{"title":"Modeling the Reactive Effects of Folded Parallel-Plate Waveguide Feeds for Connected Arrays","authors":"Caspar M. Coco Martin;Daniele Cavallo","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3666951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3666951","url":null,"abstract":"Connected slot arrays are a type of ultrawideband phased array known for their wide-scanning capabilities. A suitable method to feed the slots is using parallel-plate waveguides (PPWs), which reduce the unit-cell complexity. However, current analytical models for connected arrays are unable to completely model the PPW feed, which usually necessitates a time-consuming design process using commercial antenna simulation tools. In this letter, we present a model for the PPW that incorporates the reactive components introduced by folding the feed. The proposed feed model can be incorporated into existing array models to jointly optimize the unit cell and the feed structure.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1862-1866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Benaissa;Djelloul Aissaoui;Abdelhalim Chaabane;Hussein Attia;Tayeb A. Denidni
{"title":"A Novel Compact MIMO Antenna for Enhanced Leadless Implantable Pacemakers","authors":"Mohamed Benaissa;Djelloul Aissaoui;Abdelhalim Chaabane;Hussein Attia;Tayeb A. Denidni","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665847","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a new miniaturized multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) implantable antenna based on meandered resonators, designed for biomedical applications that require compactness and enhanced data transmission rate. The suggested MIMO antenna functions at 2.45 GHz and occupies a volume of 4.7 mm × 4.5 mm × 0.12 mm, making it among the most compact designs reported in this category. Size reduction is achieved using meandered lines. The proposed MIMO antenna consists of dual radiating elements sharing the same ground plane and are spaced 0.5 mm apart. Designed for implantation at a depth of 30 mm within the anatomical environment of the human heart, it is a promising candidate for leadless pacemaker applications. The antenna was fabricated and tested, achieving an isolation greater than 22 dB, which confirms excellent MIMO characteristics. Key parameters, including the envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain, were also evaluated and exhibited favorable values, ensuring reliable MIMO operation. It exhibits omnidirectional radiation with spatial diversity. Specific absorption rate evaluation is conducted using a human tissue environment to verify compliance with safety standards. The results validate the antenna's suitability for implantable applications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1842-1846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Range-Doppler Map Generation Framework for Moving Targets Based on Time-Domain Electromagnetic Scattering Algorithm","authors":"Guangbin Guo;Rongshen Zhan;Rui Wang;Lixin Guo","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664909","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a method is proposed to obtain the range-Doppler map in cases of antenna–target encounter based on near-field time-domain physical optics (TDPO) method. First, the TDPO method is used to simulate the dynamic scattering echo data during the antenna–target encounter. Then, based on the electromagnetic scattering field expression, the signal processing formula for range-Doppler map simulation is derived. In this letter, modulated Gaussian pulse is used as the transmitting signal, and the corresponding signal processing method is designed, including demodulation, range compression, and slow time fast Fourier transform (FFT). This letter studies the effective combination of the electromagnetic scattering algorithm and signal processing algorithm, and proves its feasibility. The proposed method can be used to quickly generate range-Doppler map data and has significant engineering application value. Finally, some simulation examples are given to verify the feasibility and accuracy of the method.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1797-1801"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Multiframe Superresolution Reconstruction Approach for Video Imaging Based on Information Metasurfaces","authors":"Xuejun Huang;Yuanlin Li;Liwu Wen;Jinshan Ding","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664802","url":null,"abstract":"Information metasurfaces offer a low-cost solution for microwave forward-looking imaging. However, imaging dynamic and nonsparse scenes using information metasurfaces remains challenging. To address this issue, we present a joint multiframe superresolution reconstruction approach for video imaging using information metasurfaces. By leveraging the ultrafast code-switching capability of information metasurfaces, we formulate the video imaging problem as a joint multiframe superresolution reconstruction task. Furthermore, by exploiting the temporal correlation of the background and the sparsity of dynamic variation across multiple frames, we introduce a low-rank and sparse decomposition with interframe smoothness model for the superresolution reconstruction. An effective algorithm based on the proximal gradient method is developed to solve the proposed model, enabling high-resolution imaging of dynamic and nonsparse scenes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior reconstruction performance compared to the existing computational imaging methods.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1792-1796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunfei Cao;Jiasheng Lin;Yu Lan;Quan Xue;J. C. Vardaxoglou
