Nanoscale Research Letters最新文献

{"title":"Effects of processing on the nanostructure and properties of cellulose nanofibers derived from fresh flower stems and leaves","authors":"Saori Tamura,&nbsp;Ryota Namba,&nbsp;Izuru Kawamura","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04537-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04537-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The flower industry generates substantial amounts of stem and leaf waste from non-standard or unsold flowers, which are often discarded as waste despite their potential as a renewable biomass resource. In this study, we investigated the upcycling of flower stem and leaf powder into cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) using two distinct isolation methods: TEMPO-mediated oxidation to produce TEMPO-oxidized CNFs (TCNFs) and mechanical disintegration to produce mechanically disintegrated CNFs (MCNFs). The morphology of the obtained nanofibers was examined using atomic force microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy, revealing that TCNFs exhibited thinner, more uniform fibrils with higher aspect ratios, whereas MCNFs displayed slightly thicker fibers with greater heterogeneity. Rheological measurements indicated shear-thinning and thixotropic behavior for both CNF suspensions, with viscosity primarily dependent on the concentration rather than the disintegration method. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared analyses confirmed the removal of hemicellulose and lignin in both samples, while TCNFs exhibited a characteristic peak for carboxyl groups at 175 ppm and 1605 cm⁻¹, reflecting TEMPO oxidation. NMR analysis revealed no significant differences between the crystallinity indices of the two CNF samples. These findings demonstrate that flower stems and leaves—an underutilized form of floral waste—can be effectively converted into CNFs with distinct structural and chemical characteristics, depending on the isolation strategy. This study highlights the potential of floral waste valorization as a sustainable technique to obtain nanocellulose for high-value applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04537-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147534853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser direct writing and Raman Stokes contrast screening of quantum emitter sites in hBN","authors":"Tadas Paulauskas,&nbsp;Julius Janušonis,&nbsp;Edgaras Markauskas,&nbsp;Viktorija Nargelienė,&nbsp;Vakaris Šilys,&nbsp;Ifra Bibi,&nbsp;Danielis Rutkauskas,&nbsp;Skirmantas Keršulis,&nbsp;Virginijus Bukauskas,&nbsp;Martynas Talaikis","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04530-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04530-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laser direct writing (LDW) enables the spatially defined creation of room-temperature single-photon emitters (SPEs) in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). However, the rapid characterization of written sites remains a bottleneck, and the available toolset for efficient screening is limited. Here, we demonstrate a streamlined LDW workflow utilizing single-shot pulses combined with a confocal screening technique that exploits the hBN E_2<i>g</i>​ Stokes line to rapidly localize and map laser-modified regions without relying a priori on defect photoluminescence (PL). This approach enables the direct correlation of site morphology with PL hotspots, revealing that the emergence of single-photon emitters coincides with a threshold regime of minimal lattice modification. Micro-Raman spectral mapping further uncovers localized compressive strain surrounding these emission sites. We classify the generated defects into two families: narrowband “red” emitters (650–750 nm) with weak phonon sidebands (PSB), and 600–650 nm emitters with stronger vibronic coupling, both exhibiting linear polarization and high single-photon purity. These results establish a practical protocol for rapid prototyping, offering a valuable addition to the characterization toolkit for scalable quantum nanophotonics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04530-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and optimization of highly sensitive and tunable nanostructure biosensor for heavy metal detection using machine learning","authors":"Yogesh Sharma,&nbsp;Trupti Kamani,&nbsp;Zaid Ahmed Shamsan,&nbsp;Shobhit K. Patel","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04538-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04538-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The third biggest concentration of metallic ions is traces of the element copper (Cu²⁺), which is crucial to all living creatures and plays a key role in several operations. However, deficiency or excessive copper ions may trigger a wide range of disorders, as determined by cellular requirements. To identify these factors, optical SPR-based refractive index sensors have emerged that concentrate on the swift identification of Cu2 + ions in the present moment, that has excellent selectivity and sensitivity. Here, this paper intends to design and discuss a Four-Quadrant Circular Grid Refractive Index Biosensor (FQCGRIB) with a machine learning approach for detecting heavy metals like Cu²⁺. The four-quadrant circular grid refractive index biosensor enhances conventional biosensor performance via improved accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and detection efficiency. significant sensitivity values of 719.85 nm/RIU, 763.35 nm/RIU, 761.90 nm/RIU, and 734.52 nm/RIU are achieved for n2cu²⁺, n3cu²⁺, n4cu²⁺, and n5cu²⁺, respectively. Simultaneously, a greater detection range of 1175.46, 1175.14, 1176.47, 1189.56, and 1180.59, along with a greater quality factor of 835.35 nm/RIU, 828.85 nm/RIU, 827.72 nm/RIU, 843.21 nm/RIU, and 