Nanoscale Research Letters最新文献

{"title":"Deep-ultraviolet plasmon resonances on hybrid Si nanostructures for photoluminescence enhancement","authors":"Tao Liu,&nbsp;Haowen Chen,&nbsp;Wenxuan Liu,&nbsp;Huazhen Wu,&nbsp;Xing Zhen,&nbsp;Shasha Li,&nbsp;Lei Shao,&nbsp;Shao-Zhi Deng","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04324-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04324-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Deep ultraviolet (DUV) nanophotonic technologies are of vital importance for applications in biomedical sensing, advanced lithography, light sources, and optoelectronic devices. Plasmonic nanostructures with DUV resonance properties can generate highly confined optical fields. They therefore have great potential in amplifying spectral signals from molecules with intense vibronic transitions in the DUV region and improving the sensitivity of solar-blind detection. However, practical applications of DUV plasmonic structures are hindered by challenges such as oxidation, photo-induced damage, high material loss, and costly fabrication. Herein, we employ hybrid Si Fabry-Pérot nanoresonators constructed from random Si nanodisk arrays and a Si mirror to improve the DUV plasmonic properties of individual Si nanostructures. The hybrid nanoresonators exhibit strong resonance modes that are tunable in the DUV regime, resulting from the coupling between nanodisk plasmon resonances and Fabry-Pérot cavity modes. In addition, we fabricate centimeter-scale nanoresonator arrays that support distinct DUV plasmon resonances using a low-cost hole-mask colloidal lithography method. We further demonstrate that the hybrid Si nanoresonator substrate can enhance the molecular ultraviolet photoluminescence by a factor of up to 2.7. By combining the advantages of Si nanodisks’ DUV localized surface plasmon and Fabry-Pérot cavity resonances, our design offers a promising platform for molecular detection, solar-blind photodetection, and biosensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-025-04324-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly sensitive and selective colorimetric and plasmonic sensor of Fe2+ based on gold nanostructures biosynthesized with Opuntia joconostle fruit peel","authors":"Eric Reza-Sámano,&nbsp;Rosa Gómez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Alan Peñaloza-Garduño,&nbsp;Raúl A. Morales-Luckie,&nbsp;Oscar F. Olea-Mejía,&nbsp;María Guadalupe González-Pedroza,&nbsp;Victor Sánchez-Mendieta","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04333-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04333-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biogenic gold nanostructures have been obtained, for the first time, by bio-reduction of Au³⁺ ions with an aqueous extract of <i>Opuntia joconostle</i> fruit peel (Oj-AuNPs). This particular methodology is completely green, since room temperature was used, and no infusion preparation was required. The Oj-AuNPs exhibit a broad surface plasmon resonance (SPR) signal, with a maximum at 556 nm. SEM and TEM observations show Oj-AuNPs with mean size around 80 nm and raspberry-like morphologies, mainly, made of smaller nanoparticles glued by the biomass. When freshly prepared Oj-AuNPs solution is placed in contact with Fe²⁺, the solution changes from brown to a green-grayish color, being the only metal ion changing the Oj-AuNPs solution color among the other twelve metal ions probed, including Fe³⁺. Once the Fe²⁺ ions are detected, the SPR of the Oj-AuNPs becomes broader with a considerable red shift. Furthermore, smaller Au nanostructures, with better defined morphologies than those in the original Oj-AuNPs, are observed by TEM. Therefore, the conceivable mechanism of the naked eye and plasmonic detection of Fe²⁺ by Oj-AuNPs involves the disaggregation of the original larger gold nanostructures. Sensitivity studies of the Oj-AuNPs detection of Fe²⁺ were performed from 200 ppm to 0.1 ppb. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for Fe²⁺ are 0.023 and 0.079 ppb, respectively. Moreover, the Oj-AuNPs colorimetric sensor was effectively tested for highly sensitive detection of Fe²⁺ in tap water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-025-04333-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological and biochemical profiling of Carfilzomib-loaded Fe–Co MOFs","authors":"Mohammad Reza Hajinezhad,&nbsp;Mahmood Barani,&nbsp;Saman Sargazi","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04334-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04334-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, new medications like proteasome inhibitors (PIs) have significantly improved cancer patients’ response rate and overall survival. Carfilzomib (CFZ), a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, has shown promising results in clinical trials for treating multiple myeloma patients. In the current study, a Fe–Co metal-organic framework (MOF) was developed as a drug delivery system for targeted therapy of cancer cells. CFZ-loaded Fe–Co MOFs were synthesized and characterized using DLS, VSM, SEM-EDS, and BET analyses. The in vivo effects of CFZ-loaded Fe–Co MOFs were compared with standard drugs using a male Wistar rat model. Based on the results, DLS revealed a polydisperse size distribution, while VSM showed strong