{"title":"A Wideband Dual-Polarized Saucer-Shaped ME-Dipole Antenna Array for 5G/6G Millimeter-Wave Applications","authors":"Lei Xiang;Kunpeng Wei;Wei Wang;Wanbo Xie","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580418","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a new wideband dual-polarized (DP) magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna is proposed for the millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communications. Innovatively, a dual-layer saucer-shaped ME-dipole is first designed for achieving a wide DP impedance bandwidth of 53% (23.7 GHz to 40.8 GHz), while maintaining a compact element size of 3.5 mm×3.5 mm×1.1 mm. Besides, the antenna also exhibits a flat gain response with a peak gain of 7.2 dBi and stable radiation patterns characterized by low cross-polarization levels below −20 dB. To demonstrate the reliability of the proposed concept, a 1 × 4 DP antenna array prototype is then implemented, manufactured, and measured. The broad measured impedance bandwidth of 50.5% (24.4 GHz to 40.9 GHz) with a peak gain of up to 12.4 dBi is achieved. Convincing experimental results corroborate the effectiveness of these designs. The exhibited performance metrics including wideband, stable radiation, compact size, high system integration, easy assembling, low cost, and so on, distinguish the proposed antenna array as a prospective choice for diverse burgeoning fifth and sixth-generation (5G/6G) mmWave applications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3039-3043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization-Reconfigurable Low-Profile Antenna Array With 2-Bit Phase Resolution for Beam-Scanning Application","authors":"Yaohui Niu;Xiuping Li;Wenyu Zhao;Zihang Qi","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579681","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a polarization-reconfigurable low-profile antenna array with 2-bit phase resolution is proposed for beam-steering applications. A center-fed, center-symmetric patch is proposed to achieve a compact 1-bit multipolar patch design. Fishbone-shaped slots and interdigital capacitors are introduced to optimize impedance matching and far-field radiation. By integrating the radiating element with a 1-bit feed network, the design enables four types of linear polarization (LP) and dual circular polarization (CP) radiation with 2-bit phase resolution, all within a low-profile structure. As each element enables 2-bit phase and polarization reconfiguration, the array’s beam direction and polarization types can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the coding sequence. Based on the 2-bit polarized reconfigurable element, an 8 × 8 reconfigurable 2-bit antenna array is fabricated and tested to verify the beam-scanning performance of the antenna at the polarization of <inline-formula><tex-math>$x$</tex-math></inline-formula>-pol. LP, <inline-formula><tex-math>$y$</tex-math></inline-formula>-pol. LP, <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 45<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>-pol. LP, and dual CP, respectively. The measured results agree well with the simulated results.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3014-3018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perturbation-Free Circularly Polarized Annular Sector Patch Antenna Under Resonance of Multiple Nondegenerate Modes","authors":"Fei-Yan Ji;Wen-Jun Lu;Xiao-Hui Mao;Lei Zhu","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580059","url":null,"abstract":"Circularly polarized (CP) microstrip annular sector patch antennas (MASPAs) with adjustable 3 dB axial ratio beamwidth (ARBW) under resonance of nondegenerate modes are proposed. Within an annular sector patch radiator with both inner and outer circumferences to be short-circuited, the odd-symmetric, circumferentially resonant TM<sub>π/</sub><italic><sub>α</sub></i><sub>,1</sub> mode and the even-symmetric, radially resonant TM<sub>01</sub> mode are simultaneously excited to yield dual-mode resonant MASPAs without additional perturbations in an asymmetrically fed manner. The equal amplitude and self-phase-shift conditions for circularly polarized operation are theoretically deduced and employed to design different dual-mode resonant MASPAs on air substrate for validations. The squint CP angle <italic>θ<sub>t</sub></i> and adjustable ARBW are distinctive to conventional microstrip patch antennas under resonance of a pair of degenerate modes. In this sense, the fabricated MASPA successfully exhibits 3 dB AR bandwidths of 4.5% and maximum 3 dB ARBW of 110°, while keeping the simplest single-layer, single-fed configuration without incorporating additional perturbed stubs, slits or pins.