Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Problems with combining modelling and social science approaches to understand artisanal fisheries bycatch","authors":"Daniel A. Villar, Edwin R. Gutiérrez Tito, Paola Velásquez‐Noriega, Anahi Cosky Paca‐Condori, Edmundo G. Moreno Terrazas, Alfredo Balcón Cuno, Ronald Hinojosa Cárdenas, Carmen Villanueva, Patrick Chapman, Luca Chiaverini, Jorgelina Marino, Andrew G. Gosler","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13918","url":null,"abstract":"AimArtisanal fisheries account for 40% of the world's fisheries catch, yet its environmental impacts remain poorly understood. This is especially the case in developing countries. In this study, we sought to integrate Local Fisher's Knowledge with distribution modelling to estimate the annual bycatch of Titicaca Grebe (<jats:italic>Rollandia microptera</jats:italic>), an endangered endemic bird from Lake Titicaca whose main anthropogenic threat is bycatch.LocationLake Titicaca, Peru and Bolivia.MethodsWe conducted transect and point counts of fishing nets in March–September 2022 and conducted interviews with fishers across the Lake Titicaca region. Using bathymetry, distance from shore, distance from a settlement, distance from the protected area, presence/absence of aquaculture, distance from aquaculture, and wetland cover, we constructed a distribution model of fisheries using maximum entropy modelling. We conducted interviews with fishers asking about the frequency of grebe bycatch and conducted short‐term monitoring at various sites while conducting transect points for dead grebes.ResultsWe estimate 3270 km<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> of the surface area of Lake Titicaca is used for fishing, which amounts to 39.40% of the lake's surface area. The area under the curve (AUC) of the distribution model was 0.89 and the True Skill Statistic was 0.67, which suggests maximum entropy modelling can model fisheries occurrence. The results of our interviews suggested a biologically implausible large number of grebes caught as bycatch annually. The cultural context of the interviews, including potential influences of non‐response and social‐desirability bias, being with fishers who often view the Titicaca Grebe as a nuisance species, might have caused over‐reporting of bycatch and hence led to these implausible figures.Main ConclusionsIt is possible to map fisheries using distribution models as one might with species. However, obtaining accurate measures of fisheries bycatch through interviews is more difficult, due to cultural factors which affect the accuracy in fisher's responses. While we hope that this method provides a low‐cost alternative to monitoring, it is not a suitable replacement for it.","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A race against extinction: The challenge to overcome the Linnean amphibian shortfall in tropical biodiversity hotspots","authors":"Albert Carné,&nbsp;David R. Vieites","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13912","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13912","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;There is an urgent need to explore, characterize, describe and preserve as many species as possible to prevent their decline. Tropical biodiversity hotspots harbour most of the known land diversity and vast amounts of undiscovered and undescribed species. Here, we quantify the taxonomically unassessed amphibian species richness in Madagascar, one of the best-studied and explored tropical hotspots worldwide, to identify knowledge gaps and conservation implications.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Madagascar.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Present.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Amphibians.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used the Madagascar amphibian fauna as a model to unveil neglected diversity by analysing 10,873 mitochondrial sequences using species delimitation algorithms and incorporating all previously published bioacoustics, distributional, morphological and nuclear data with an integrative approach.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Besides the currently described 413 species, we identified 408 divergent lineages. Among this, 310 fit the category of candidate species pending a taxonomic assessment, while 98 are considered deep conspecific lineages. These figures suggest that species richness could be twice as high as represented in the current taxonomy. Geographically, most of these candidate species occur in well-studied areas within the island.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Despite being one of the best-studied and explored tropical countries worldwide for amphibians, we found that many species are awaiting a taxonomic assessment in Madagascar. Paradoxically, this unassessed diversity concentrates on highly explored regions, emphasizing the importance of exploring and inventorying new areas. Our results highlight the magnitude of the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls, affecting both species richness estimates and the distribution ranges and biogeographic setting known for this fauna. Current conservation efforts should consider this novel diversity and unexplored areas as they will likely harbour yet many new species to be discovered. We expect similar patterns across less studied tropical realm","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13912","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping opportunities and barriers for coexistence between people and pumas in the Argentine Dry Chaco","authors":"A. Sofía Nanni,&nbsp;Arash Ghoddousi,&nbsp;Alfredo Romero-Muñoz,&nbsp;Matthias Baumann,&nbsp;Jamie Burton,&nbsp;Micaela Camino,&nbsp;Julieta Decarre,&nbsp;Felipe Martello,&nbsp;André Luis Regolin,&nbsp;Tobias Kuemmerle","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13920","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13920","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The persistence of large carnivore populations depends on their survival outside protected areas, where they often impact local livelihoods through livestock depredation. Understanding the impacts of human behaviour on large carnivores in shared landscapes is thus important but is often overlooked in habitat assessments or conservation planning. We employed an integrated approach that considers human behaviour and landscape structure metrics to assess the potential for human-puma (<i>Puma concolor</i>) coexistence in the Chaco region, a global deforestation and defaunation hotspot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Argentine Dry Chaco (~490,000 km²).