Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Detections of Rare Species Lead Citizen Scientists to Initiate Data Recording","authors":"Louis J. Backstrom,&nbsp;Rachel L. Drake,&nbsp;Hannah Worthington,&nbsp;Alison Johnston","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Citizen science data are increasingly used to monitor biodiversity but come with several challenges that can impair accurate ecological conclusions. We explore how observers' preferences for certain species over others bias the initiation of survey efforts and assess the extent of this sampling bias in semi-structured citizen science datasets. We investigate the effects of this bias on occupancy model-based species distribution models and offer suggestions for mitigating this when analysing citizen science data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Great Britain, with methods applicable to citizen science datasets worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assess observer species preferences in list initiation via two methods: (1) indirectly through exploration of the relationship between species rarity and survey duration and (2) directly through analysis of the first-recorded species on surveys. We use these results to assess the impact of list-initiation sampling bias on occupancy models of 132 common breeding birds across Britain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find evidence for list-initiation sampling bias in British eBird and BirdTrack data. This bias is driven by observer preferences for certain species over others, with species preferences correlated with species rarity. This bias was stronger in short-duration surveys, and removing short surveys to remove these biased lists had limited impacts on occupancy models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Citizen science schemes projects that allow observers freedom in how they observe and record biodiversity consequently have more heterogeneous datasets. Observer species preferences lead to biased initiation of surveys and consequent overreporting of some species. Although we find limited effects of this bias on occupancy models in our study, we nevertheless suggest analysts consider its possible effects when exploring and analysing citizen science data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Distribution Models of Plants and Their Mutualists to Map Gaps in the Knowledge of Ecological Interactions","authors":"Amanda Fricensaft Baracat,&nbsp;Carlos E. Pereira Nunes,&nbsp;Paulo Milet-Pinheiro,&nbsp;João de Deus Vidal Junior","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The distribution of species relying on mutualistic partners for reproduction can be constrained by their partners' distribution. Nonetheless, biotic interactions are often overlooked when estimating the distributions of species (e.g., pollinators of a given plant and the proportion of them with their distribution modelled). In the Tropics, the abundance of highly specific interactions provides a promising model to test the extent of these limitations, but regional knowledge gaps (e.g., occurrence and biotic interactions) hinder this potential. Here, we combine interaction data with niche models to identify such gaps and recommend targets for natural history studies and future sampling efforts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tropical Americas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled occurrence records for a dataset of pollination interactions of plants exclusively pollinated by male euglossine bees. We calibrated individually tuned niche models for 37 plants and 39 bee species. We compared the potential distribution overlaps across plants and their respective pollinators and discussed their interpretation in relation to different indicators of knowledge gaps.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overlap between the potential distribution of plants and their pollinators varied across species and regions. Among the plant species modelled, 62% had insufficient information on their pollinator distribution or identity. The overlapping potential distribution of plant-pollinators was positively related to the proportion of known pollinators included in our models. Plant species more frequently studied were also associated with higher numbers of reported pollinators. Northern South America and the Amazon basin were identified as the major gaps.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite increasing research effort on this system, significant sampling gaps persist. Considering the high plant richness, a surprisingly low proportion of species (ca. 1.5%) had pollinator identities and distributions sufficiently documented. We provide a framework to identify and map such gaps. Our study evidences the need to improve sampling and digitisation efforts in poorly documented regions and taxa. This can be extended to other systems, improving biodiversity documentation and conservation monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145272101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Latitudinal Diversity Gradients in Karst and Non-Karst Forests: Evidence for Bedrock-Driven Modulation","authors":"Li Huang,&nbsp;Yunpeng Nie,&nbsp;Ivan Prieto,&nbsp;Zidong Luo,&nbsp;Wenna Liu,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Hongsong Chen","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Plant diversity is essential for ecosystem stability and the delivery of ecosystem services. While climate, through energy and water (i.e., productivity), is the primary driver of the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), edaphic conditions modulate resource storage and heterogeneity. The role of bedrock-driven edaphic gradients in shaping LDG patterns remains poorly understood. Here, we tested how edaphic conditions interact with climate to shape species diversity and LDG patterns, underscoring the role of geodiversity in conservation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Subtropical forests spanning ~10° latitude in Southwestern China.