magnetic properties with 20 emu/g saturation magnetization. SEM-EDS confirmed a well-defined crystalline structure with uniform elemental distribution, and BET analysis indicated a mesoporous structure with a surface area of 84.984 m²/g. The MOFs demonstrated a high drug loading efficiency of 74.86% and a controlled release profile, with an initial burst followed by sustained release. When administered intravenously to rats, free CFZ at doses of 0.4 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg led to significant increases in serum liver enzymes, kidney function markers, and liver malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, high doses of CFZ-loaded Fe–Co MOFs caused significant histopathological changes in the rats. These findings provide a basis for further research on using Fe–Co MOFs as carriers of proteasome inhibitors like CFZ for targeted drug delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-025-04334-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144832192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of dental implant with hydroxyapatite coating by laser-induced hydrothermal synthesis: in vitro and in vivo experimental study","authors":"Jung-Tae Lee,&nbsp;Sungtae Kim,&nbsp;Sung-Ho Lee,&nbsp;Dong-Wook Han,&nbsp;Keonhee Lee,&nbsp;Sangyun Lee,&nbsp;Daehyeok Kwon,&nbsp;Kyungwoo Lee,&nbsp;Hojeong Jeon,&nbsp;Tae-Gon Jung,&nbsp;Bongju Kim","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04330-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04330-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Various surface modification techniques have been developed to improve the survival rate of dental implants. This study aimed to evaluate both in vitro and in vivo outcomes of implants coated with a nano/micro-assembled hydroxyapatite (HA) structure using a laser-induced single-step coating (LISSC) technique. Four types of implant surfaces were examined: machined surface implants (MA), sandblasted large-grit acid-etched implants (SLA), resorbable blasting media implants (RBM), and HA-coated implants (HA). In vitro analyses included surface morphology, surface hydrophilicity, and cell attachment. Twelve rabbits and two beagle dogs were used in the in vivo experiments. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured immediately after placement and again at sacrifice (rabbits: 3 and 6 weeks; beagles: 12 weeks), followed by histological evaluation and quantification of bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) and bone volume (BV%). ISQ values increased from the postoperative period to 6 or 12 weeks across all implant types. In vitro, surface roughness ranked as HA &gt; RBM &gt; SLA &gt; MA, while surface wettability ranked as RBM &gt; HA &gt; MA &gt; SLA. No significant differences were observed in initial cell adhesion or viability among the groups. In vivo, BV ranked as MA &gt; RBM &gt; SLA &gt; HA at 3 weeks, and MA &gt; HA &gt; RBM &gt; SLA at 6 weeks. BIC ranked as RBM &gt; MA &gt; SLA &gt; HA at 3 weeks and HA &gt; RBM &gt; SLA &gt; MA at 6 weeks. HA exhibited the greatest increases in both BV and BIC from 3 to 6 weeks. In beagles, ISQ at 12 weeks was higher than baseline for both SLA and HA, with HA demonstrating superior BV compared to SLA. Within the limitations of this preclinical study, HA-coated implants produced via the LISSC method demonstrated comparable or superior biological performance relative to conventional MA, SLA, and RBM surfaces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-025-04330-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous transport models for fluid classification: insights from an experimentally driven approach","authors":"Sara Bernardi,&nbsp;Paolo Begnamino,&nbsp;Marco Pizzi,&nbsp;Lamberto Rondoni","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04297-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04297-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, research and development in nanoscale science and technology have grown significantly, with electrical transport playing a key role. A natural challenge for its description is to shed light on anomalous behaviours observed in a variety of low-dimensional systems. We use a synergistic combination of experimental and mathematical modelling to explore the transport properties of the electrical discharge observed within a micro-gap based sensor immersed in fluids with different insulating properties. Data from laboratory experiments are collected and used to inform and calibrate four mathematical models that comprise partial differential equations describing different kinds of transport, including anomalous diffusion: the Gaussian Model with Time Dependent Diffusion Coefficient, the Porous Medium Equation, the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation and the Telegrapher Equation. Performance analysis of the models through data fitting reveals that the Gaussian Model with a Time-Dependent Diffusion Coefficient most effectively describes the observed phenomena. This model proves particularly valuable in characterizing the transport properties of electrical discharges when the micro-electrodes are immersed in a wide range of insulating as well as conductive fluids. Indeed, it can suitably reproduce a range of behaviours spanning from clogging to bursts, allowing accurate