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified suitable puma habitat patches and movement areas using occupancy modelling and combined it with a spatial human-puma conflict risk model based on interview data to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ habitat patches. We then used resistance surfaces to identify ‘safe’ and ‘unsafe’ movement areas, as well as ‘severed’ movement areas where anthropogenic land conversion inhibits movement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Safe puma habitat patches (i.e., suitable and safe) covered 29% of the region, whereas attractive sinks (i.e., suitable but risky) represented 12%. Movement areas corresponded to 60% of the region, while conflict risk and high landscape resistance undermined connectivity: unsafe and severed movement areas covered 10% and 11% of the region, respectively. Nearly 98% of safe habitat and movement areas occurred outside protected areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We provide an integrated conceptual framework and spatial explicit template for a three-pronged conservation strategy to (1) protect safe habitat and movement areas, (2) mitigate livestock depredation in attractive sinks and unsafe movement areas and (3) restore landscape in severed and matrix areas to improve ecological connectivity. This would allow pumas to maintain viable populations while reducing negative impacts on local people. More generally, we show how integrating habitat and conflict risk models can reveal opportunities and challenges for human-carnivore coexistence beyond protected areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13871","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image relates to Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13903 “Biogeographic patterns of Pacific white-sided dolphins based on long-term passive acoustic records” by Alksne et al. An adult and calf pair of Pacific white-sided dolphins porpoising off the coast of Southern California. Photo credit, Katherine Whitaker, California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation (CalCOFI), taken under NMFS permit no. 22835.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13871","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How would estimation of geographic range shifts of marine fishes be different when using occurrence and abundance data?","authors":"Yin-Zheng Lai,&nbsp;Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin,&nbsp;Chia-Ying Ko","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13919","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13919","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geographic range shifts are a common species' response to climate change. While occurrence data are commonly used to estimate species' geographical range shifts, ongoing debate suggests that local abundance data may be increasingly important for the estimates, but few studies have investigated differences between the above two types of data. We aimed to explore whether occurrence and abundance data would result in different patterns of geographic range shifts for marine fishes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Northeast US Continental Shelf, North Sea, and East Bering Sea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used bottom trawl datasets since 1968 in the three large marine communities to assess whether data types would affect estimated shifts in marine fish species. The range centroids of individual species were first estimated every year and linear regressions were fitted to estimate shift rates in both longitudinal and latitudinal directions. The average range centroids of the last 5 years were used to compare differences between the data types in species' shifts. We then grouped species by traits to overview species compositions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Significant differences in shift trends between regressions based on annual occurrence- and abundance-based range centroids were found in species' longitudinal shifts, particularly in the Northeast US Continental Shelf and North Sea. Approximately 38.5%–45.9% of fish species in the large marine communities had inconsistent shift directions when estimated by different data types. In comparison with the average range centroids of the last 5 years between the two data types, large changes were identified in the magnitudes of the shift distances towards the east and west. Fish species with inconsistent shifts between the two data types were mostly composed of commercial and demersal species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results provide observed differences over decades and suggest caution on the estimation of species' geographic range shifts using occurrence and abundance data and highlight the differences for future assessments of marine species shifts under climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13919","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating multiple data sources to develop range and area of habitat maps tailored for local contexts","authors":"Andres Felipe Suárez-Castro,&nbsp;Orlando Acevedo-Charry,&nbsp;Luis Hernando Romero Jiménez,&nbsp;Elkin A. Noguera-Urbano,&nbsp;Fernando Ayerbe-Quiñones,&nbsp;Natalia Ocampo-Peñuela","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13917","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13917","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global species distribution maps tend to be limited to a reduced number of species or are too coarse to inform ecological research and conservation actions at local scales. We developed a workflow to generate species range and area of habitat (AOH) maps tailored to local contexts based on expert information, community science observations and an ecoregion approach. We also developed a workflow to increase transparency in range maps and map the areas of uncertainty at the species and community levels using community science data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>North-Western South America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined expert knowledge, community science observations, a new map of ecoregions for Colombia and national maps of land cover to produce species range and AOH maps for 94% of the terrestrial resident birds of Colombia (1633 species). We used community science records to validate the range maps and produce a species-specific layer of uncertainty by calculating the distance between pixels classified as habitat and species occurrence points.