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted a large-scale vegetation survey across 60 forest plots on parallel limestone (karst) and clastic (non-karst) bedrocks recording over 17,000 individuals belonging to 654 woody species. We analysed diversity patterns in relation to latitude, climate, soil physicochemical properties and bedrock composition using structural equation modelling and linear mixed models.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Despite similar climatic variation, karst forests exhibited higher topsoil Ca and Mg concentrations (SoilPC1) than non-karst forests. Together with shallower soils and lower SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; contents at low latitudes, elevated SoilPC1 was associated with lower species richness, consistent with the ~20% lower richness in karst forests. We found a positive effect of climate on richness (0.22), while SoilPC1 exerted a stronger negative effect (−0.34). Non-karst forests followed the traditional LDG pattern, with diversity increasing towards lower latitudes whereas it declined towards lower latitudes within karst forests, reversing the LDG trend. This divergence was associated with increasing SoilPC1 and declining soil depth and SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; contents towards low-latitude karst regions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our findings provide evidence that bedrock-driven differences in edaphic conditions between karst and non-karst systems fundamentally regulate plant diversity reshaping LDG patterns. This advances the floristic geo-lithology hypothesis and calls for integrating geodiversity into conservation frameworks. Given the ecological sensitivity and global extent of karst ecosystems, understanding bedrock–climate interactions is critical for conservation planning.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/sec","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145271675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Azores Marine Park Vulnerability to Temperature Changes","authors":"Neus Campanyà-Llovet,&nbsp;Amanda E. Bates,&nbsp;Ana Colaço","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying highly vulnerable regions to climate change is increasingly incorporated in marine management planning given the expected redistribution of species with latitude, longitude, and depth following temperature changes. Here, we developed a spatially explicit vulnerability framework incorporating sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity of species living in one of the largest networks of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) within the EU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Azores Marine Park, North Atlantic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We quantified benthic, benthopelagic, and pelagic species sensitivity to temperature changes based on adult thermal affinity and georeferenced their distribution with quality-controlled records from various data compilators. To assess their exposure, we extracted historical (1995–2020) temperatures across latitudes, longitudes, and depths and calculated mean interannual change (i.e., increase or decrease) and variability. We estimated the adaptive capacity of species with traits related to relocation ability during adult and early life stages (i.e., “Motility” and “Developmental Mechanism”) using the FUN Azores trait database. To map the results, we pooled the species into 3D-regions of 0.25° × 0.25° resolution and 50 and 500 m depth bands at shallow and deep areas, respectively. We assigned a sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity score to each region based on species scores and combined them into a final vulnerability class (i.e., “Highly Vulnerable” (HV), “Advisable Monitoring” (AM), “Expected Relocation” (ER), and “Least Concern” (LC)).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HV and AM regions exist only in the benthic environment across various MPAs and depths. Increased mobility of species explains the absence of the most vulnerable categories in the benthopelagic and pelagic environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We advise strong conservation measures in HV areas and to maintain connectivity with climate refugia and monitoring of environmental variables and populations in areas classified as AM and ER, respectively. Our results suggest that the Azores deep-sea benthos is the most vulnerable environment to both warming and temperature variations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remoteness Is Not a Silver Bullet for Mediating Local Human Stressors on Tropical Benthic Communities","authors":"Paris V. Stefanoudis,&nbsp;Farah Amjad,&nbsp;Nina M. de Villiers,&nbsp;Mariyam Shidha Afzal,&nbsp;Fathimath Hana Amir,&nbsp;Shaha Hashim,&nbsp;Ryan Palmer,&nbsp;Nuria Rico Seijo,&nbsp;Mohamed Shimal,&nbsp;Denise Swanborn,&nbsp;Sheena Talma,&nbsp;Mohamed Ahusan,&nbsp;Lucy C. Woodall","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tropical coral reefs are at the forefront of the current triple planetary crisis of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. While geographic remoteness is considered to shield reefs from local human pressures, and potentially aid in combating adverse climate change impacts, recent evidence from shallow reefs (0–30 m) to support this hypothesis has been inconclusive. We use a holistic approach focusing on the whole shallow reef community and expanding to mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs; 30–150 m) and deep-sea corals (250–500 m) to test the effect of vertical (depth) remoteness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five coral atolls in the Maldives, central Indian Ocean, including depths from 0 to 500 m.