Pablo Rodríguez-Doyágüez, Motornaya-Morozova, Patricia Martínez-Miguel, Carolina Castillo-Torres, Óscar Toldos-González, Juan José Gil-Fernández
{"title":"Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: An atypical presentation of Waldenström's disease.","authors":"Pablo Rodríguez-Doyágüez, Motornaya-Morozova, Patricia Martínez-Miguel, Carolina Castillo-Torres, Óscar Toldos-González, Juan José Gil-Fernández","doi":"10.5414/CNCS111200","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CNCS111200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waldenström's disease is a rare lymphoproliferative syndrome in the bone marrow and sometimes in lymphoid organs which secretes high amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin M into serum. It can remain indolent for years and rarely affects the kidney, with intraglomerular rather than intratubular damage being predominant, in contrast to multiple myeloma. Different studies identified AL amyloidosis as the most frequent renal lesion, followed by cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. Signs and symptoms may be unspecific, as well as renal manifestations, so collaboration between nephrologists, hematologists, and pathologists is crucial to establish the role of paraprotein in the development of renal damage. We present an atypical case of Waldenström's disease that had a minimal monoclonal peak and clinically debuted with nephritic and nephrotic syndromes. The diagnosis was cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. Currently, there are numerous treatment options, without enough evidence yet to establish a standardised treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":510898,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nephrology. Case studies","volume":"12 ","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10862989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139731451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie Bech Jensen, Eva Gravesen, Sidse Graff Jensen, Iain Bressendorff
{"title":"A case report of atypical anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis associated with Mycobacterium Avium.","authors":"Julie Bech Jensen, Eva Gravesen, Sidse Graff Jensen, Iain Bressendorff","doi":"10.5414/CNCS111254","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CNCS111254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the case of a woman with atypical anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) nephritis associated with concurrent pulmonary infection with <i>Mycobacterium avium</i>. A kidney biopsy showed crescentic glomerulonephritis with 50% active crescents and linear IgG staining, but no circulating anti-GBM antibodies were detected, and the patient did not have pulmonary hemorrhage. Despite treatment with a triple-regimen of antibiotics, corticosteroids, and plasmapheresis, the patient did not regain kidney function. One year later she is on maintenance dialysis and has still not cleared the infection with <i>M. avium</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":510898,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nephrology. Case studies","volume":"12 ","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chelsea Guymer, Sadia Jahan, Bobak Bahrami, David Sia, Bee Qung Tan, Stephen McDonald, Sumu Simon
{"title":"Calciphylaxis, beware the ophthalmic mimic: A case series.","authors":"Chelsea Guymer, Sadia Jahan, Bobak Bahrami, David Sia, Bee Qung Tan, Stephen McDonald, Sumu Simon","doi":"10.5414/CNCS111088","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CNCS111088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We present two atypical cases of calciphylaxis presenting with ocular ischemic pathology - both without the hallmark cutaneous manifestations - to raise awareness of this rare yet highly disabling condition.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>We report two cases of ophthalmic calciphylaxis presenting as (1) anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) and cilioretinal artery occlusion in a 76-year-old woman with pre-dialysis kidney failure, and (2) AION with contralateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a 44-year-old man on hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and importance: </strong>These cases highlight the need for judicious clinical suspicion of calciphylaxis in patients with kidney failure, presenting with microvascular ischemic ophthalmic pathology such as AION or CRAO. Confirmation with temporal artery biopsy is essential to direct targeted individualized multi-disciplinary treatment of calciphylaxis and avoid unnecessary steroid exposure in cases masquerading as giant cell arteritis (GCA).</p>","PeriodicalId":510898,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nephrology. Case studies","volume":"11 ","pages":"136-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lina Bruns, Linus Völker, Robert Klamroth, Martin K Kuhlmann, Wolfram J Jabs
{"title":"Concomitant presentation of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, immune thrombocytopenia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a patient with newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Lina Bruns, Linus Völker, Robert Klamroth, Martin K Kuhlmann, Wolfram J Jabs","doi":"10.5414/CNCS111193","DOIUrl":"10.5414/CNCS111193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thrombocytopenia is always of concern when encountered in emergency settings. We report a case of a 29-year-old women in whom a unique constellation of hematological disorders occurred. The patient had been diagnosed with idiopathic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in 2007, with a history of several thrombocytopenic flares. She now presented with homonymous hemianopia accompanied by thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and was soon after diagnosed with a posterior stroke. Symptoms were more reminiscent of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) rather than ITP. Immediate treatment with plasma exchange and caplacizumab curtailed MAHA, and progressive ischemic disease was averted. ADAMTS-13 testing confirmed the diagnosis of immune-mediated aTTP. Repeated testing for ITP, however, also showed IgG-loaded thrombocytes with the former known anti-GPIIb/IIIa specificity. Furthermore, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) could be detected by direct antiglobulin test showing IgG and complement loading of the patient's erythrocytes. The autoimmune background of all three entities suggested an underlying systemic disease. Indeed, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) serology was strongly positive allowing for the diagnosis of SLE. ITP and AIHA as well as aTTP can be secondary to SLE, but emergence of all three disorders has not been reported at the same time.</p>","PeriodicalId":510898,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nephrology. Case studies","volume":"11 ","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10759207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139089897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}