Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Functional Diversity of Iberian Waterbird Communities From Natural Lakes and Man-Made Reservoirs Shows Divergent Temporal Dynamics","authors":"Vicente García-Navas,&nbsp;Andy J. Green","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70267","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial waterbodies are widely recognized as vital habitats for waterfowl conservation, particularly in the Mediterranean region, where natural lentic ecosystems have suffered extensive loss and degradation. Man-made reservoirs represent the widespread and relatively deep artificial bodies of water and are often assumed to harbour poor waterbird communities in comparison with natural lakes. However, no study to date has compared the diversity of natural lakes with that of dam reservoirs on an extensive spatial and temporal scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used long-term wintering waterbird census data (spanning 20-year on average) to compare the functional diversity and temporal dynamics of waterbird communities (<i>n</i> = 2459) from natural shallow lakes (‘lagunas’ in Spanish) and reservoirs in the Iberian Peninsula.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found species richness had a strong non-linear trend, increasing from the mid-1980s to the late-1990s, followed by a gentle decrease. Our results indicate that reservoirs presented higher functional richness in comparison with their natural counterpart, which suggests that environmental filtering acts more restrictively in natural lakes, as they constitute habitats with harsher and more unpredictable conditions. When analysing temporal dynamics, we found that reservoirs exhibited a marked temporal increase in functional richness whereas lakes showed little change over time. The rise in functional richness in reservoirs is mainly driven by the increasing dominance of functionally distinctive species—particularly piscivores and large wading birds such as storks—whose traits extend the multidimensional niche volume of the assemblages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight that temporal change in functional diversity is not driven solely by increases in richness or the distinctiveness of colonizing species, but by whether the species gained over time occupy unique filled regions of the functional space. Overall, the present study underlines the important and increasing role of reservoirs as habitat for a diverse group of birds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70267","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Integrated Species Distribution Models to Improve Range Size Metrics for IUCN Red List Assessments","authors":"Jennifer D. McCabe,&nbsp;Jeff. A. Johnson,&nbsp;John D. J. Clare,&nbsp;Ulises Balza,&nbsp;David R. Barber,&nbsp;Tomás Rivas-Fuenzalida,&nbsp;Valeria S. Ojeda,&nbsp;Francisco Santander,&nbsp;Luke J. Sutton,&nbsp;Brayan Zambrano,&nbsp;Christopher J. W. McClure","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70271","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Estimates of a species' Area of Occupancy (AOO) and Extent of Occurrence (EOO) are key metrics for Red List assessments. Presence-only species distribution models (SDMs) with arbitrary thresholding are commonly used for this task even when data could support more rigorous analyses. We evaluate the advantages of integrated SDMs (iSDMs) over presence-only SDMs for estimating these metrics, focusing on threshold selection and uncertainty quantification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patagonia, South America, including Islas Malvinas/Falkland Islands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We modelled distributions for five raptor species (<i>Glaucidium nana</i>, <i>Strix rufipes</i>, <i>Buteo ventralis</i>, <i>Phalcoboenus australis</i>, <i>P. albogularis</i>), fitting iSDMs using a hierarchical Bayesian framework with spatial random effects in spOccupancy and comparing AOO and EOO estimates to those from Maxent presence-background SDMs. To assess accuracy against a known truth, we then simulated data from an iSDM subject to detection and sampling error, comparing the true AOO (the metric most sensitive to thresholding) to estimates from iSDM and SDM under different thresholding rules.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Empirically, both approaches predicted similar occupancy patterns (<i>r</i> = 0.48–0.90), but AOO and EOO estimates diverged. Threshold choice in Maxent produced variation comparable to iSDM 90% credible intervals, with AOO and EOO ranging over thousands and hundreds of thousands of km², respectively. Only one species showed overlapping EOO estimates between methods, and three overlapping AOO. The iSDM estimates suggested no species qualifies as threatened under Red List Criterion B, though Striated Caracara approached Near Threatened. In simulations, SDM estimates of AOO correlated poorly with the truth regardless of threshold (<i>r</i> = 0.09), whereas iSDM estimates correlated strongly (<i>r</i> = 0.78) with nominal coverage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When detection/non-detection data are available, iSDMs provide uncertainty quantification and avoid arbitrary thresholds, two critical advantages over presence-only SDMs for estimating range-size metrics. We recommend iSDMs for taxonomic groups with such data, rather than degrading data to fit presence-only SDMs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Null Models Reveal Differing Drivers of Multidimensional Beta Diversity Change in Invaded Metacommunities","authors":"William K. Annis,&nbsp;Lily M. Thompson,&nbsp;Luke M. Bower,&nbsp;Stephen R. Midway,&nbsp;Brandon K. Peoples","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Invasion-driven changes