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3024-3028"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Millimeter-Wave Low-Sidelobe and Wide-Angle Beam-Scanning Phased Array Based on Amplitude and Phase Controllable Shorted Patch Pairs","authors":"Yunfei Cao;Junqi Wang;Wenjie Feng;Quan Xue","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3580258","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes a novel element-level amplitude and phase control method to achieve a millimeter-wave wide-angle beam-scanning phased array with low sidelobe. A beam-steerable antenna element is realized by feeding a pair of shorted patches with two separate ports. The main novelty is that the main-beam direction and radiation-null position of the proposed antenna pair can be tuned by controlling the excitation phase and amplitude of two ports, respectively. No active RF switch or varactor with dc biasing circuit is required. Furthermore, a millimeter-wave phased array is made up using proposed beam-steerable antenna pairs. By controlling the element-level amplitude and phase together with the array factor, the beam-scanning angle of the array is enhanced, and the sidelobe level is simultaneously suppressed in the process of beam scanning. The proposed array achieves a high peak gain of 13.1 dBi and a wide scanning range of ±70°, maintaining a low sidelobe level of smaller than −10 dB in the frequency band of 26 GHz to 30 GHz. Compared with previous related works, the advantage of the proposed array lies in high gain, simple structure, wide-angle beam scanning capability and good sidelobe suppression.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3029-3033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiband, Shorted, Metallic-Plate Dipole Antenna for Wi-Fi 8 and 6G Upper Mid-Band Operation","authors":"Saou-Wen Su;Tung-Chan Yu;Ju-Cheng Huang;Hao-Yu Chuang;Jun-Wei Zheng","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579788","url":null,"abstract":"A shorted, metallic-plate dipole antenna capable of functioning in the (2.4, 5, 6) GHz Wi-Fi 8 bands and the 6G upper mid-band in the 7125 MHz to 8400 MHz range is proposed. The antenna structure consists of symmetrical dipole arms, tuning slots, and a shorting portion, all built on a single flat metallic plate of 0.2 mm thickness and with dimensions of 12 mm × 35 mm. The dipole design can operate at the 0.5 λ, 1.5 λ, and 2.5 λ dipole resonances. The first resonant mode contributes to the lower band for 2.4 GHz operation, while the two higher-order modes form a wide frequency range of 5150 MHz to 8400 MHz for (5, 6) GHz Wi-Fi bands and also the 7 GHz to 8 GHz range of the 6G upper mid-band. With a small width of 0.096 λ at 2.4 GHz and the antenna feeding using the small coaxial cable, various antenna-placement possibilities can be expected for practical applications inside the communication devices.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3019-3023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ka-Band Single-Layered, Wideband Circularly Polarized Array With Multilevel E-Plane Waveguide Sequential Rotation Network","authors":"Zheng Liu;Yingrui Yu;Shi- Shan Qi;Wen Wu","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579622","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a single-layered broadband circularly polarized (CP) slot array is presented for millimeter-wave wireless applications, which is realized by sequentially rotating linearly polarized <italic>E</i>-plane waveguide-fed slot subarrays. The presented subarray consists of four open-ended radiating cavities with surface-etched grooves to suppress the unwanted parasitic current distributions. The introduced grooves can be equalized as secondary radiation sources, thus improving the gain of the subarray and the entire CP array while suppressing the sidelobes. To realize wideband CP radiation, wideband compact multilevel <italic>E</i>-plane waveguide sequential rotation network (SRN) is implemented. Compared with conventional multi-layered full-metal CP arrays, compact <italic>E</i>-plane waveguide is introduced to combine the multilevel SRN and multiple radiators in the same layer while realizing a much wider axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. For demonstration, an 8 × 8 CP array with a multilevel SRN was fabricated and measured, exhibiting an impedance bandwidth of 37.62% (25.9 GHz to 37.9 GHz) and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 43.75% (25 GHz to 39 GHz). The proposed single-layered CP array own the advantages of wideband, compact size, and high efficiency, which is a promising candidate for <italic>Ka</i>-band wireless applications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3009-3013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Low-Profile Tightly Coupled Dipole Linear Array With High Cross-Polarization Discrimination (XPD)","authors":"Tong Wu;Fanchao Zeng;Xiaodong Yang;Zhiya Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579564","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposed