Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition最新文献_第9页

Spontaneous object recognition memory is maintained following transformation of global geometric properties. 在对全局几何属性进行变换后，保持了自发的物体识别记忆。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-12-03 DOI: 10.1037/a0030698

Steven L Poulter, Yutaka Kosaki, Alexander Easton, Anthony McGregor

引用次数: 12

Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: paradoxical effects of the Pavlovian relationship explained. 巴甫洛夫-工具迁移:巴甫洛夫关系的矛盾效应解释。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-12-03 DOI: 10.1037/a0030594

Sabrina R Cohen-Hatton, Josephine E Haddon, David N George, R C Honey

{"title":"Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer: paradoxical effects of the Pavlovian relationship explained.","authors":"Sabrina R Cohen-Hatton, Josephine E Haddon, David N George, R C Honey","doi":"10.1037/a0030594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030594","url":null,"abstract":"Four experiments with rats examined the origin of outcome-selective Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). Experiment 1 used a standard procedure, where outcomes were embedded within extended conditioned stimuli (CSs), to demonstrate the basic effect: Pavlovian stimuli augmented instrumental lever presses that had been paired with the same outcomes. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that after instrumental conditioning, whereas a conditioned stimulus (CS) trained using a backward conditioning procedure produced outcome-selective PIT, forward conditioning with a CS did not. These results are consistent with the idea that backward conditioning results in the outcome provoking its associated instrumental response during the CS and thereby allows a stimulus-response association to be acquired that directly generates outcome-selective PIT at test. Experiment 4 provided direct support for the assumptions that underlie this stimulus-response analysis. These results, and other paradoxical effects of the Pavlovian relationship, are incongruent with accounts of outcome-selective PIT that rely on a stimulus-outcome-response chain.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0030594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31095073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Assessing the encoding specificity of associations with sensory preconditioning procedures. 评估与感觉预处理程序相关的编码特异性。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/a0030662

Tzu-Ching E Lin, Natasha M Dumigan, Dominic M Dwyer, Mark A Good, R C Honey

{"title":"Assessing the encoding specificity of associations with sensory preconditioning procedures.","authors":"Tzu-Ching E Lin, Natasha M Dumigan, Dominic M Dwyer, Mark A Good, R C Honey","doi":"10.1037/a0030662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030662","url":null,"abstract":"Three experiments examined the encoding specificity of associations using sensory preconditioning procedures in rats. In Experiment 1a, after exposure to two compounds (AX and BY), X (but not Y) was either followed by shock after a trace interval (Group Trace) or immediately followed by shock (Group Immediate). AX elicited less activity than BX (i.e., more fear) in Group Trace, but equivalent activity levels in Group Immediate. These results, replicated using a within-subjects design in Experiment 1b, indicate that the presence of A (on AX trials) generates fear because it associatively evokes X's memory into the same state as it was associated with the shock during (trace) conditioning. In Experiment 2, after exposure to AX and BY, X (but not Y) was immediately followed by shock. As in Experiment 1a, presentations of AX and BX elicited equivalent levels of fear, but there was more fear in the trace period after AX than in the trace period after BX. This finding suggests that during aversive conditioning, the associatively provoked memory of A was part of the conditioned complex, and that the trace of AX was more likely to activate this memory than was the trace of BX.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0030662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31158827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Outcome value influences attentional biases in human associative learning: dissociable effects of training and instruction. 结果值影响人类联想学习中的注意偏差:训练和指导的可分离效应。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/a0031230

Mike E Le Pelley, Chris J Mitchell, Ameika M Johnson

引用次数: 25

Extinction arouses attention to the context in a behavioral suppression method with humans. 在人类行为抑制方法中，灭绝引起了对情境的关注。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/a0030759