in beta diversity (Δβ) are multifaceted (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic) and are comprised of three components (total beta diversity, replacement, and richness difference); therefore, they represent a nine-dimensional phenomenon. Invasion-driven trajectories of multidimensional Δβ are inconsistent and can vary based on the geographic origin of nonnative species, native community structure, and site attributes. Here, we examine the drivers of multidimensional Δβ to better understand how nonnative species alter biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>1023 wadable-stream fish communities across the conterminous United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We characterized nine dimensions of Δβ as changes in local contribution to beta diversity (ΔLCBD) derived from pairwise beta diversity of all 1023 sites between contemporary and native-only assemblages at each site. We used redundancy analysis and variance partitioning to identify and estimate the relative importance of 18 Δβ drivers related to nonnative species origin, propagule pressure, abiotic factors, and native community structure. We compared results between those from raw and null model standardized LCBD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found an overall trend of taxonomic homogenization due to nonnative species occurrences. However, null model standardization revealed inconsistent directional change in functional and phylogenetic Δβ, and also revealed Δβ patterns and drivers that differed from those of raw values. Sites did not contribute evenly to overall Δβ trends, with nonnative species origin and native community structure explaining the most variation in ΔLCBD (16% and 15% respectively). Nonnative occurrences, regardless of origin, contributed to taxonomic homogenization, with the magnitude of change dependent on origin. Native community structure dictated the direction of phylogenetic Δβ, with phylogenetically distinct sites contributing to homogenization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate the utility in using LCBD to identify site-level drivers of Δβ and the need for null model standardization of multidimensional Δβ metrics. Additionally, our results show that spatially explicit definitions of nonnative species are needed to gain robust estimates of Δβ.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Effects of Climate and Land Use Change on Taxus Species: An Integrated Modelling Framework for Identifying Long-Term Refugia","authors":"Shuo Zhang,&nbsp;Yajie Zhou,&nbsp;Zhuoyi Wu,&nbsp;Xi Long,&nbsp;Shaolin Peng,&nbsp;Ting Zhou","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70269","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Biodiversity is fundamental to maintaining ecosystem function and stability, while climate change (CC) and land-use/land-cover change (LUCC) jointly threaten the survival of endangered tree species. Currently, the individual and combined effects of these two factors on species distribution remain unclear, and their interaction mechanisms are poorly understood. This uncertainty hinders the identification of long-term refugia and the development of targeted conservation strategies. Using five &lt;i&gt;Taxus&lt;/i&gt; as an objective species, we aim to (1) quantify the drivers of habitat change, (2) unravel the interaction mechanisms between CC and LUCC, and (3) delineate long-term refugia areas to support global biodiversity targets.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;China.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To address this, this study coupled a stacked species distribution model (SSDM), a patch-generating land-use simulation (PLUS), and an optimized geodetector (OPGD) to construct an integrated ‘simulation-optimization’ modelling framework. This approach systematically revealed the distribution patterns and response mechanisms of the endangered species &lt;i&gt;Taxus&lt;/i&gt; under multiple future scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Results indicated that habitat changes for &lt;i&gt;Taxus florinii&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Taxus wallichiana&lt;/i&gt; were mainly driven by independent effects, with LUCC as the dominant driver. In contrast, &lt;i&gt;Taxus mairei&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Taxus chinensis&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Taxus cuspidata&lt;/i&gt; exhibited a synergistic effect between CC and LUCC (&lt;i&gt;q&lt;/i&gt; = 0.88), primarily driven by the combined effects of minimum monthly temperature (Bio6), annual temperature range (Bio7), annual precipitation (Bio12), urbanization and agricultural intensification. By quantifying critical factor thresholds (e.g., Bio6 &gt; −14.2°C, human pressure index &lt; 26), this study delineated species ecological adaptation ranges.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Priority conservation areas, such as the Northeast Laoyeling and Southwest Hengduan Mountains, were identified based on recognized long-term refugia. Although this study uses &lt;i&gt;Taxus&lt;/i&gt; as a case example, the framework is universally applicable. It provides scientific evidence and spatial decision support for implementing species conservation targets outlined in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic Niche Breadth Predicts Invasion Success at the Transport Stage in Ants","authors":"Zoé Sherpa,&nbsp;Aitana Ralda Corfas,&nbsp;Olivia K. Bates,&nbsp;Cleo Bertelsmeier","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70260","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying traits that predispose species to successfully invade environments is key to predicting future invaders. A large climatic niche breadth in the native range has been hypothesized to increase invasion success elsewhere. Previous investigations of this hypothesis have mostly focused on a single stage of the invasion process, often establishment or spread, potentially obscuring the effect of niche breadth across stages. Additionally, most studies have focused on vertebrates and higher plants, largely overlooking invasions of terrestrial invertebrates. Over 500 ant species have been transported beyond their native ranges with varying degrees of subsequent invasion success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We quantified the native climatic niche breadth of 1420 ant species. Using logistic regression models, we then modelled species' success in transport, establishment and invasiveness according to native niche breadth, while accounting for native range size and shared ancestry among genera.