a dual-polarized tightly coupled dipole linear array (TCDLA) with high cross-polarization discrimination (XPD). Building upon conventional TCDLA architectures, this work develops enhanced configurations through capacitive coupling structures and matching material loading to broaden operational bandwidth. A dual-layer ground structure is implemented to achieve lower profile characteristics. For the first time, an interleaved array configuration is proposed to address the inherent poor XPD caused by asymmetric array distribution in conventional TCDLA. At last, 5.7:1 bandwidth ratio (0.35 GHz to 2 GHz) with 60° maximum scan angle is obtained by the proposed antenna, and its XPD exceeds 20 dB across the entire operating band.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3004-3008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Davide Guarnera;Santi C. Pavone;Andrea Morabito;Loreto Di Donato;Tommaso Isernia;Gino Sorbello
{"title":"A Two-Steps Optimal Full-Wave Design of Slotted Arrays for Arbitrarily Constrained Pencil Beams","authors":"Davide Guarnera;Santi C. Pavone;Andrea Morabito;Loreto Di Donato;Tommaso Isernia;Gino Sorbello","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579550","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a method for the full-wave design of slotted arrays for maximally focused beam with arbitrarily given upper bound constraints on the sidelobes is described and validated. In particular, the pattern synthesis problem is reduced to the solution of a convex programming problem followed by an optimization of the slot positions and/or dimensions, which is obtained by interfacing an in-house developed optimization algorithm with an electromagnetic computer-aided design (CAD). In total, three design examples are reported to show the effectiveness and the generality of the proposed approach; namely, two examples of linearly polarized slotted arrays, designed in standard waveguide and in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, and a circularly polarized slotted array designed in SIW technology.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"2999-3003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11034714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Si-Yu Yin;Rong Shu;Jia-Lin Li;Yang Yang;Fei Shen;Yubin Gong;Steve W. Y. Mung
{"title":"A Method to Realize the Dual-Band Antenna With Independent Control and Flexible Frequency Ratios Based on Metasurface","authors":"Si-Yu Yin;Rong Shu;Jia-Lin Li;Yang Yang;Fei Shen;Yubin Gong;Steve W. Y. Mung","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579131","url":null,"abstract":"The existing dual-band high-gain antennas based on metasurface have a common limit that the frequency ratios cannot be flexibly designated while the dual-band performances cannot be controlled independently. Here, a method to solve this problem is proposed; it adopts the concept of hybridizing a folded reflectarray and a Fabry–Pérot cavity antenna for high-gain dual-band operations. Different from previous works, the two antennas share a common aperture but are separated structurally by a polarization-selective surface that enables dual-band independent control and flexible frequency ratios. A prototype antenna is thus developed and experimentally examined, and the measured results agree well with expectations.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"2989-2993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rong Shu;Yang Hai;Zong-Lin Wang;Jia-Lin Li;Si-Yu Yin;Steve W. Y. Mung
{"title":"Modulated Metasurface Antenna for Straight-Line Flat-Top Beamforming With Shared Aperture","authors":"Rong Shu;Yang Hai;Zong-Lin Wang;Jia-Lin Li;Si-Yu Yin;Steve W. Y. Mung","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3579166","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a fan-shaped aperture-modulated metasurface antenna (MMA) is proposed for straight-line flat-top beamforming at a specified elevation angle. The desired beam pattern is decomposed into multiple adjacent sub-beams, implemented via a multibeam shared-aperture technique. Unlike conventional circular or rectangular apertures, the fan-shaped design effectively suppresses beam splitting within a 7% relative bandwidth. Mushroom-shaped electromagnetic bandgap structures are introduced at the aperture edges to reflect surface waves, thereby reducing sidelobes. Global optimization of the unit cell geometries further enhances antenna gain, achieving a uniform flat-top pattern. A prototype operating at 15 GHz demonstrates a measured peak gain of 17.3 dBi with a flat-top pattern having a 2 dBi gain variation range of about 45°, showing good agreement with the simulation results.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"2994-2998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}