内格罗河流域亚马孙黑水河沿岸季节性淹水森林对鸟类群落的影响

IF 4.6 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
C. Valentim, J. M. G. Capurucho, P. E. D. Bobrowiec, G. A. Leite, G. M. Martins, J. Schöngart, C. C. Ribas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

Aim火灾严重加剧了亚马逊雨林的退化,igapó森林(季节性被黑水河流淹没)尤其脆弱。Igapó森林支持适应季节性洪水的物种,使火灾成为这些特殊生物的严重威胁。由于鸟类栖息地的特殊性,它们可以深入了解火灾对环境的影响。研究了火灾事件对内格罗河流域igapó森林鸟类物种丰富度和组成的影响。地理位置:内格罗河流域,亚马逊西北部。方法采用自动记录仪对55个地点进行鸟类调查,记录时间2365小时。地点包括18个控制区(igapó 1984年至2022年未发生火灾的森林)和37个烧毁地点(1984年至2017年发生火灾)。我们比较了igapó不同处理的鸟类物种丰富度和组成,并分析了火灾对冠层盖度和林下密度变化的影响。结果焚烧区鸟类物种丰富度高于未焚烧区。与最近(10年)被烧毁的地区相比,20多年前被烧毁的地区的物种组成更相似,尽管没有完全恢复。物种替代是影响beta多样性的主要因素。林冠盖度是唯一受火灾后时间直接影响的变量。鸟类物种组成和丰富度均受火灾后时间的直接影响,但也受林冠盖度的间接影响。主要结论火灾对物种丰富度和组成有直接影响。林冠盖度受火灾时间的影响大于林下密度,也影响鸟类的种类组成。38年的时间不足以使鸟类群落完全恢复。火灾监测、保存和修复igapó遗迹的紧急措施是必不可少的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Fire Effects on Bird Communities From Seasonally Flooded Forests Along Amazonian Black Water Rivers of the Negro River Basin

Fire Effects on Bird Communities From Seasonally Flooded Forests Along Amazonian Black Water Rivers of the Negro River Basin

Aim

Fire significantly contributes to Amazonian degradation, with igapó forests (seasonally flooded by blackwater rivers) being especially vulnerable. Igapó forests support species adapted to seasonal flooding, making fire a critical threat to these specialised organisms. Birds, due to their habitat specialisation, can provide insight into fire's impact on this environment. We investigated how fire events over time affect bird species richness and composition in igapó forests of the Negro River basin.

Location

Negro River basin, Northwest Amazon.

Methods

We conducted bird surveys at 55 sites using autonomous recorders, totalling 2365 h of recordings. Sites included 18 control areas (igapó forests without fire from 1984 to 2022) and 37 burned sites (fire occurrence from 1984 to 2017). We compared bird species richness and composition across igapó treatments and analysed the effects of canopy cover and understorey density changes due to fire.

Results

Burned areas showed higher bird species richness than unburned areas. Species composition was more similar in areas burned more than 20 years ago compared to recently burned areas (< 10 years), although full recovery was not achieved. Species replacement was the main component affecting beta diversity. Canopy cover was the only variable directly influenced by time after fire. Both bird species composition and richness were directly affected by time after fire, though composition was also indirectly influenced through canopy cover.

Main Conclusions

Fire has a direct effect on species richness and composition. Canopy cover is more affected by time after fire than understorey density, also influencing bird species composition. A period of 38 years appeared insufficient for the full recovery of the bird community. Urgent measures for fire monitoring, preservation, and restoration of igapó remnants are essential.

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来源期刊
Diversity and Distributions
Diversity and Distributions 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
4.30%
发文量
195
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Diversity and Distributions is a journal of conservation biogeography. We publish papers that deal with the application of biogeographical principles, theories, and analyses (being those concerned with the distributional dynamics of taxa and assemblages) to problems concerning the conservation of biodiversity. We no longer consider papers the sole aim of which is to describe or analyze patterns of biodiversity or to elucidate processes that generate biodiversity.
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