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By isolating transport and establishment, we showed that native niche breadth and range size promoted likelihood of transport, but not establishment. This contrasts with previous findings in plants and vertebrates where niche breadth was consistently associated with establishment success. Finally, native niche breadth showed only weak support as a predictor of impact-based invasiveness and did not predict spread-based invasiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study highlights the importance of investigating transport success and explicitly modelling invasion stages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148943065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Environmentally Grounded Pseudo-Absence Sampling for Species Distribution Models: A Language Guided Framework’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70272","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Miok, K.</span>, <span>A. V. Laza</span>, <span>B. Škrlj</span>, <span>M. Robnik-Šikonja</span>, and <span>L. Pârvulescu</span>. <span>2026</span>. “ <span>Environmentally Grounded Pseudo-Absence Sampling for Species Distribution Models: A Language Guided Framework</span>.” <i>Diversity and Distributions</i> <span>32</span>, no. <span>5</span>: e70199. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70199.\u0000 </p><p>The funding statement in the Acknowledgements section for author Kristian Miok was incorrect in the original published article. The correct funding statement is provided below.</p><p>K.M. was supported by the European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND Postdoctoral Programme (SMASH, Grant Agreement No. 101081355), with co-funding from the Republic of Slovenia and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund.</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70272","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Uncertainty in Plant Records: Implications for Research and Conservation","authors":"Jithu K. Jose","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species occurrence data are fundamental to ecological research and biodiversity conservation, with primary inputs derived from natural history collections and their associated digital repositories. The reliability of such data is strongly dependent on spatial accuracy. Although the rapid digitisation of herbarium specimens and the expansion of citizen science platforms such as iNaturalist have substantially increased data availability, concerns regarding geographic precision persist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global, however we particularly focus on a threatened endemic tree species (<i>Humboldtia bourdillonii</i>) from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India as a case study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined occurrence records derived from natural history collections and online biodiversity repositories, including digitised herbarium records and citizen science platforms. Records were evaluated for geographic precision and potential spatial errors associated with imprecise georeferencing, incorrect or ambiguous localities and coordinate obscuration. We assessed how these inaccuracies could affect the interpretation of species distributions and conservation status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Errors arising from imprecise georeferencing, mislabelled localities, and deliberate coordinate obscuration can significantly bias biodiversity analyses, species distribution modelling and extinction risk evaluations. Using the narrowly endemic and highly threatened tree species <i>Humboldtia bourdillonii</i> from the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot as a case study, we illustrate how spatial inaccuracies in databases can impact conservation assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For geographically restricted and threatened plants, occurrence data quality may be more important than data quantity. The rapid expansion of digitised collections and citizen science observations provides valuable opportunities for biodiversity research, but increased availability does not necessarily ensure increased reliability. Expert taxonomic and geographic validation, rigorous data cleaning and field-based verification should therefore be integral components of occurrence-data workflows and conservation assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast and Exact Algorithm for Balanced Spatial Priority Ranking","authors":"Pauli Lehtinen,&nbsp;Atte Moilanen","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70261","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spatial (conservation) prioritization (SCP) can provide decision support for conservation planning and ecologically based land use planning in general. Technically, it involves integrated analysis of spatial data about the distributions of biodiversity features (species, habitat types, ecosystem