828.57 nm/RIU, for the n1cu²⁺, n2cu²⁺, n3cu²⁺, n4cu²⁺, and n5cu²⁺, respectively, is obtained. In addition, the minimal achieved detection limit is 0.000932 for n4cu²⁺, and a greater figure of merit is 382.86 for n4cu²⁺. The high predicted value of 0.981494 has been achieved by the machine learning approach for Cu²⁺ ions, and the mean square error value of 0.001987 for Cu²⁺ ions. Along with the results, this sensor has a greater capability with compactness in detecting heavy metal ions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s11671-026-04538-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-powered finger motion sensing for piano training based on the ionic hydrogel triboelectric nanogenerator","authors":"Xuemei Zhang,&nbsp;Yimian Mi","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04511-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04511-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wearable sensing technologies have attracted increasing attention for real-time monitoring of human motion and physiological activities. In this study, a PTPAVI-Al³⁺ ionic conductive hydrogel-enabled triboelectric nanogenerator (PA-TENG) is designed as a multifunctional platform capable of converting mechanical stimuli into electrical signals for energy harvesting and autonomous finger joint motion sensing during music training. The PTPAVI-Al³⁺ ionic conductive hydrogel electrode features a hybrid architecture composed of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) framework and a covalently crosslinked poly(acrylamide-co-1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide-co-itaconic acid) (PA-VBI-IA) network, in which tannic acid (TA) and Al³⁺ ions cooperatively generate a dense supramolecular interaction network. This hierarchical structure endows the hydrogel with high stretchability, strong self-adhesion, excellent ionic conductivity, anti-swelling behavior, and mechanical robustness. A nylon/polydimethylsiloxane triboelectric pair is employed to assemble a vertical contact–separation PA-TENG, delivering a peak open-circuit voltage (V_OC) of 1080.6 V, a short-circuit current (I_SC) of 74.5 µA, and a maximum power output of 2.1 mW. Moreover, the PA-TENG enables accurate, self-powered monitoring of finger joint motion and applied force during piano training, demonstrating its potential for wearable sensing, skill training, and human–machine interaction applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in nanobiosensors for early cancer detection, challenges, treatment, and future prospects: a comprehensive review","authors":"Somya Rajput,&nbsp;Rekha Khandia,&nbsp;Trisha Gaur,&nbsp;Ananya Anant,&nbsp;Mohammad Amjad Kamal,&nbsp;Pankaj Gurjar,&nbsp;Sami A. Al-Hussain,&nbsp;Magdi E. A. Zaki","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04478-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04478-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer is one of the leading causes of global mortality. To reduce treatment costs, improve quality of life and increase survival outcomes for an individual, early detection of cancer is crucial. Advances in nanobiosensors offer point-of-care detection with high specificity and sensitivity for biomarkers associated with tumour detection. Such biosensors also support personalised approaches to cancer treatment. Some nanosensors might be developed as theranostics, where they deliver therapeutic molecules or aid in therapy via mechanisms like photothermal ablation, sonodynamic therapy or precise targeting of therapeutic molecule to the tumor site. A comprehensive review is presented where the latest advances in nanoparticle based sensors are discusses.</p><p>To examine emerging nanotechnology-driven biosensing approaches for cancer detection, a comprehensive review that encompass the detailed modus operandi and advantages and disadvantages and advancements in Nanoparticle-based biosensors, Paramagnetic nanoparticle-based biosensor, Quantum dots, Nano-shells-based biosensor, Gold nanoparticle-based biosensor, Nanowire-based biosensors, Nanorods, Carbon Nanotube Based Biosensors, Nanocantilever-based based biosensor, Nanocomposite based biosensors, NanoVelcro based biosensors, Nanozymes, and Amperometric Sensor is presented.</p><p>This review is based on a comprehensive analysis of published literature related to advanced nanomaterial-based biosensors for cancer diagnosis. Relevant research articles related to cancer detection, review papers, and reports were collected from scientific databases such as NCBI, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Keywords including nanobiosensors, nanocomposites, nanocantilevers, nanowires, carbon-nanotubes, cancer biomarkers, nanoparticles, aptamer-based sensors, nanomaterials, and nano-shells, were used to access literature. Articles which are published mainly within the last few years were prioritized to highlight recent advancements. Applications of various biosensors in detecting different cancer types also has been given. Only articles those are peer reviewed and published in English literature have been included.</p><p>Studies based on nanomaterials show that there is significant improvement in cancer detection. Additionally, the technology also enables early diagnosis, accurate imaging with the help of biomarkers, and targeted drug delivery. However, issues such as biocompatibility, clinical testing at a large scale, potential toxicity, and challenges related to its regulation remain some of its key limitations.