{"title":"Ultrawideband Low-Profile Circularly Polarized Cross-Dipole Antenna With Hybrid AMC Reflector","authors":"Zhuozhu Chen;Jinwei Cheng;Sha Xu;Wensong Wang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3588261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3588261","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, an ultrawideband low-profile circularly polarized (CP) antenna with asymmetric cross-dipoles, parasitic patches, and artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is proposed. A vacant-quarter ring connects orthogonal dipole arms to introduce the required 90° phase difference for generating CP radiation. To reduce the profile of the antenna, an AMC reflector is positioned beneath the radiator. The AMC reflector consists of hybrid metallic patterns printed on a substrate, where two different types of unit cells are arranged in the center and around the periphery separately to expand the in-phase reflection bandwidth. Additionally, metallic strips are added around the edge of the ground to improve the axial ratio and radiation pattern at lower frequencies. Measured results indicate that the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are 1.51 GHz to 5.13 GHz (109%) and 1.54 GHz to 3.57 GHz (79.5%), respectively. The antenna gains maintain 6.3 dBic to 8.3 dBic within the whole operating bandwidth. Furthermore, the antenna features a low profile of 0.13<italic>λ<sub>L</sub></i> corresponding to the lowest operating frequency.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3278-3282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enlin Wang;Oskar Talcoth;Lars Manholm;Ashraf Uz Zaman;Jian Yang
{"title":"A Steerable Dual-Polarized Monopulse Reflector Antenna With Gap-Waveguide Adaptive Phase Shifters for E-Band Backhaul","authors":"Enlin Wang;Oskar Talcoth;Lars Manholm;Ashraf Uz Zaman;Jian Yang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3588191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3588191","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents an E-band monopulse feed with broadband gap-waveguide adaptive phase shifters for Gregorian reflector antennas tailored for 5G backhaul communications. The monopulse functionality is achieved using a gap-waveguide-based <inline-formula><tex-math>$2times 2$</tex-math></inline-formula> step-horn-array feed with a feeding network comprising 3 dB couplers and adaptive phase shifters. The antenna achieves an ultrahigh-gain of 50 dBi through integration of the feed with a Gregorian reflector antenna and employs beamsteering by offsetting the feed from the subreflector focus. However, the feed offsetting degrades the null depth in difference (<inline-formula><tex-math>$Delta$</tex-math></inline-formula>) patterns. Therefore, a new phase compensation strategy is proposed, involving a codesign of adaptive phase shifters with the offset by using a numerical phase compensation function quantified in this work based on simulation data through GRASP and CST. The fabricated antenna demonstrates reflection coefficients below <inline-formula><tex-math>$-10$</tex-math></inline-formula> dB for both polarizations over 71 GHz to 86 GHz. The measured radiation patterns and gains align closely with the simulated results. The system achieves a maximum gain of 50.48 dBi, with beamsteering within <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm 2^circ$</tex-math></inline-formula> from boresight and a maximum steering loss of 0.96 dB. The null depth of all <inline-formula><tex-math>$Delta$</tex-math></inline-formula>-beams is maintained above 20 dB. These results highlight the significant potential of this antenna for 5G backhaul communications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3268-3272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniaturized MIMO Antenna Design Based on Mode Cancellation Method for 5G Mobile Terminals","authors":"Yifan Lu;Changjiang Deng;Yiming Fan;Rongrong Dong","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587350","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a miniature multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna pair operating at the 3.5 GHz band is proposed for 5G mobile terminals. The design consists of dual inverted-F antennas (IFAs) arranged in an asymmetric mirrored configuration with respect to the chassis ground plane, occupying a compact size of 12 mm × 5 mm. By adding an inductor at the center of the 1-mm-wide gap between the two closely spaced IFAs, the mutual coupling is greatly reduced. The decoupling mechanism is explained from the perspective of common mode and differential mode cancellation. A prototype of the proposed antenna pair is fabricated. The measured −6 dB overlapping bandwidth of the two ports covers the 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz band, with port isolation higher than 22.4 dB.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3253-3257"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3-D Beam-Steering 2 × 2 Array Antenna With Tunable Frequency Based on the Phase Difference Between Patches","authors":"Y. Cho;Y. Sung","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3586936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3586936","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose a 2 × 2 array antenna capable of 3-D beam-steering and operating frequency adjustment. Each element consists of a patch antenna and a narrow-width I-shaped stub, with two varactor diodes placed between them. By varying the equivalent capacitance values of the varactors applied to each patch, a phase difference between the patches is achieved. As a result, the proposed antenna has continuous beam-steering within the range of −15° to +15° in elevation plane and full 360° in azimuth plane. Additionally, the resonant frequencies of the antenna could be adjusted depending on the equivalent capacitance values between the patch antenna and