James Byron Nelson, Jeffrey A Lamoureux, Samuel P León

{"title":"Extinction arouses attention to the context in a behavioral suppression method with humans.","authors":"James Byron Nelson, Jeffrey A Lamoureux, Samuel P León","doi":"10.1037/a0030759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030759","url":null,"abstract":"One experiment assessed predictions from the attentional theory of context processing (ATCP, J. M. Rosas, J. E. Callejas-Aguilera, M. M. Ramos-Álvarez, & M. J. F. Abad, 2006, Revision of retrieval theory of forgetting: What does make information context-specific? International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy, Vol. 6, pp. 147-166) that extinction arouses attention to contextual stimuli. In a video-game method, participants learned a biconditional discrimination (RG+/BG-/RY-/BY+) either after extinction of another stimulus had occurred, or not. When contextual stimuli were relevant to solving the discrimination (i.e., all RG+/BG- trials occurred in one context and all RY-/BY+ in another), prior extinction of another stimulus facilitated the discrimination, as if extinction enhanced attention to the contexts. Results are discussed briefly in terms of ATCP and the model of N. A. Schmajuk, Y. W. Lam, & J. A. Gray (1996, Latent inhibition: A neural network approach, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, Vol. 22, pp. 321-349).","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0030759","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31158829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Pigeons prefer discriminative stimuli independently of the overall probability of reinforcement and of the number of presentations of the conditioned reinforcer. 鸽子喜欢独立于强化的总体概率和条件强化的呈现次数的判别刺激。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/a0030321

Jessica P Stagner, Jennifer R Laude, Thomas R Zentall

{"title":"Pigeons prefer discriminative stimuli independently of the overall probability of reinforcement and of the number of presentations of the conditioned reinforcer.","authors":"Jessica P Stagner, Jennifer R Laude, Thomas R Zentall","doi":"10.1037/a0030321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030321","url":null,"abstract":"When pigeons are given a choice between two alternatives, one leading to a stimulus 20% of the time that always signals reinforcement (S+) or another stimulus 80% of the time that signals the absence of reinforcement (S-) and the other alternative leading to one of two stimuli each signaling reinforcement 50% of the time, the 20% reinforcement alternative is preferred although it provides only 40% as much reinforcement. In Phase 1 of the present experiment, we tested the hypothesis that pigeons compare the S+ associated with each alternative and ignore the S- by giving them a choice between two pairs of discriminative stimuli (20% S+, 80% S- and 50% S+, 50% S-). Reinforcement theory suggests that the alternative associated with more reinforcement should be preferred but the pigeons showed indifference. In Phase 2, the pigeons were divided into two groups. For one group, the discriminative function was removed from the 50% reinforcement alternative and a strong preference for the 20% reinforcement alternative was found. For the other group, the discriminative function was removed from both alternatives and a strong preference was found for the 50% reinforcement alternative. Thus, the indifference found in Phase 1 was not due to the absence of discriminability of the differential reinforcement associated with the two alternatives (20% vs. 50% reinforcement); rather, the indifference can be attributed to the pigeons' insensitivity to the differential frequency of the two S+ and two S- stimuli. The relevance to human gambling behavior is discussed.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0030321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30977564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Remembering kith and kin is underpinned by rapid memory updating: implications for exemplar theory. 记忆的快速更新是记忆的基础:对范例理论的启示。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2012-10-01 Epub Date: 2012-08-06 DOI: 10.1037/a0029518

Robert C Honey, Matthew E Mundy, Dominic M Dwyer

引用次数: 4

When does integration of independently acquired temporal relationships take place? 独立获得的时间关系的整合何时发生?

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2012-10-01 Epub Date: 2012-08-20 DOI: 10.1037/a0029379

