle-strengthening physical activity, current evidence supports comprehensive physical activity guidelines that maximize cardiovascular health. These findings highlight the importance of integrated physical activity regimens in public health strategies and clinical practice to mitigate the global CVD burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing personalised care in atrial fibrillation and stroke: The potential impact of AI from prevention to rehabilitation","authors":"Sandra Ortega-Martorell ,&nbsp;Ivan Olier ,&nbsp;Mattias Ohlsson ,&nbsp;Gregory Y.H. Lip ,&nbsp;TARGET Consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a complex condition caused by various underlying pathophysiological disorders and is the most common heart arrhythmia worldwide, affecting 2 % of the European population. This prevalence increases with age, imposing significant financial, economic, and human burdens. In Europe, stroke is the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability, with numbers expected to rise due to ageing and improved survival rates. Functional recovery from AF-related stroke is often unsatisfactory, leading to prolonged hospital stays, severe disability, and high mortality.</div><div>Despite advances in AF and stroke research, the full pathophysiological and management issues between AF and stroke increasingly need innovative approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). Current risk assessment tools focus on static risk factors, neglecting the dynamic nature of risk influenced by acute illness, ageing, and comorbidities. Incorporating biomarkers and automated ECG analysis could enhance pathophysiological understanding.</div><div>This paper highlights the need for personalised, integrative approaches in AF and stroke management, emphasising the potential of AI and ML to improve risk prediction, treatment personalisation, and rehabilitation outcomes. Further research is essential to optimise care and reduce the burden of AF and stroke on patients and healthcare systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the cardiovascular system","authors":"Antonis A. Manolis ,&nbsp;Theodora A. Manolis ,&nbsp;Apostolos Vouliotis ,&nbsp;Antonis S. Manolis","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease, is an important and rising health issue with a link with atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD), affecting ∼25–30 % of the adults in the general population; in patients with diabetes, its prevalence culminates to ∼70 %; its evolutive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is estimated to be the main cause of liver transplantation in the future. MASLD is a multisystem disease that affects, besides the liver, extra-hepatic organs and regulatory pathways; it raises the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), CVD, and chronic kidney disease; the disease may also progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. Its diagnosis requires hepatic steatosis and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor and the exclusion of both significant alcohol consumption and other competing causes of chronic liver disease. Beyond CV events, associated metabolic comorbidities comprise obesity (∼50 %), T2D (∼20 %), hyperlipidemia (∼70 %), hypertension (∼40 %), and metabolic syndrome (∼40 %). Among the various clinical events, CV events mostly determine prognosis as they are the leading cause of death in these patients. Regarding management, statins exert beneficial effects in improving liver injury; silybin, derived from Silybum marianum, has some protective effects; lifestyle modification, such as weight loss, dietary changes, physical exercise, and abstention from alcohol use combined with optimal management of comorbidities are most helpful. Bariatric surgery may be an option in persons with MASLD and obesity. Adults with non-cirrhotic MASLD and significant liver fibrosis may be candidates for targeted treatment with resmetirom, which has histological efficacy on steatohepatitis and fibrosis with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile, whereas, no MASLD-targeted pharmacotherapy can be beneficial in the cirrhotic stage, whereby other measures may include metabolic drugs, nutritional counseling, surveillance for portal hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma, and finally, liver transplantation in decompensated cirrhosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 258-265"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the complex interplay between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health: Mechanisms, evidence, and future directions","authors":"Dae-In Lee ,&nbsp;Sunwon Kim ,&nbsp;Dong Oh Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review article explores the intricate relationship between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular health, underscoring on both clinical outcomes and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. It examines the complex dose-response relationships for various cardiovascular disease (CVD) subtypes, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and atrial fibrillation, while categorizing pathophysiological mechanisms into three conceptual areas: primary initiating factors, secondary transmission pathways, and end-organ effects. Although mild-to-moderate alcohol consumption may confer some benefits for cardiovascular health and certain CVD subtypes, growing evidence highlights the importance of lifestyle modifications to reduce alcohol intake, particularly among heavy drinkers. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge, emphasizes the need for future research with robust methodologies, and advocates for incorporating updated scientific evidence into personalized approaches within international cardiovascular and national guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"35 4","pages":"Pages 243-253"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}