</p><p>Nanotechnology has significantly improved early cancer diagnosis via using highly sensitive and specific nanobiosensors. Despite challenges related to safety, cost, and clinical translation, continued research is essential to realize its full potential in cancer diagnostics and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13013769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic advances in microbial nanobiotechnology and their applications in sustainable agriculture, environment and biomedicine","authors":"Mir Sajad Rabani,&nbsp;Meenakshi Shrivastav,&nbsp;Mudasir Fayaz,&nbsp;Anjali Pathak,&nbsp;Mahroof Khan,&nbsp;Sheikh Umar Bashir,&nbsp;Insha Hamid,&nbsp;Humaira Hussain,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Mahendra K. Gupta","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04509-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04509-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microbial nanobiotechnology represents a groundbreaking convergence of microbiology and nanotechnology offering sustainable and innovative solutions across diverse fields. This review explores the emerging trends in microbial nanobiotechnology with a focus on tools, applications, and challenges. Microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, and algae possess exceptional ability to biosynthesize nanoparticles through environmentally benign and cost-effective biochemical pathways. These biogenic nanoparticles, characterized by their controlled size, shape, and functional properties have demonstrated potential in biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery, imaging, and antimicrobial treatments. Furthermore, microbial nanotechnology plays a pivotal role in environmental remediation contributing to wastewater treatment and pollution control as well as in industrial applications such as agriculture and energy production. The review highlights the integration of advanced tools like genetic engineering, synthetic biology, which have revolutionized nanoparticle synthesis and characterization. However, significant challenges remain including scalability, biosafety, regulatory concerns, and ethical implications. Addressing these barriers is crucial for advancing microbial nanobiotechnology from research to commercial applications. By providing a comprehensive overview, this review aims to serve as a resource for researchers and practitioners offering insights into the future directions and multidisciplinary collaborations necessary for the growth of field. Microbial nanobiotechnology stands poised to address global challenges in health, environment, and industry marking a new frontier in science and technology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13009344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147505467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanostructured propolis ointment and platelet-rich plasma as novel biotherapeutics for cutaneous wound repair in an experimental canine model","authors":"Mona N. Wafy,&nbsp;Elham A. Hassan,&nbsp;Samar Saeed,&nbsp;Marwa S. Khattab,&nbsp;Huda O. AbuBakr,&nbsp;Aya M. Yassin,&nbsp;Ashraf M. Abu-Seida","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04482-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04482-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Effective management of cutaneous wounds is challenging in clinical practice. The present study aimed to investigate the relative efficacy and explore the potential differences of nanostructured propolis ointment, platelet rich plasma (PRP) and their combination in enhancing the healing of experimentally induced cutaneous defect in dog model. The study included 6 dogs with 6 skin wounds per dog. A 3-cm full-thickness skin wounds were surgically induced on the lateral thoracic walls. Wounds were randomly allocated to six treatment groups: control, lanolin (vehicle), nano-propolis, PRP, PRP-lanolin, and PRP-nano-propolis. Wound healing progression was evaluated clinically and histologically over 20 days using wound area measurements, epithelization, granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition. The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was immunohistochemically assessed. Biochemical markers including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), platelet growth factor beta (PDGF-β) levels were also evaluated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>PRP and PRP-nano-propolis groups exhibited significantly decreased granulation tissue formation and enhanced collagen maturation compared to controls and lanolin-treated wounds (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The combination of PRP and nano-propolis resulted in superior modulation of oxidative stress, with marked elevation in TNF-α expression and antioxidant levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The temporal pattern of TGF-β expression suggests that PRP alone rapidly induces cytokine, while propolis exerts a delayed but sustained effect, and their combination yields both early and prolonged upregulation. These synergistic dynamics underscore the potential of bio-enhanced PRP formulations, particularly those incorporating nano-propolis, in accelerating and sustaining cutaneous wound healing. Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings supported these observations, indicating accelerated tissue regeneration and remodeling.