Mikael Molet, Gonzalo Miguez, Henry X Cham, Ralph R Miller

{"title":"When does integration of independently acquired temporal relationships take place?","authors":"Mikael Molet, Gonzalo Miguez, Henry X Cham, Ralph R Miller","doi":"10.1037/a0029379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029379","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research has found that when subjects independently acquire 2 associations with a common element (e.g., S1-S2 and S2-US), each with its own temporal relationship, they behave as if the 2 unique cues (i.e., S1 and US) have a known temporal relationship despite their never having been paired. This is interpreted as indicative of temporal integration of the memories acquired during Phase 1 and Phase 2 of training based on the element common to both experiences (i.e., S2). There are 2 times at which such integration of independent temporal relationships could plausibly occur: at the time of acquisition of the second relationship or at the time of testing. Three lick-suppression experiments with rats were performed to determine when integration occurs. This question of the moment of temporal integration was assessed by extinguishing the mediating element (S2) between learning of the second temporal relationship and testing of S1. Experiment 1 (using sensory preconditioning) and Experiment 2 (using second-order conditioning) found that this manipulation interfered with behavioral control by S1, suggesting that temporal integration occurred at the time of testing. Experiment 3 used spontaneous recovery, a hallmark phenomenon of extinction, to confirm that the S2-alone presentations in Experiments 1 and 2 attenuated integration as a result of extinction of S2. Implications for the temporal coding hypothesis (e.g., Savastano & Miller, 1998) are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0029379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30845361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Avoidance but not aversion following sensory preconditioning with flavors: a challenge to stimulus substitution. 味觉预处理后的回避而非厌恶:对刺激替代的挑战。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2012-10-01 Epub Date: 2012-09-17 DOI: 10.1037/a0029784

D M Dwyer, K V Burgess, R C Honey

{"title":"Avoidance but not aversion following sensory preconditioning with flavors: a challenge to stimulus substitution.","authors":"D M Dwyer, K V Burgess, R C Honey","doi":"10.1037/a0029784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029784","url":null,"abstract":"After two neutral stimuli have been paired (AB), directly conditioning a response to one of them (A) will also be reflected in a change in responding to the other (B). Standard accounts of this sensory preconditioning effect assume that it is mediated by a memory involving the stimulus that was directly conditioned (i.e., A). The reliance on this shared pathway implies that sensory preconditioning (involving B) and direct conditioning (involving A) should support qualitatively similar patterns of responding. In three experiments, directly pairing A with lithium chloride (LiCl) delivery resulted in both a reduction in consumption of A (i.e., avoidance) and a reduction in the size of licking clusters it elicits (i.e., aversion). In contrast, the sensory preconditioning effect resulted in a reduction in the consumption of B but no change in the nature of the licking response that it elicited; and a similar dissociation was observed after trace conditioning. These dissociations involving direct conditioning and sensory preconditioning, observed over a range of flavor concentrations and different doses of LiCl, undermine standard accounts of sensory preconditioning that are based on the assumption of stimulus substitution.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0029784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30912241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Two ways to deepen extinction and the difference between them. 加深灭绝的两种方式以及它们之间的区别。

IF 1.3 4区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition Pub Date : 2012-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/a0030201

Hiu Tin Leung, Leanne M Reeks, R Frederick Westbrook

{"title":"Two ways to deepen extinction and the difference between them.","authors":"Hiu Tin Leung, Leanne M Reeks, R Frederick Westbrook","doi":"10.1037/a0030201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030201","url":null,"abstract":"A series of experiments used rats to compare and contrast the effects of subjecting an already extinguished target conditioned stimulus (CS) to additional extinction in compound with either another extinguished or a nonextinguished CS. Exposure to either compound restored responding and their extinction deepened the loss of fear responses (freezing) to the target relative to a CS given equivalent extinction in isolation. This deepening was greater to the target extinguished in compound with the nonextinguished than with the extinguished CS. Summation tests showed that the target suppressed responding to an excitor or an excitatory context when it had been extinguished in compound with a nonextinguished but not with an extinguished CS. The results were interpreted to mean that additional extinction in compound with another extinguished CS resulted in the target acquiring the additional inhibition required to more fully oppose its original excitation. In contrast, additional extinction in compound with a nonextinguished CS resulted in the target acquiring not only the additional inhibition required to oppose its original excitation but also that of the nonextinguished CS, thereby converting the target into a net inhibitor.","PeriodicalId":51088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Animal Learning and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1037/a0030201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30977562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27