and quite general fluid classification. Finally, we apply the data-driven mathematical modeling approach to ethanol-water mixtures. The results show the model’s potential for accurate prediction, making it a promising method for analyzing and classifying fluids with unknown insulating properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-025-04297-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally friendly synthesis of quantum dots and their applications in diverse fields from the perspective of environmental compliance: A review","authors":"Houyi He,&nbsp;Shemin Deng,&nbsp;Yuyu Liu","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04323-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04323-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semiconductor Quantum-dots (QDs), characterized by their unique optoelectronic tunability, high efficiency, and multifunctionality, have emerged as transformative materials in diverse fields, including display technologies, energy conversion, solar cells, biomedical applications, and quantum technologies. With ongoing advancements in material synthesis and device engineering, the application scope of QDs is anticipated to expand further, thereby driving interdisciplinary technological innovations and fostering breakthroughs across multiple scientific fields. However, in recent years, the rapid development of Cd, Pb, and Hg-based QDs has raised significant environmental and biological concerns due to the inherent toxicity of these heavy metals. Consequently, these materials have been classified as restricted substances by major global entities, including international organizations, the European Union, and the United States, through international treaties and domestic legislation. To mitigate legal risks associated with environmental pollution, the development of non-toxic and environmentally friendly (eco-friendly) QDs has become imperative. This review focuses on several eco-friendly QDs, such as indium phosphide (InP), copper indium sulfide (CuInS₂), and graphene QDs (GQDs), from the perspective of environmental compliance. It comprehensively discusses their synthesis methods, application domains, and the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation techniques, along with their environmental impacts. Finally, the review summarizes the existing challenges, limitations, and potential solutions for the development of environmentally benign QDs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The refractive index of silver nanowire networks: a heuristic approach to the foundations of the optical constants, from experiment to theory","authors":"Amaury Baret,&nbsp;Julia Baumgarten,&nbsp;François Balty,&nbsp;Frédéric Rabecki,&nbsp;Jérémy Brisbois,&nbsp;Buyun Zheng,&nbsp;Daniel Bellet,&nbsp;Ngoc Duy Nguyen","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04312-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04312-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study employs Mie’s scattering theory and van de Hulst’s mixing model to predict the refractive indices (<i>n</i>, <i>k</i>) of silver nanowire (AgNW) networks in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths, allowing the comparison to the experimentally determined <i>k</i> spectra. Transmittance spectra calculated via the numerical resolution of Fresnel’s equations are compared to experimental data, showing excellent agreement, particularly for nanowires with larger diameters and at shorter wavelengths. These findings, both theoretical and empirical, pave the way for accurate optical simulations of metallic nanowire networks, supporting their integration into complex multilayer systems and devices such as displays or smart windows. Notably, our work proposes the first demonstration of the dominance of the metallic character of AgNW networks over their dielectric behavior in terms of optical response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional nanoparticles in endodontics: applications, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Una Ivković,&nbsp;Catalina Moreno-Rabié,&nbsp;Arn Mignon,&nbsp;Mostafa EzEldeen,&nbsp;Reinhilde Jacobs","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04314-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04314-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nanoparticles are emerging as transformative agents in endodontics, addressing challenges in treating the dentin-pulp complex. This scoping review aims to explore multifunctional applications of nanoparticles in endodontics, with a focus on their roles in promoting tissue regeneration through therapeutic effects, enhancing material properties, and serving a carrier function. Following PRISMA-Scoping Review guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. A total of 490 articles were initially identified, of which 92 met the preliminary eligibility criteria. Following full-text screening, 70 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Key findings from both in vitro and in vivo studies are summarized in tabular form. Results reveal a notable imbalance in the types of nanomaterials studied: inorganic nanomaterials were reported in 77% of the studies, while only 23% investigated organic nanomaterials. Despite their lower representation, organic nanomaterials demonstrated