{"title":"Millimeter-Wave Wide-Angle Scanning and Low-Cross-Polarization Magnetoelectric Monopole Antenna Array","authors":"Yunfei Cao;Jiasheng Lin;Yu Lan;Quan Xue;J. C. Vardaxoglou","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665607","url":null,"abstract":"Phased arrays with a wide beam-scanning range and low cross polarization are significant for the millimeter-wave communication. To achieve this goal, this letter presents a novel method of designing a millimeter-wave phased array based on unidirectional wide-beam monopole elements. The antenna is composed of a monopole radiator fed by a coplanar waveguide, a reflector, and two grounded U-shaped patches with shorting pins. In order to realize wide beamwidth and high cross-polarization discrimination, a magnetic current is introduced by a current loop flowing along the path of the shorting pins and the reflector. Hence, the term, “MagnetoElectric Monopole,” is given to represent the novel antenna. Far-field radiation by the currents on the two grounded U-shaped patches cancels each other, so the cross-polarization is reduced. Combining the magnetic current and the electric current on the monopole contributes to a wide beamwidth. A metasurface consisting of periodic patches is designed to reduce mutual coupling for the phased array. The prototyped array has measured scanning angle of ±80° with small scan loss of 1.7 dB in 24 GHz to 30 GHz. The simulated cross-polarization level is less than −19.4 dB during the scanning process.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1832-1836"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dehao Zhao;Feng Lin;Zhiqiang Li;Qianteng Wu;Guodong Han;Hao Peng;Linjie Liu;Houjun Sun
{"title":"Co-Design of Full-Duplex Filter-Circulator-Antenna System Based on Mixed Static and Time-Modulated Coupling Topology","authors":"Dehao Zhao;Feng Lin;Zhiqiang Li;Qianteng Wu;Guodong Han;Hao Peng;Linjie Liu;Houjun Sun","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3667528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3667528","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents, for the first time, a full-duplex substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter-circulator-antenna system based on mixed static and time-modulated coupling topology. The topology has three branches connected by a central node, and each branch is composed of a static resonator and a time-modulated resonator with specific phase. Furthermore, the time-modulated resonators are realized by the pentagonal SIW cavity loaded with a time-modulated varactor. Two static resonators are realized by rectangular SIW cavities connected by Tx and Rx ports, while the other one is realized by a square cavity integrated with the slot antenna. By tuning the time-modulated varactors, it achieves transmitting and receiving signals at the same frequency with filtering responses. For verification, a SIW filter-circulator-antenna system is designed and fabricated. The measured Tx-to-Rx isolation at center frequency of 2.39 GHz is 18.5 dB. The measured transmitting (receiving) gain is 0.3 dBi (0.5 dBi), and the lower and upper passband selectivities in the Tx mode (Rx mode) are 347 (266) dB/GHz and 433 (393) dB/GHz, respectively.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1887-1891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shengjie Zhao;Yaomin Liu;Kangsheng Gao;Wei Wang;Yanbin Luo;Lei Sang
{"title":"An Ultrawideband Circularly Polarized Monopole Antenna Based on Characteristic Mode Analysis","authors":"Shengjie Zhao;Yaomin Liu;Kangsheng Gao;Wei Wang;Yanbin Luo;Lei Sang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3664928","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents an ultrawideband (UWB) circularly polarized (CP) monopole antenna with a defected ground structure, consisting of a monopole and a coupled patch with opposite openings, different sizes, the same rotational senses. characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is used to investigate CP generation mechanism, providing physical insight into different resonant modes and field distributions. Measured results exhibit a relative impedance bandwidth of 138.03% (3.30 GHz to 18.00 GHz) and a relative 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 123.60% (4.25 GHz to 18.00 GHz). The maximum of CP realized gain at the main beam direction is 8.32 dBic at 15 GHz. The overall dimension of the proposed antenna is 0.44<inline-formula><tex-math>${{lambda }_L}$</tex-math></inline-formula> × 0.50<inline-formula><tex-math>${{lambda }_L}$</tex-math></inline-formula> × 0.0165<inline-formula><tex-math>${{lambda }_L}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><tex-math>${{lambda }_L}$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the free-space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. This antenna offers considerable application value in unmanned aerial vehicle detection, wireless sensor signal transmission, for its UWB CP radiation and high gain.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1802-1806"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhonghe Zhang;Youquan Wen;Sai-Wai Wong;Asif Khan;Yaling Chen;Yejun He
