Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Editorial commentary: Early exposure, lifelong damage: Evidence of cardiac damage from childhood smoking","authors":"Tammy C. Ras","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 167-168"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute coronary-occlusion myocardial infarctions: performance of the STEMI criteria and evolving alternative approaches","authors":"Ryan Tudino ,&nbsp;Edward Richardson ,&nbsp;Jessica M. Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Mohamed Barghout ,&nbsp;Tiffany Ho ,&nbsp;J. Dawn Abbott ,&nbsp;Marwan Saad","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) includes ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA), which occur predominantly due to atherothrombosis with varying degrees of acute occlusion of coronary vasculature. Coronary angiogram and subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are central to management of acute coronary occlusions; however, the timing of coronary angiogram varies significantly across these pathologies based on current guidelines. The STEMI criteria are electrocardiographic features utilized to rapidly triage patients to catheterization laboratories, because these criteria are felt to be specific for acute coronary occlusion of culprit coronary vessels. Patients who do not fulfill STEMI criteria are triaged as NSTEMIs with delayed coronary reperfusion strategies. A significant proportion of patients with NSTEMI ACS are found to have acute coronary occlusion (ACO) of coronary vessels. Some NSTEMI patterns on electrocardiogram that are considered specific for acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction (ACOMI) have been aptly labeled “STEMI-equivalents” and are thus recognized as high-risk features in expert statements but, as of yet, not formally adopted in guidelines. Here, we review the current literature on ACOMI in NSTEMI ACS and the “STEMI Equivalents”. We discuss the potential role for additional studies, revised diagnostic criteria, and predictive tools to better stratify patients with NSTEMI ACS for urgent versus delayed reperfusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 180-187"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of smoking from childhood associated with greater risk of cardiac damage","authors":"Douglas R. Corsi ,&nbsp;Andrew O. Agbaje","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active and passive tobacco exposure during childhood and adolescence represents a critical preventable risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease. Tobacco smoking in early life poses an elevated risk of endothelial dysfunction, vascular alteration, and irregular heart rhythm, which may lead to thrombosis. Smoking may temporarily raise cardiac output, enhance heart rate, augment cardiac contractility, and increase cardiac filling due to systemic venoconstriction. Emerging studies have shown that smoking is an independent driver of ventricular hypertrophy in the young population, as a crucial factor in cardiovascular risk progression. This narrative review provides up-to-date evidence regarding epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical implications of active and passive childhood tobacco exposure on a growing heart. Long-term prospective relationships between tobacco use and structural and functional heart alterations were discussed, and strategies to reduce smoking interest in the young population were also highlighted. Finally, this review re-engages interest in a sensational topic that cannot be wished away like a bad dream and recommends strategic actions to take to save the youth’s heart.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial commentary: Primary aldosteronism-induced dilated cardiomyopathy: an old villain under the radar","authors":"Magda C. Diaz-Vesga ,&nbsp;Sergio Lavandero","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 145-146"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial commentary: Psychological and emotional drivers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Screening the brain to protect the heart","authors":"Karim Atmani ,&nbsp;Marmar Vaseghi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 178-179"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current insights and challenges in the management of left ventricular thrombus","authors":"Christos S Katsouras ,&nbsp;Xenofon M Sakellariou ,&nbsp;Aris Bechlioulis ,&nbsp;Lampros Lakkas ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Korantzopoulos ,&nbsp;Qin-Fen Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Left ventricular thrombus is a relatively common and serious complication in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, resulting in an increased risk of embolic events such as ischemic stroke and contributing to higher mortality rates.</div><div>Current clinical guidelines recommend anticoagulation therapy for 3 to 6 months in patients with left ventricular thrombus; however, the evidence supporting this approach primarily derives from small-scale randomized trials or retrospective observation studies, which limit the generalizability of findings across diverse patient populations.</div><div>Several critical aspects of left ventricular thrombus identification and management remain inadequately studied, and these areas include optimal time and detection imaging methods, anticoagulation strategies (treatment of choice and optimal duration), and the need for periodic re-evaluation.