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to previous efforts, the new maps have higher species coverage and produced better validation scores for more than 50% of the species analysed. In addition, the produced maps also show macroecological patterns that follow natural boundaries, significantly improving the arbitrary patterns observed in previous mapping efforts. Uncertainty maps illustrate the spatial resolution and the extent at which these maps can be used with the highest confidence and highlight poorly surveyed areas that require extensive sampling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combining information from expert sources, field observations and broad macroecological patterns is key to improve AOH maps that are fitted to local applications. Our uncertainty analysis can also guide concerted national efforts to survey specific localities. Our workflow can be used in multiple regions, countries and for other taxa, and we expect that it will improve local estimates of biogeographical and species diversity patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal patterns of juvenile fish assemblages in the surf zones of tropical sandy beaches along Gaolong Bay, Hainan Island, China","authors":"Wentong Xia,&nbsp;Zhongbo Miao,&nbsp;Kai Chen,&nbsp;Ying Lu,&nbsp;Sai Wang,&nbsp;Junying Zhu,&nbsp;Songguang Xie","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13913","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13913","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surf zones are crucial nursery habitats for the early life stages of fish species associated with typical coastal ecosystems. However, little is known about the temporal patterns and drivers of fish assemblages in tropical surf zones. This study aimed to assess the (1) main changes in fish community structure throughout 1 year, (2) seasonal dynamic patterns in fish assemblages, and (3) key factors influencing fish assemblages in the tropical surf zones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gaolong Bay, Wenchang City, Hainan Island, China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fish sampling was conducted monthly from June 2021 to May 2022 using a beach seine net. Fish species were identified using both morphological and molecular analyses. Kruskal–Wallis test, analysis of similarity, non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, and similarity percentage analysis were used to investigate the temporal fish assemblage patterns. Generalised additive models and canonical correspondence analysis were used to assess how environmental variables influence fish assemblages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 83 fish species, which were grouped into three ecotypes based on their primary habitat: coral reef-seagrass-associated species (CS) (35), mangrove-estuarine-associated species (ME) (30), and common coastal-estuarine-associated species (CE) (18). Most captured individuals were juveniles, and fish abundance and diversity were highest in May. Most CS species were abundant between March and May. ME and most CE species were dominant from June to August, and Mugilidae (CE) was abundant between October and February. Furthermore, surf fish assemblages were substantially influenced by tidal level, water temperature, conductivity, pH, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Juvenile fish were abundant in May and fish species with three ecotypes alternate in the surf zones throughout the year. Counter to much current thinking, March maybe the spawn peak of most fish species in the studied area, and we suggest that the fishing ban period could start from March instead of May in the inshore areas of Hainan Island.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soundscapes and airborne laser scanning identify vegetation density and its interaction with elevation as main driver of bird diversity and community composition","authors":"Sebastian Seibold,&nbsp;Tobias Richter,&nbsp;Lisa Geres,&nbsp;Rupert Seidl,&nbsp;Ralph Martin,&nbsp;Oliver Mitesser,&nbsp;Cornelius Senf,&nbsp;Lukas Griem,&nbsp;Jörg Müller","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13905","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mountain ecosystems are hotspots of biodiversity due to their high variation in climate and habitats. Yet, above average rates of climate change and enhanced forest disturbance regimes alter local climatic conditions and vegetation structure, which should impact biodiversity. We here investigated the impact of vegetation and elevation as well as their interactions on bird communities to improve our ability to predict climate change effects on bird communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>European Alps, Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We studied patterns and drivers of bird communities at 213 plots along gradients in vegetation density and elevation using autonomous sound recorders. Bird species were identified from soundscapes by Convolutional Neural Networks (BirdNET) and taxonomists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bird diversity and community metrics were moderately to strongly correlated for data based on either identification by BirdNET or taxonomists (Pearson's <i>r</i> = .47–.94), and ecological findings were overall similar for both datasets. Vegetation density 1–2 m and &gt;2 m above ground strongly affected bird diversity and community composition and mediated effects of elevation. Community composition changed with elevation more strongly in habitats with low than high vegetation density &gt;2 m. Species numbers decreased with elevation in habitats with low vegetation density 1–2 m and &gt;2 m above ground, but increased in habitats with high vegetation density. Overall, functional and phylogenetic diversity increased with elevation indicating lower habitat filtering, but patterns were also mediated by vegetation density.