stub. From the measurement results, the proposed antenna shows continuous 3-D beam-steering of 30° in the 6.87% (2.95 GHz to 3.16 GHz) usable bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3223-3227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation on Bandpass Frequency Selective Surface Based on Aluminum Honeycomb Cavity","authors":"Na Li;Yingguo Jiang;Ye Han","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587792","url":null,"abstract":"This letter proposes an innovative sandwich frequency selective surface (FSS) that integrates the periodic hollow architecture of aluminum honeycomb with cavity resonance. First, the resonant characteristics of the hollow honeycomb cavities are investigated. A 33% cavity miniaturization can be achieved by converting cavity sidewall boundaries from perfect electric conductor to perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) conditions. Then, a slot structure located at the two boundaries of the honeycomb cavity is introduced to provide slot resonance and act as an equivalent PMC wall to excite the TM<sub>0,2/3,0</sub> mode of the cavity. Finally, a dual-pole bandpass FSS with a center frequency of 7.07 GHz is achieved, featuring a small thickness of 0.059<italic>λ</i><sub>0</sub>. The electromagnetic-mechanical properties of aluminum honeycomb-based FSS were fabricated and measured to validate the proposed design strategies. Mechanical tests revealed compressive strength exceeding 2.1 MPa with a density of 0.702 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, highlighting its lightweight and load-bearing advantages.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3263-3267"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Low-Profile Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Shared-Aperture Grid-Patch/Fabry–Perot Antenna for CubeSat Applications","authors":"Minh Quang Nguyen;Khac Kiem Nguyen;Son Xuat Ta","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587295","url":null,"abstract":"A dual-band circularly polarized (CP) shared-aperture grid-patch/Fabry–Perot antenna with a low profile is presented for CubeSat applications. A conducting grid layer is incorporated with a periodic metasurface to act as a partially reflective surface (PRS) of the low-profile Fabry–Perot resonant cavity. A slotted circular patch is used as the feed of the Fabry–Perot antenna to produce high-gain CP radiation in the <inline-formula><tex-math>$X$</tex-math></inline-formula> band. The grid layer of the PRS is reused as a patch radiator in the <inline-formula><tex-math>$L$</tex-math></inline-formula> band, which is designed with truncated corners to generate CP radiation. The proposed antenna is implemented on a three-layer substrate without air-gap for a sturdy structure. A fabricated prototype with overall size of <inline-formula><tex-math>$text{98 mm} times text{98 mm} times text{3.94}$</tex-math></inline-formula> mm achieves right-hand CP radiation within 1.230 GHz to 1.242 GHz and 8.0 GHz to 8.4 GHz with an isolation <inline-formula><tex-math>$ge$</tex-math></inline-formula> 20 dB. Noting that the frequencies and polarization of the two bands can be easily adjusted by using the same design concept.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3243-3247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Miniaturized Metasurface Sensor Using Spoof Electric Localized Surface Plasmons","authors":"Ming-Ming Chen;Wen-Kang Wu;Qi Zheng;Zhen-Xing Xia;Xue-Xia Yang;Steven Gao","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3587722","url":null,"abstract":"A miniaturized metasurface sensor with high sensitivity and polarization-insensitive characteristics based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is presented. The unit cell of the sensor consists of a spiral structure and a square metal frame, which generates the EIT. Experimental and calculated transmission spectra are in good agreement with the simulated results. Analysis of the electric field distributions, magnetic field distributions, and surface current distributions reveals that the EIT is primarily caused by spoof electric localized surface plasmons and electric dipole interactions, further supported by multipole scattering theory. The proposed sensor retains consistent sensitivity under oblique incidence conditions from 0° to 60° while maintaining polarization angle independence. The metasurface sensor achieves a measured sensitivity of 3.7 GHz/RIU, closely matching the simulated sensitivity of 4 GHz/RIU, highlighting its superior sensing performance. This work provides a novel approach for metasurface sensors and demonstrates significant potential for applications in detection.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3258-3262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast Computation of Volume Integral Operator-Based Characteristic Modes With Skeletonization","authors":"Di Wu;Qi Wu","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3586907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2025.3586907","url":null,"abstract":"Calculating characteristic modes of dielectric objects with the volume integral operator (VIO) is computationally inefficient. The volumetric mesh generates a large impedance matrix and results in a time-consuming eigenvalue equation-solving process. Skeletonization is employed to improve the efficiency of the VIO-based method by leveraging the rank-deficient property. Both the memory and time required for assembling impedance matrices are significantly reduced. The repeated matrix-vector multiplications involved in solving the eigenvalue equation are expedited. Numerical examples are presented to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Parameter optimization is performed to achieve a more practical and efficient algorithm setting.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3218-3222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}