</div><div>This review consolidates the current evidence, identifies gaps in left ventricular thrombus management, and proposes individualized strategies that consider factors like left ventricular function and bleeding risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 123-130"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy in primary aldosteronism: A state-of-the-art of mechanistic insights, therapeutic strategies, and future perspectives","authors":"Luigi Marzano,&nbsp;Francesca Zoccatelli,&nbsp;Simonetta Friso","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an underrecognized yet potentially reversible cardiac complication of primary aldosteronism (PA), the most prevalent cause of secondary hypertension. Beyond its well-established hypertensive and profibrotic effects, chronic aldosterone excess exerts direct myocardial toxicity, driving progressive left ventricular remodeling. This remodeling follows a characteristic trajectory, evolving from concentric remodeling to eccentric hypertrophy with diastolic dysfunction, and ultimately culminating in overt systolic impairment. Importantly, these pathological changes result from mechanisms extending beyond mere pressure overload, including mineralocorticoid receptor overactivation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and myocardial fibrosis. This state-of-the-art review integrates current epidemiological data, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic outcomes from both clinical and experimental studies on PA-related DCM. We critically assess the pathophysiological cascade linking aldosterone excess to adverse cardiac remodeling and evaluate the comparative impact of adrenalectomy and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on myocardial recovery. Special emphasis is placed on diagnostic challenges, clinical implications, and the importance of early recognition. By consolidating available evidence and highlighting key knowledge gaps, this review aims to inform clinical decision-making and stimulate future research in the emerging field of endocrine cardiomyopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 134-144"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145193765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controversies in valvular heart disease: insights from cardiac imaging","authors":"Pieter van der Bijl ,&nbsp;Nina Ajmone Marsan ,&nbsp;Jeroen J. Bax","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous controversies still exist in the diagnosis and management of valvular heart disease, for example, the benefit of treating moderate aortic stenosis (AS) or asymptomatic, severe AS and the appropriate selection criteria for transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. While numerous imaging parameters have been linked to the risk of sudden cardiac death in mitral valve prolapse, their relative merits are unknown and this is a challenging population to risk-stratify. No large, randomized data exist to guide selection of patients for transcatheter repair of tricuspid regurgitation or valve intervention in severe pulmonary regurgitation. Multimodality cardiac imaging provides unique insights into these important questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticoagulation and thromboembolic risk management in pharmacological and electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: State of the evidence and knowledge gaps.","authors":"Nicolas Johner, Francesco Notaristefano, Konstantinos Vlachos, John L Fitzgerald, Marianne Tétreault-Langlois, Cinzia Monaco, Karim Benali, Geoffroy Ditac, Frédéric Sacher, Josselin Duchateau, Romain Tixier, Thomas Pambrun, Nicolas Derval, Pierre Jaïs","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2026.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2026.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacological and electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with markedly increased (>10-fold) risk of thromboembolic events clustering within 7 days following sinus rhythm restoration. Current evidence indicates that post-cardioversion thrombus formation from atrial stunning, rather than preexisting thrombus, causes most thromboembolic complications. Risk factors include traditional CHA₂DS₂-VASc components (particularly heart failure), AF duration ≥12 h, mitral valve stenosis, cardiac amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. While placebo-controlled randomized trials are lacking, there is overwhelming observational evidence that oral anticoagulation (OAC) reduces post-cardioversion thromboembolism by 60-80 % to a residual risk of approximately 0.5 %. This benefit seems independent of CHA₂DS₂-VASc and AF duration (including <48 h). Current guidelines recommend OAC for ≥3 weeks before and ≥4 weeks after cardioversion, or to rule out intracardiac thrombus by imaging, with OAC immediately before cardioversion and for ≥4 weeks. The safety of this strategy was validated in large prospective trials. However, alternative durations of pre-/post-cardioversion OAC have never been tested in randomized trials. The optimal duration of pre-cardioversion OAC remains unclear. Shorter pre-cardioversion delay is associated with increased success of cardioversion, reduced AF recurrence, reduced severity and duration of atrial stunning, and possibly reduced thromboembolic complications. Likewise, antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) pre-treatment improves cardioversion outcomes but is sometimes withheld by fear of early sinus rhythm restoration and associated thromboembolic risk. Randomized data from the ACUTE trial have shown that early AAD introduction was safe. Given the short-lived but dramatic increase in thromboembolic risk post-cardioversion, intensifying OAC immediately before cardioversion might further reduce risk, as suggested by observational studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The vulnerable ventricle: Recognizing suicide left ventricle after aortic valve intervention.","authors":"Aabha Divya, Niti Dalal","doi":"10.1016/j.tcm.2026.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcm.2026.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51199,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}