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicate that bird communities in the German Alps are determined by strong interactive effects of elevation and vegetation, underlining the importance to consider variation in vegetation in studies of biodiversity patterns along elevational gradients and under climate change. Combining remote sensing data and biodiversity monitoring based on autonomous sampling and AI-based species identification opens new avenues for bird monitoring and research in remote areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islands of ice: Glacier-dwelling metazoans form regionally distinct populations despite extensive periods of deglaciation","authors":"Karel Janko,&nbsp;Daniel H. Shain,&nbsp;Diego Fontaneto,&nbsp;Marie Kaštánková Doležálková,&nbsp;Jakub Buda,&nbsp;Eva Štefková Kašparová,&nbsp;Marie Šabacká,&nbsp;Jørgen Rosvold,&nbsp;Jacek Stefaniak,&nbsp;Dag Olav Hessen,&nbsp;Miloslav Devetter,&nbsp;Marco Antonio Jimenez/Santos,&nbsp;Patrik Horna,&nbsp;Edita Janková Drdová,&nbsp;Jacob Clement Yde,&nbsp;Krzysztof Zawierucha","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13859","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13859","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Glaciers cover considerable portion of land and host diverse life forms from single-celled organisms to invertebrates. However, the determinants of diversity and community composition of these organisms remain underexplored. This study addresses the biogeography, population connectivity and dispersal of these organisms, especially critical in understanding during the rapid recession of glaciers and increased extinction risk for isolated populations. By reconstructing the Quaternary biogeographic history of &lt;i&gt;Fontourion glacialis&lt;/i&gt;, a widespread in Northern Hemisphere glacier obligate species of Tardigrada, we aim to understand how populations of glacier-dwelling metazoans receive immigrants, respond to disappearing glaciers and to what extent remaining glaciers can serve as refugia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Glaciers across Svalbard, Scandinavia, Greenland and Iceland.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We analysed mtDNA (COI gene) variability of 263 &lt;i&gt;F. glacialis&lt;/i&gt; specimens collected across the distribution range. Phylogeographic and coalescent-based approaches were used to detect population differentiation patterns, investigate most likely models of gene flow and test the influences of geographical and climatic factors on the distribution of &lt;i&gt;F. glacialis&lt;/i&gt; genetic variants.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our findings indicate that the distribution of &lt;i&gt;F. glacialis&lt;/i&gt; genetic variants is primarily influenced by geographical rather than climatic factors. Populations exhibit a dispersal-limited distribution pattern, influenced by geographical distance and local barriers, even between neighbouring glaciers. Significantly, the genetic structure within Scandinavia suggests the existence of “southern” glacial or low-temperature refugia, where &lt;i&gt;F. glacialis&lt;/i&gt; may have survived a period of extensive deglaciation during the Holocene climatic optimum (8–5 kyr ago).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The study uncovers complex metapopulation structures in &lt;i&gt;F. glacialis&lt;/i&gt;, with impacts of local barriers, population bottlenecks as well as historical ice sheet fluctuations. It suggests that such populations can endure extended periods of deglaciation, highlighting the resilience of glacial refugia. The study highlights the necessity of understanding the diversity and population structure of ice-dwelling fauna in both spatial and temporal co","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13859","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hindcasting long-term data unveils the influence of a changing climate on small mammal communities","authors":"Luke Lupone,&nbsp;Raylene Cooke,&nbsp;Anthony R. Rendall,&nbsp;Angelina Siegrist,&nbsp;Cara Penton,&nbsp;Matt Carlyon,&nbsp;Tim Ouchtomsky,&nbsp;John G. White","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13901","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13901","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Shifting climates are reshaping ecosystems globally and are projected to intensify over the coming century. Understanding how biodiversity will respond to these shifts is crucial for developing effective climate adaptation measures. We generate predictive models built from long-term data to hindcast historic fluctuations in small mammal abundances as they have responded to shifting rainfall and fire conditions. This data set serves as the basis for predicting historical variations (hindcasting) in small mammal abundances, allowing us to examine their responses to decadal changes in fire and rainfall conditions within our study landscape.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Australia (Victoria).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Taxa&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Small mammals (&lt;i&gt;Mammalia&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;1970–2022.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Small mammal abundance was surveyed at 36 long-term trapping sites and modelled against coinciding fire history, vegetation productivity and rainfall using generalized additive mixed models. Six species were then used in predictive modelling against these variables for the decades preceding our monitoring programme (1970–2007).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;All species abundances increased with higher rainfall. Time since fire was also an important variable in all but one species model, with species displaying varying responses to time since fire. Hindcasting predictions for small mammal abundances varied with some species showing marked declines over time. Clear trends emerged, indicating more volatile population fluctuations in response to intensified fire and rainfall extremes in the 21st century. This suggests that periods of higher rainfall and less frequent fire events in the decades preceding our monitoring period supported higher and more stable small mammal abundances.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Native species show distinct sensitivity to the combined effects of drought and fire, which has occurred in recent times. Intensification of these drivers has caused increased volatility in small mammal abundances with low abundance extremes occurring more frequently.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141969688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}