Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Boom and bust: the effects of masting on seed predator range dynamics and trophic cascades","authors":"Michael T. Hallworth,&nbsp;Alexej P. K. Sirén,&nbsp;William V. DeLuca,&nbsp;Timothy R. Duclos,&nbsp;Kent P. McFarland,&nbsp;Jason M. Hill,&nbsp;Christopher C. Rimmer,&nbsp;Toni Lyn Morelli","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13861","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13861","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spatiotemporal variation in resource availability is a strong driver of animal distributions. In the northern hardwood and boreal forests of the northeastern United States, tree mast events provide resource pulses that drive the population dynamics of small mammals, including the American red squirrel (<i>Tamiasciurus hudsonicus</i>), a primary songbird nest predator. This study sought to determine whether mast availability ameliorates their abiotic limits, enabling red squirrel elevational distributions to temporarily expand and negatively impact high-elevation songbirds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Northeastern United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used two independent datasets to evaluate our hypotheses. First, we fit a dynamic occupancy model using data from camera trap surveys to evaluate red squirrel distributional responses to pulses in the tree mast. We also assessed population responses using systematic auditory surveys analysed with an open-population binomial mixture model. Further, we used modelled red squirrel abundance in nest-survival models to evaluate whether their abundance is correlated with the daily nest survival of three songbird species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The tree mast provided a critical resource pulse that resulted in a two-fold increase in the annual elevational distribution of red squirrels. The elevational distribution of red squirrels ranged from a minimum of ~450 m (range: 663–1145 m asl) following two consecutive years without a masting event to a maximum of over 1000 m (range: 443–1545 m asl) after a large mast event. The daily nest survival of three songbird species tended to decline with an increase in the abundance of red squirrels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tree mast is a central biological phenomenon in many temperate and boreal forests. This study reveals how this resource pulse results in range changes in a small mammal that is both a seed and bird predator, as well as prey for many carnivores. Thus, understanding this phenomenon can inform the conservation and management of northern forests, including breeding songbirds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deforestation limits evolutionary rescue under climate change in Amazonian lizards","authors":"Josué A. R. Azevedo,&nbsp;Søren Faurby,&nbsp;Guarino R. Colli,&nbsp;Alexandre Antonelli,&nbsp;Fernanda P. Werneck","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13860","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13860","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of climate change on biodiversity is often analysed under a stable evolutionary perspective focused on whether species can currently tolerate warmer climates. However, species may adapt to changes, and particularly under conditions of low habitat fragmentation, standing adaptive genetic variation can spread across populations tracking changing climates, increasing the potential for evolutionary rescue. Here, our aim is to integrate genomic data, niche modelling and landscape ecology to predict range shifts and the potential for evolutionary rescue.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The megadiverse Amazonian rainforest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use genome–environment association analyses to search for candidate loci under environmental selection, while accounting for neutral genetic variation in a widespread Amazonian whiptail lizard (Teiidae: <i>Kentropyx calcarata</i>). We then model the distribution of individuals with genotypes adapted to different climate conditions. We predict range shifts for each genotype in distinct future climate change scenarios by integrating this information with dispersal constraints based on predicted scenarios of forest cover across Amazonia. The predicted ranges of each genotype were then overlapped to infer the potential for evolutionary rescue.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We find that the potential for evolutionary rescue and, therefore, a smaller degree of range loss buffering extinction risk in the future is considerably high, provided that current forest cover is retained and climate change is not extreme. However, under extreme environmental change scenarios, range loss will be high in central and southern Amazonia, irrespective of the degree of deforestation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that protecting the Amazonian rainforest against further deforestation and mitigating climate change to moderate scenarios until 2070 could foster evolutionary rescue of ectothermic organisms. These actions could prevent substantial biodiversity loss in Amazonia, emphasizing the importance of understanding species adaptability in maintaining biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141059807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersal restriction and facilitation in species with differing tolerance to development: A landscape genetics study of native and introduced lizards","authors":"Payton M. Phillips,&nbsp;Kelley E. Langhans,&nbsp;Matthew R. Helmus,&nbsp;Wendy A. M. Jesse,&nbsp;Yann Surget-Groba,&nbsp;Jocelyn E. Behm","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13858","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13858","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The development of natural habitats into urban land uses has greatly accelerated in the recent past due to human activities. This habitat development disrupts species' natural dispersal processes and can lead to both direct and indirect impacts on dispersal. Whether human activities result in restricted or facilitated dispersal may depend on a species' development tolerance; however, this premise has not been tested. We examined the impact of urbanization and road networks on the dispersal of three lizard species in the context of their development tolerance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Curaçao.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To quantify species' development tolerance, we modelled three lizard species abundances at sites based on surrounding landscape development. Using microsatellite genotypes, we conducted individual-based resistance surface analyses and modelled the effect of habitat development on genetic admixture to assess indirect dispersal restriction and facilitation. We explored direct facilitation of dispersal using network analysis of mitochondrial haplotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Phyllodactylus martini</i>, a native gecko species, was the least tolerant of development and experienced indirect dispersal restriction due to roads, according to resistance surface analyses. <i>Anolis lineatus</i>, a native anole species, exhibited a neutral relationship with development. Resistance surfaces and Structure analyses showed that <i>A. lineatus</i> faced indirect dispersal restrictions from roads and developed areas, while mitochondrial haplotype networks suggested they benefited from occasional human-facilitated long-distance dispersal events. <i>Hemidactylus mabouia</i>, an introduced gecko species, was the most tolerant of development, and experienced no dispersal restriction, but mitochondrial haplotypes suggest direct long-distance dispersal facilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight development tolerance as a key predictor of dispersal impact for these species and future work should test whether these patterns are upheld in other systems. Understanding how human activities affect species' dispersal will aid in managing introduced species while promoting connectivity for native species navigating dispersal challenges in dynamic landscapes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13741","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image relates to the Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13850“Native fish assemblages in natural lakes across Japan: Endemism deterioration lasting centuries” by Dai et al. The big-scaled redfin (<i>Pseudaspius hakonensis</i>), or Ugui in Japanese, a widely found native freshwater fish of Japan, pictured at Lake Biwa Museum. Photo credit: Bingguo Dai.