considerable relevance. Chitosan was reported in 29% of the carrier studies, while extracellular vesicles were featured in 22% of the therapeutic applications. Among inorganic materials, bioactive glass was frequently reported, appearing in 31% of enhancer-related studies, 26% of therapeutic studies, and 13% of those investigating carrier functions. The end applications of these nanoparticles were in 69% of the studies either (direct) pulp capping or root canal filling, highlighting the need for innovative materials in these applications. Regarding experimental models, 75% of the studies conducted in vitro research on relevant cell lines, while 25% employed animal models. Of those 25% in vivo studies, 18% also reported in vitro findings. Nanoparticles hold significant promise for transforming endodontics, offering enhanced antibacterial efficacy and bioactivity while addressing critical limitations of conventional materials. However, challenges remain regarding their long-term biocompatibility, scalability, and integration into clinical workflows. This review emphasizes the need for translational research to bridge the gap between laboratory innovations and clinical practice.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12331567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of 2H/1T/1T′ phase MoS2 optical nonlinearity","authors":"Hsuan-Sen Wang,&nbsp;Shih-Po Su,&nbsp;Yi-Hsuan Huang,&nbsp;Li-Wei Tu,&nbsp;Paritosh V. Wadekar,&nbsp;Hsiang-Chen Wang,&nbsp;Chao-Kuei Lee","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04321-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04321-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>2H and 1T/1T′ molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) are typical phases that can be found in crystalline and thin film materials. In this work, by controlling the atmosphere during thin film chemical vapor deposition, 2H or 1T/1T′ phase MoS₂ are grown separately. Additionally, by employing the Z-scan technique, the phase-dependent optical nonlinearity of MoS₂ is observed and investigated. The 2H phase-dominated few-layered MoS₂ shows clear reversed saturable absorption with a peak intensity reaching <span>(3.3 , text{GW}/{text{cm}}^{2})</span> 3.78 GW/cm², indicating extra higher-order nonlinear absorption. In contrast with the 2H phase, dominant single photon absorption is observed in the 1T/1T′ phase MoS₂. In addition, the nonlinear refractive index (n₂) of the two phases is characterized, exhibiting values of 1.82 × 10^–10 cm²/W (1T/1T′ phase) and − 4.82 × 10^–10 cm²/W (2H phase). This is the first time that the phase-dependent optical nonlinearity of MoS₂ has been distinguished. Meanwhile, the proposed methodology not only provides information on the differences between the phases but also serves as a guide for determining suitable phases in specific applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive visualisation of long-lasting brain metabolic alterations in murine pseudo-infection model using parahydrogen-polarised [1-13C] pyruvate MRI","authors":"Hayate Tomiyama,&nbsp;Masaki Yamasaki,&nbsp;Takayuki Isagawa,&nbsp;Norihiko Takeda,&nbsp;Takuya Hashimoto,&nbsp;Hiroshi Hirata,&nbsp;Shingo Matsumoto","doi":"10.1186/s11671-025-04304-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-025-04304-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long-lasting neurological issues, including cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression, that persist after recovery from acute inflammatory diseases, such as infections, have become a significant social problem, particularly following the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Various diagnostic techniques and biomarkers have been explored to objectively evaluate brain symptoms associated with infection–induced local or systemic inflammatory responses (i.e. immune fatigue); however, their detection capabilities remain limited. Here we investigated whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with a quantum-sensed molecule, parahydrogen-polarised [1-¹³C] pyruvate, could detect persistent brain metabolic alterations in a murine pseudo-infection model induced by polyinosinic–polycytidylic acid (Poly(I: C)), a Toll-like receptor 3 ligand. Significant alterations in brain pyruvate metabolism favouring glycolysis were observed in both the acute and late phases of the pseudo-infection model, with a 12.7% and 2.5% decrease in bicarbonate flux, and a 58.4% and 32.2% increase in lactate flux on day 3 and week 2, respectively. These brain metabolic changes were accompanied by diminished dopamine signal markers in the striatum and nigra/ventral tegmental areas and reduced spontaneous nocturnal locomotor activity. A biochemical analysis of energy metabolic markers consistently supported the reprogramming of brain glucose metabolism, showing the suppression of oxidative phosphorylation during the acute phase and promotion of glycolysis during the late phase of Poly(I: C) treatment. Hyperpolarised ¹³C MRI of pyruvate metabolism is a promising non-invasive imaging biomarker for brain issues during the late phase of systemic infections and other neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, particularly in conditions lacking discernible morphological abnormalities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}