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Firstly, we obtained benthic community characteristics (abundance, richness, community evenness) by annotating 4200 images from 105 stereo video-based transect surveys. Subsequently, we collected data on human activities and proxies thereof that could impact benthic communities, as well as other geographic and topographic parameters due to their role in shaping benthic communities. Using modelling approaches (random forests), we then combined the above datasets to assess the importance and influence of human pressure and other variables on benthic community characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report that shallow reef benthic communities—both their abundance and richness—were higher on geographically remote reefs, and these communities were also more even. No such pattern was observed for MCE evenness, while richness was actually lower on remote reefs. Notably, MCE abundance and all deep-sea models had low explanatory power, suggesting that factors other than human pressures, such as depth and topography, are driving community patterns at our study sites, highlighting the need for holistic, multi-faceted approaches to coral reef conservation and management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, our results highlight that remoteness is not a proxy for reduced human impact on MCEs. Considering their unique biodiversity and associated services, and combined with the numerous pressures they face, MCEs should be conservation priorities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145197325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Semi-Natural Habitats on Bird Occupancy in Different Intensity Agriculture: A Multi-Species Approach","authors":"Wenyu Xu,&nbsp;Yongshan Xu,&nbsp;Jiyuan Yao,&nbsp;Weihong Zhu,&nbsp;Haitao Wang","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70094","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Agriculture is a primary factor underlying worldwide declines in biodiversity. Incorporating semi-natural habitat features within agricultural landscapes is considered an effective strategy for mitigating the biodiversity loss associated with agricultural intensification. However, few studies have investigated whether and how the biodiversity-supporting capacity of semi-natural habitats varies across landscape-level agricultural intensity gradients.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Agroecosystems of Central-Eastern Jilin, China.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The 84 passive acoustic monitors were deployed across agricultural intensity gradients for 30 days, collecting avian vocalisation data from 04:00 to 07:00 on alternate days. The collected avian vocalisation data were processed using BirdNET (an AI-based sound analysis tool) and were complemented by expert verification. We employed multi-species occupancy models to estimate bird occupancy rates, with subsequent analysis examining the relative influence of semi-natural habitats on these rates under different agricultural intensity gradients.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results indicated that bird occupancy probabilities were higher in low- and middle-intensity agricultural landscapes compared to high-intensity agricultural landscapes, particularly for habitat edge-dependent insectivores. The supportive role of semi-natural habitats on bird occupancy was strongest in middle-intensity agriculture, with insectivores benefiting most significantly. Specifically, enhancing both the number of semi-natural habitat types and woodland coverage under middle-intensity agricultural practices would benefit various bird guilds. Increased waterbody coverage within farmland ecosystems positively impacted insectivorous birds regardless of agricultural intensity. Additionally, open-habitat species benefit from diversified crop cultivation patterns in low-to-middle intensity systems.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our results demonstrate that enhancing bird occupancy rates by semi-natural habitats depends on both the agricultural intensity context and the functional group. Our findings provide critical evidence for biodiversity conservation strategies in agricultural ecosystems and contribute to reducing geographical biases in agro-ecological research on avifauna.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 &lt;/d","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image relates to the Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70070 “Direct Integration of Population Genetics and Dynamic Species Distribution Modelling Improves Predictions of Post-Glacial History of <i>Piper nigrum</i>” Photo credit: Sandeep Sen \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat Protection Alone Is Insufficient: Costa Rican Parrots Thrive in Altered Landscapes but Remain Vulnerable to Poaching","authors":"P. Romero-Vidal,&nbsp;J. M. Barbosa,&nbsp;G. Blanco,&nbsp;F. Hiraldo,&nbsp;M. Carrete,&nbsp;J. L. Tella","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70084","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Human population growth and resource overexploitation have induced major changes in global biodiversity. Costa Rica, with 26% of its land area protected, is often cited as a model of environmental conservation. However, conservation efforts have largely focused on habitat preservation, while overharvesting remains an unquantified factor in wildlife decline. Here, we used parrots as a model to assess changes in their presence, abundance and richness in relation to habitat transformation, while also quantifying for the first time the poaching pressure they face, driven by the demand for them as domestic pets.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Costa Rica.