{"title":"Continuous Endfire to Broadside Beamforming Millimeter-Wave Antenna Array","authors":"Zhonghe Zhang;Youquan Wen;Sai-Wai Wong;Asif Khan;Yaling Chen;Yejun He","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665238","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a 1 × 5 full-metal dual-port phased slot antenna array with a shared cavity structure at millimeter-wave frequencies is proposed. By exciting TE<sub>101</sub> and TE<sub>011</sub> modes, independent endfire and broadside beams are achieved with port isolation better than –20.6 dB. Optimized slot width ensures amplitude balance and enhanced gain, while phase adjustment between the two ports enables dynamic beam steering and null control, realizing continuous coverage from endfire to broadside directions. The design features high power handling, fast beam switching, and efficient spatial utilization, providing a practical solution for dynamic millimeter-wave coverage.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1812-1816"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enlin Wang;Zhiyu Qian;Junjie Qu;Hongxin Xiang;Yongrong Shi;Jian Yang
{"title":"A Half-Mode Gap Waveguide With High-Density Mushroom-Type AMC Enabling High Assembly Tolerance at Millimeter Waves","authors":"Enlin Wang;Zhiyu Qian;Junjie Qu;Hongxin Xiang;Yongrong Shi;Jian Yang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3667474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3667474","url":null,"abstract":"This letter presents a half-mode groove gap waveguide (HM-GGW) employing a high-density mushroom-type artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) to achieve robust millimeter-wave transmission with low-phase sensitivity to assembly misalignment. Conventional HM-GGW structure using low-density pin suffer from pronounced phase variations due to the imperfect approximation of a perfect magnetic conductor. By reducing the unit-cell period, the proposed high-density mushroom-type AMC effectively suppressing misalignment-induced phase perturbations. A W-band 1-to-2 power divider prototype is fabricated for validation. Measurements demonstrate a reflection coefficient better than −10 dB and an insertion loss below 0.8 dB over 85.0 GHz to 96.9 GHz. Under multiple random assembly conditions, the phase imbalance between the two output ports remains within <inline-formula><tex-math>$pm$</tex-math></inline-formula>1°, confirming the excellent phase robustness and assembly tolerance of the proposed structure.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1882-1886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time-Reversal Metasurface With Intensity-Controlled Multifocusing in Scattering-Embedded Channels","authors":"Weiping Chen;Li Deng;Meijun Qu;Kwok L. Chung","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2026.3665752","url":null,"abstract":"Near-field multifocusing holds significant implications for wireless power transfer (WPT), wireless communications, and medical applications. Particularly, the capability to implement these applications in scattering channels represents a significant stride forward. This letter proposes a time-reversal multifocusing theory applicable to metallic scattering and low-loss dielectric scattering channels. To validate the theoretical framework, we introduce a time-reversal-based metasurface capable of controlling the amplitude and phase, enabling high-efficiency multifocusing in metallic scattering and low-loss dielectric scattering channels with controllable intensity ratio across different focal points. The adaptability of the proposed intensity-controlled metasurface is demonstrated through full-wave simulations and measurements in two representative scattering channels. Ultimately, the proposed metasurface achieves high-precision multifocusing in various scattering channels, with controllable intensity for each focal spot, and extends to a broader frequency range (5.2 GHz to 6.4 GHz) with high focusing efficiency (48% to 64%). Furthermore, we developed a measurement for intensity-controllable dual-focusing WPT utilizing the time-reversal multifocusing metasurface in scattering environments.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"25 4","pages":"1837-1841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147665460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}