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The application of nano-propolis and PRP, particularly in combination, significantly promotes cutaneous wound healing through enhanced antioxidant activity, and improved tissue repair mechanisms. These findings support their therapeutic potential and warrant further investigation in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147494846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertical deposition method of gold nanorods at the anodic interface for enhanced organic solar cell performance","authors":"Alaa Y. Mahmoud,&nbsp;Walaa Al-masri","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04516-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04516-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we presented a straightforward and cost-effective strategy to enhance the photovoltaic performance of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6] -phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) bulk-heterojunction solar cells by incorporating gold nanorods (GNRs), with tunable densities and orientations, into the anodic layer. GNRs with an aspect ratio of approximately 4, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, were synthesised via a seed-mediated growth route and integrated by vertically deposition beneath the anodic layer using a simple solution-based process for various durations (10–60 min). Deposition time controlled the density and alignment of nanorods, influencing light-harvesting and charge-generation efficiencies. Optical, morphological, and electrical characterizations confirmed that this approach provided reproducible plasmonic enhancement without the need for sophisticated nanofabrication. The optimal performance occurred after 30-min deposition, yielding a 42% increase in power-conversion efficiency due to a 30.0% and 10% improvement in fill factor and short-circuit current density, respectively, compared with control devices. Spectral analysis revealed an 11% absorption increase in the active layer due to localized surface plasmon resonance and forward-scattering. This simple plasmonic-enhancement method improves optical absorption and charge generation without complex lithography or high-cost materials, demonstrating that plasmonic GNRs can serve as an effective light-management and charge-generation strategy for improving the efficiency of polymer:fullerene organic solar cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13004802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive modeling for the mean diameter of carbon nanotubes produced by methane decomposition","authors":"Shahad Almansour,&nbsp;Lulwah M. Alkwai,&nbsp;Kusum Yadav,&nbsp;Basem Abu Zneid,&nbsp;Fatimah Pashtun","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04512-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04512-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The catalytic decomposition of methane represents an efficient route for carbon nanotube (CNT) synthesis, yet the quantitative prediction of CNT mean diameter under multivariate processing conditions remains challenging. This study aims to develop and compare a suite of data‑driven models capable of capturing the nonlinear correlations among compositional and operational parameters governing CNT growth. A dataset of 66 experimental entries from peer‑reviewed sources was compiled, including 16 catalysts and reaction‑related variables numerically encoded and normalized before modeling. Neural networks (ANN and CNN), kernel, linear, and nine ensemble regression algorithms were optimized via systematic hyperparameter tuning and evaluated using R², MSE, and MRD% metrics across training, testing, and validation stages. Outlier analysis confirmed the statistical integrity and balanced diversity of the dataset, supporting robust learning and generalization. Among the models, Gradient Boosting and Random Forest achieved nearly perfect predictive fidelity (R² ≈ 0.999, MSE &lt; 0.35, MRD ≈ 2%), followed by CatBoost, Gaussian Process, and CNN with high yet slightly variable accuracy. Linear regressors yielded moderate fits with limited nonlinear adaptability, while instance‑based (KNN) and structural (DT) models exhibited partial overfitting. SHAP interpretability of CatBoost output revealed Mo, CeO₂, and reduction parameters as the most influential variables controlling nanotube diameter, linking model predictions to catalytic chemistry. The integrated modeling strategy provides a transparent and highly accurate pathway for predictive CNT morphological control, establishing ensemble‑based algorithms as effective tools for catalytic nanomaterial optimization and design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13000054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating topological indices and entropy measures for titanium diboride network","authors":"Rimsha Saher,&nbsp;Hani Shaker,&nbsp;Imran Zulfiqar Cheema,&nbsp;Muhammad Kamran Siddiqui,&nbsp;Fikre Bogale Petros","doi":"10.1186/s11671-026-04488-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11671-026-04488-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Titanium diboride is a high performance ceramic material with excellent hardness, wear resistance and electrical conductivity, which has important applications in aerospace, defense, and high temperature materials. In this work, we conducted a computational analysis of the structural properties of its network based on graph-theoretical indices for connectivity and information content. We study model the crystal lattice of the material as a molecular graph to investigate how network size affects structure complexity and diversity. The lattice is characterized with descriptors based on entropy that quantify trends of disorder, uniformity, and coordination. Python algorithms make these structural properties automatically computable, both in real time and over huge amounts of data, and reproducible (synthetically or in simulations). The results exhibit clear trends that differentiate highly variable structure regions from more repetitive and stable ones, revealing the contribution of the connectivity on the macroscopic behavior. The computational methodology developed provides a quantitative background for interpreting the structural features of titanium diboride and can be applied to study other problems in materials science and nanotechnology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51136,"journal":{"name":"Nanoscale Research Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12996450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}