Social Studies of Science最新文献_第5页

Precog visions: Predicting the future with the Minority Report sociotechnical imaginary. Precog 愿景：用《少数派报告》的社会技术想象预测未来。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241270991

Mehitabel Glenhaber, Hamsini Sridharan

{"title":"Precog visions: Predicting the future with the Minority Report sociotechnical imaginary.","authors":"Mehitabel Glenhaber, Hamsini Sridharan","doi":"10.1177/03063127241270991","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241270991","url":null,"abstract":"The 2002 film Minority Report regularly appears in tech press articles asking whether it 'predicted the future'. When such publications invoke the film as having 'predicted the future' or 'come true', what social and political claims are being made? How has Minority Report become a discursive tool for imagining, constructing, and criticizing sociotechnical worlds? In this paper, we evaluate the worldbuilding process and real-world trajectories of three technologies 'from' Minority Report, as refracted through the lens of tech journalism: gestural interfaces, targeted advertising, and predictive policing. We argue that science fiction does more than represent technologies; it participates in their social construction. Some technologies imagined in Minority Report operate as 'diegetic prototypes', and the journalistic witnessing public takes them up in complex ways, interpreting, misinterpreting, and remixing the technologies depicted in the film. We further argue that it is not only technologies that move between film and reality in this process, but entire sociotechnical imaginaries. We find that in tech beat interpretations of Minority Report, the interfaces between bodies and technologies reflect a Silicon Valley sociotechnical imaginary of disembodied cyborg subjects and deracialized surveillance that materially and discursively shapes how technologies depicted in the film are developed and received.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"37-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The art, science and technology studies movement: An essay review. 艺术、科学和技术研究运动：论文综述。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241270917

Maja Horst

引用次数: 0

Chicken metabolism, immobilization, and post-industrial production. 鸡的新陈代谢、固定化和后工业化生产。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-02 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241247022

Catherine Oliver

{"title":"Chicken metabolism, immobilization, and post-industrial production.","authors":"Catherine Oliver","doi":"10.1177/03063127241247022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241247022","url":null,"abstract":"Chickens have become emblematic of the Anthropocene: They embody the age of acceleration, (post-) industrial value, and intensification in scientific and technological knowledge and practice. Contemporary chickens are the bearers of significant genetic and nutritional knowledge, experimented upon and 'tweaked' so much so that some have denied that contemporary commercial chickens are chickens at all. This article reconsiders chickens through a metabolic lens, and the notion of metabolism through chickens, arguing that attending to chickens opens up new conceptualizations of life and labour in the metabosphere. The article tells a metabolic history of chickens from ornament to enclosed monocrop, by way of the laboratory and nutritional experiments. Then, it looks at chicken metabolism in three conceptual modes: first, as a conduit for value, metabolizing and enhancing human life for the past century; second, through technological innovations extending the gut outside chickens' immobilized bodies; and third, through the planetary impacts of metabolic porosity in geological manifestations, toxic atmospheres, and viral overflow. Ultimately, this article shows how techno-scientific production of chickens has taken place in and created the metabosphere as a site of experimentation and exploitation.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"85-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Path creation as a discursive process: A study of discussion starters in the field of solar fuels. 作为话语过程的路径创造：对太阳能燃料领域讨论启动器的研究。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241271024

Eugen Octav Popa, Vincent Blok, Cornelius Schubert, Georgios Katsoukis

引用次数: 0

Virtual diversity and the value-ladenness of science 虚拟多样性与科学的价值承载

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1177/03063127251314860

Charles Thorpe

引用次数: 0

The commercial roots of the genomic commons 基因组公地的商业根源

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241310122

Steve Sturdy

引用次数: 0

A precision immuno-oncology turn? Hybridizing cancer genomics and immunotherapy through neoantigens-based adoptive cell therapies 精准免疫肿瘤学转向？杂交癌症基因组学和免疫疗法通过新抗原为基础的过继细胞疗法

IF 3 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241303720

Luca Chiapperino, Nils Graber, Francesco Panese

{"title":"A precision immuno-oncology turn? Hybridizing cancer genomics and immunotherapy through neoantigens-based adoptive cell therapies","authors":"Luca Chiapperino, Nils Graber, Francesco Panese","doi":"10.1177/03063127241303720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03063127241303720","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the development of T cell-based therapies in Switzerland. These therapies, which elicit the immunological potential of each patient to respond to tumor development, constitute a major promise for so-called ‘precision oncology’. We document how immunological concepts, technologies, and practices are articulated given the centrality of genomics in ‘precision oncology’. We consider ‘precision immunotherapies’ to probe whether and how change ensues in these established sociotechnical regimes of biomedicine. The case of genomics and immunology in oncology offers a unique insight into the conditions of possibility for change in such regimes. How does the present new wave of cancer immunotherapies challenge, integrate, and complement the centrality of genomics in ‘precision oncology’? What are the specific processes that make possible the convergence, competition, or co-existence of distinct conceptions, infrastructures, and programs of innovative cancer medicine? Drawing from observations and interviews with researchers and clinicians, we qualify these sociotechnical processes as hybridizations. Bringing together different sociotechnical regimes of biomedical research is conditional to the articulation of core concepts, technologies, and translational practices of genomics and immunology. Pivotal to this objective are neoantigens, cell surface proteins originating from the somatic genetic mutations of tumors and which activate a patient’s immune response. While neoantigens are an unstable entity in experimentation, they offer a conceptual and material substrate to renegotiate the dominance of cancer genomics, and initiate the production of a new, hybrid regime of ‘immunogenomic precision’ in oncology.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hearts and minds: The technopolitical role of affect in sociotechnical imaginaries. 心与心：情感在社会技术想象中的技术政治作用。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241257489