services, etc.), costs and opportunity costs, threats (a.k.a. pressures; stressors), and land use restrictions. Here we provide a major improvement to a previously published priority ranking algorithm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Innovation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We establish mathematical bounds that significantly limit the number of grid cells that need to be evaluated during each iteration of the priority ranking, and describe a novel algorithm for the computation of the spatial priority map. By comparing it to previously published algorithms, we show that the novel algorithm is both exact and very fast and that its performance significantly exceeds the previous methods with large high-resolution data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SCP can be computationally very challenging, because high-resolution national to global analysis implies spatial data with tens of millions to billions of grid cells of data for potentially thousands of biodiversity features. The new algorithm provides exact solutions to problems that are larger than those that have been analysed with approximate solution methods before.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Five Decades of Land-Cover Change Reshaped Suitable Habitat for Puerto Rican Tree Species","authors":"Laura Moro,&nbsp;Pascal Milesi,&nbsp;Eileen H. Helmer,&nbsp;María Uriarte,&nbsp;Robert Muscarella","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human land-use has dramatically altered the amount, quality and connectivity of habitat for species worldwide. Understanding how these changes affect individual species is essential for predicting the overall consequences of land-use change for biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Caribbean island of Puerto Rico. Forest cover on the island increased from about 18% to 45% from the late 1940's to the early 2000's.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data on modelled geographic distributions and functional traits for 546 tree species, we evaluated how the gain of modelled potential suitable habitat (i.e., climatically-suitable and forested) was related to species-specific climatic associations and life-history strategies. We estimated species-specific potential suitable habitat (climatically suitable and forested) with species distribution models and data on land cover. We characterized each species' niche breadth (the range of environmental conditions it occupies) and niche position (the environmental conditions it prefers) to compare with the niche characteristics of reforested lands (i.e., those that changed from nonforest to forest land cover).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species with relatively more potential suitable habitat in 1951 also had relatively larger gains in potential suitable habitat from 1951 to 2000. Species that tend to occur in conditions different from those common in reforested areas (i.e., associated with more ‘marginal’ habitats) gained relatively less potential suitable habitat and species with broad environmental niches gained more potential suitable habitat. Niche breadth was weakly associated with changes in connectivity among patches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results show that Puerto Rico's reforestation preferentially increased potential suitable habitat for species that (1) already had suitable habitat in the landscape and (2) tolerate a wide range of climatic conditions. Our findings illustrate how land-use change in heterogeneous tropical landscapes can generate non-uniform habitat gains across species, which may favour generalist over specialist species and potentially alter community composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not Cryptogenic: Molecular and Historical Evidence Supports Introduction of Asparagopsis taxiformis (Rhodophyta) Into the Galápagos Islands","authors":"Omri Nahor,&nbsp;Álvaro Israel,&nbsp;James T. Carlton,&nbsp;Inti Keith,&nbsp;Tal Luzzatto-Knaan","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70268","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying the origins of widespread species is crucial for conservation in isolated biodiversity hotspots, where ‘cryptogenic’ status often hinders effective biosecurity. We investigated the genetic identity and introduction history of the red macroalga <i>Asparagopsis taxiformis</i> in the Galápagos Islands to resolve its cryptogenic status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted the first molecular survey of <i>A. taxiformis</i> across the archipelago, integrating contemporary collections with archival herbarium specimens spanning 40 years (1985–2024). Three genetic markers (<i>cox2-3</i> spacer, <i>rbcL</i> and LSU) were used to identify lineages and assess genetic uniformity over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All successfully sequenced specimens, including historical samples, belong exclusively to the L2 lineage, a clade associated with the Indo-West and Central Pacific. The repeated detection of this single, genetically uniform lineage across four decades is consistent with long-term establishment following introduction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings indicate that <i>A. taxiformis</i> in the Galápagos is most consistent with an introduction via shipping activity, based on the combination of molecular uniformity and historical absence prior to the mid-20th century. This study demonstrates the power of archival DNA in resolving invasion histories. These results underscore the urgent need for ecological risk assessments to safeguard the unique marine biodiversity of the Galápagos from non-native macroalgae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148942526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}