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We conducted a broad-scale survey across the country to simultaneously obtain data on the relative abundance of parrots in different habitats and estimate poaching pressure by recording illegal household pets and parrots seized by authorities. Then, we related the presence, abundance and richness of parrots to habitat characteristics using two complementary approaches (i.e., patches along transects and points where we had detected at least one individual) and examined whether certain species were poached with greater intensity than others.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found that parrot presence, abundance and richness tend to decrease in modified habitats, particularly agricultural areas, although this trend reverses in human settlements. On the other hand, our surveys revealed near-ubiquitous ownership of native parrots illegally kept as pets, which were recorded in 86.6% of the sampled localities and in 81.5% of the surveyed houses. Several threatened macaw and Amazon species were poached more than expected attending to their abundances in the wild.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although our methodology does not allow for a direct comparison of the impact of habitat loss and poaching, our findings suggest that parrot communities are affected by habitat changes while they can tolerate certain levels of habitat transformation, such as urbanisation. On the other hand, parrot species preferred by people still face intense poaching pressure for the domestic pet trade. Focusing conservation efforts solely on habitat protection will be insufficient to preserve these critical components of tropical ecosystems. More effective measures are needed to curb poaching and addres","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Migratory Connectivity and Non-Breeding Habitat Segregation Across Biogeographical Scales in Closely Related Seabird Taxa’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Morera-Pujol, V., Catry, P., Magalhães, M. et al. 2025. “Migratory Connectivity and Non-Breeding Habitat Segregation Across Biogeographical Scales in Closely Related Seabird Taxa.” <i>Diversity and Distributions</i> 31: e70013. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70013.</p><p>The affiliation information for author Isabel Afán was incorrect in the published article. The correct affiliation information should be: Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.</p><p>The data availability statement contained erroneous links in the published article. The correct statement should read as follows: ‘The novel code developed for this manuscript can be found at https://github.com/VirginiaMorera/Migratory-connectivity and the tracking data necessary to perform the analyses can be downloaded at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5z7. The data on colony locations and breeding populations is available in the Supporting Information of Morera-Pujol et al., 2023. Methods to detect spatial biases in tracking studies caused by differential representativeness of individuals, populations and time. <i>Diversity and Distributions</i>, 29, 19–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13642’.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Accuracy of Predicted Potential Distributions and Enhancing the Effectiveness of Priority Conservation Areas for Protected Species by Expanding the Target Area","authors":"Jin Ye,&nbsp;Feiling Yang,&nbsp;Jinming Hu,&nbsp;Hengying Wang,&nbsp;Jihong Xu,&nbsp;Zhongxing Yang,&nbsp;Feng Liu,&nbsp;Jian Zhou,&nbsp;Jing Gong,&nbsp;Bing Han,&nbsp;Xuexin Yang,&nbsp;Ruidong Wu","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subjective study area delineation in conservation planning often overlooks species occurrences integrality, truncating the ecological niches. Incorporating occurrences from expanded areas into species distribution prediction within the study area provides an innovative approach to mitigate negative impacts, but the conservation effectiveness of this approach requires further clarification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We selected the Southeast Himalaya Biodiversity Priority Conservation Area and the Himalayas biogeographic region as the target and expanded areas, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We set three scenarios by extracting species occurrences from the target area, expanded area, and both areas (scenarios 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Using MaxEnt for predicting the potential distributions of species (SPDs) and Zonation for identifying priority conservation areas (PCAs) across the three scenarios, we evaluated the SPD prediction accuracy, conservation effectiveness, and ecological representativeness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incorporating data from the expanded area in scenarios 2 and 3 improved the prediction accuracy and covered a wider SPD range than scenario 1. High-richness areas and PCAs in scenarios 2 and 3 were identified in the Kangrigebu South Wing Mountains, Salween and Lancangjiang Incisive Mountains, and southern Brahmaputra Great Turn and Upper Salween Incisive Mountains. These PCAs improved the coverage of the SPD areas (77.74%–82.20%) and priority forest and wetland ecosystems (11.86%–12.84%). In contrast, the PCAs in scenario 1 had a relatively larger distribution in the Himalayas Central Mountains, covering a higher proportion of their own SPD areas (83.75%) and priority steppe ecosystem (31.55%). Overall, scenarios 2 and 3 demonstrated greater conservation effectiveness and ecological representativeness, with minimal differences between them, and both outperformed scenario 1.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study proposed an innovative approach that expanded the study area to biogeographic regions and supplemented species occurrences from these expanded areas, thereby improving the prediction accuracy of SPDs and conservation effectiveness, while providing an easily implementable and generalizable framework in data deficient areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}