Stephen Hughes

{"title":"Hearts and minds: The technopolitical role of affect in sociotechnical imaginaries.","authors":"Stephen Hughes","doi":"10.1177/03063127241257489","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241257489","url":null,"abstract":"Sociotechnical imaginaries (SIs) have emerged as a popular and generative concept within Science and Technology Studies (STS). This article draws out the affective component of SIs, combining a review of relevant literatures with an empirical case study of an anti-fracking imaginary in Ireland to suggest how we might theorize an affective technopolitics of SIs. The literature review identifies three key aspects of SIs that would benefit from a more coherent conceptualization of affect: the utopian, productive, and collectivizing dimensions of imaginaries. Emotions such as desire and fear appear prominently in the SI literature, but in ways that require development. Using empirical examples from my research, I outline what this developed understanding of emotions in imaginaries might look like. I examine the role that emotions played in the development and settlement of an anti-fracking imaginary in Ireland, highlighting how the intensive, multimodal, and dynamic nature of affect underpinned the productive, collective, and utopian dimensions of the SI. I conclude with some remarks about how this developed theory of emotion positions STS researchers to address issues of humanity, representation, and the building of better worlds.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"907-930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Population curation: The construction of mutual obligation between individual and state in Danish precision medicine. 人口策展：丹麦精准医疗中个人与国家之间相互义务的构建。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241255971

Iben M Gjødsbøl, Jeanette Bresson Ladegaard Knox, Lea Skovgaard, Mette N Svendsen

{"title":"Population curation: The construction of mutual obligation between individual and state in Danish precision medicine.","authors":"Iben M Gjødsbøl, Jeanette Bresson Ladegaard Knox, Lea Skovgaard, Mette N Svendsen","doi":"10.1177/03063127241255971","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241255971","url":null,"abstract":"How do precision medicine initiatives (re)organize relations between individuals and populations? In this article, we investigate how the curation of national genomic populations enacts communities and, in so doing, constructs mutual obligation between individuals and the state. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in the Danish National Genome Center (DNGC), we show how members of advisory bodies negotiated the inclusion criteria for two different genomic populations: a patient genome population and an envisioned 'Danish' reference genome population. The patient genome population was curated through a politics of inclusion, of as many genomes as possible, whereas the reference genome was to be curated through a politics of exclusion, to include only the genomes of 'ethnic' Danes. These two data populations configure differently the community of 'Danish patients' who might benefit from precision medicine, and thereby prescribe different moral continuities between person, state, and territory. We argue that the DNGC's patient genome population reinforces reciprocal relations of obligations and responsibility between the Danish welfare state and all individuals, while the proposed Danish reference genome population privileges the state's commitment to individuals with biographical-territorial belonging to the nation-state. Drawing on scholarship on social and health citizenship, as well as data solidarity in the Nordics, the discussion shows how population curation in national precision medicine initiatives might both construct and stratify political obligation. Whereas STS scholarship has previously deconstructed the concept of 'population', in the context of the troubling and violent effects of the management of human populations, we point to the importance of population curation as a vehicle for making the individual legible as part of a community to which the state is responsible and for which it is committed to care.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"883-906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cells and the city: The rise and fall of urban biopolitics in San Francisco, 1970-2020. 细胞与城市：1970-2020年旧金山城市生物政治的兴衰。

IF 2.9 2区社会学

Social Studies of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1177/03063127241261376

Andy Murray, Dennis Browe, Katherine Weatherford Darling, Jenny Reardon

{"title":"Cells and the city: The rise and fall of urban biopolitics in San Francisco, 1970-2020.","authors":"Andy Murray, Dennis Browe, Katherine Weatherford Darling, Jenny Reardon","doi":"10.1177/03063127241261376","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241261376","url":null,"abstract":"STS theories of biocapital conceptualize how biomedical knowledge and capital form together. Though these formations of biocapital often are located in large urban centers, few scholars have attended to how they are transforming urban spaces and places. In this paper we argue that the twinned technological development of cells and cities concentrates economic and symbolic capital and sets in motion contentious practices we name urban biopolitics. We draw on archival research and a nearly decade-long ethnography of the expansion of biomedical campuses in a major American city to show how the speculative logics of land development and biomedical innovation become bound together in a process we describe as speculative revitalization. We examine how the logics of speculative revitalization imagine a future in which cities and biomedicine produce wealth and health harmoniously together. However, in practice-as buildings of new biomedical urban campuses get built-the dreams of billionaire philanthrocapitalists to create global cities clash with the plans of biomedical researchers to create global health. We document the reproduction of stratified and racialized biomedical exclusions that result while also highlighting the unlikely opportunities for creating alliances committed to creating equitable biomedical research and healthcare in urban communities.","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"805-835"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141749597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0