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140919340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers and spatial patterns of avian defaunation in tropical forests","authors":"Iago Ferreiro‐Arias, Luca Santini, H. S. Sathya Chandra Sagar, Cécile Richard‐Hansen, Eric Guilbert, Pierre‐Michel Forget, Marijke van Kuijk, Andressa B. Scabin, Carlos A. Peres, Eloy Revilla, Ana Benítez‐López","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13855","url":null,"abstract":"AimWildlife overexploitation, either for food consumption or for the pet trade, is one of the main threats to bird species in tropical forests. Yet, the spatial distribution and intensity of harvesting pressure on tropical birds remain challenging to quantify. Here, we identify the drivers of hunting‐induced declines in bird abundance and quantify the magnitude and the spatial extent of avian defaunation at a pantropical scale.LocationPantropical.MethodsWe compiled 2968 abundance estimates in hunted and non‐hunted sites across the tropics spanning 518 bird species. Using a Bayesian modelling framework, we fitted species' abundance response ratios to a set of drivers of hunting pressure and species traits. Subsequently, we applied our model to quantify the spatial patterns of avian defaunation across tropical forests and to assess avian defaunation across biogeographic realms, and for species captured for the pet trade or for food consumption.ResultsBody mass and its interactions with hunter accessibility and proximity to urban markets were the most important drivers of hunting‐induced bird abundance declines. We estimated a mean abundance reduction of 12% across the tropics for all species, and that 43% of the extent of tropical forests harbour defaunated avian communities. Large‐bodied species and the Indomalayan realm displayed the greatest abundance declines. Further, moderate to high levels of defaunation extended over 24% of the pantropical forest area, with distinct spatial patterns for species captured for the pet trade (Brazil, China and Indonesia) and for food consumption (SE Asia and West Africa).Main ConclusionsOur study emphasizes the role of hunter accessibility and the proximity to urban markets as major drivers of bird abundance declines due to hunting and trapping. We further identified hotspots where overexploitation has detrimental effects on tropical birds, encompassing local extinction events, thus underscoring the urgent need for conservation efforts to address unsustainable exploitation for both subsistence and trade.","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140929715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and functional effects of global invasion pressure on benthic marine communities—patterns, challenges and priorities","authors":"Anastasija Zaiko,&nbsp;Alice Cardeccia,&nbsp;James T. Carlton,&nbsp;Graeme F. Clark,&nbsp;Joel C. Creed,&nbsp;Ian Davidson,&nbsp;Oliver Floerl,&nbsp;Bella Galil,&nbsp;Edwin Grosholz,&nbsp;Grant A. Hopkins,&nbsp;Emma L. Johnston,&nbsp;Jonne Kotta,&nbsp;Agnese Marchini,&nbsp;Henn Ojaveer,&nbsp;Gregory Ruiz,&nbsp;Thomas W. Therriault,&nbsp;Graeme J. Inglis","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13838","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13838","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective (pre- vs. post-invasion) and cross-sectional comparisons of ecosystems exposed to high and low bioinvasion pressure, provide an alternative approach to evaluate shifts in biological communities associated with non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions. In this study, we aimed to examine general patterns of change in community composition, structure and function in six well-studied and globally distributed marine ecosystems that had documented histories of biological invasions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>By considering a range of regional datasets and different sampling approaches, we evaluated trends within and among ecosystems by comparing paired measures of community and functional structure in either space or time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analyses revealed different patterns of structural and functional change at ecosystem scales, but direct comparisons across regions were hindered by confounding effects of study designs and other drivers of change. The most prominent shifts in community composition were observed in the retrospective studies, characterised by the greatest relative contribution of NIS. No uniform pattern of change in functional metrics was observed across study regions. However, functional evenness and dispersion showed a tendency to increase in systems under higher invasion pressure, refuting the hypothesis of selective accumulation of specific traits and functional homogenisation within ecosystems exposed to high invasion pressure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulation of NIS within broader communities can be a subtle process, with inherent spatial and temporal variability. Nonetheless, not only do species' proportional contributions to communities change over time in areas subjected to high bioinvasion pressure, but trait profiles can incrementally shift, which alters the original ecology of an area. Planned, long-term studies that incorporate a range of measures of environmental drivers and ecosystem response are crucial for better understanding of cumulative, community-level and ecosystem-scale change associated with biological invasions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13838","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140929917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant–pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators","authors":"Corina Maurer,&nbsp;Carlos Martínez-Núñez,&nbsp;Christophe Dominik,&nbsp;Jonna Heuschele,&nbsp;Yicong Liu,&nbsp;Peter Neumann,&nbsp;Robert J. Paxton,&nbsp;Loïc Pellissier,&nbsp;Willem Proesmans,&nbsp;Oliver Schweiger,&nbsp;Hajnalka Szentgyörgyi,&nbsp;Adam Vanbergen,&nbsp;Matthias Albrecht","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13853","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13853","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant–pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, is key to assess the consequences of landscape simplification on network stability and pollination services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>France, Germany, and Switzerland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed 24 landscape-scale plant–pollinator networks from standardised transect walks along landscape simplification gradients in three countries. We compared the rates of species and interaction diversity loss along the landscape simplification gradient and then stepwise excluded the top 1%–20% most abundant pollinators from the data set to evaluate their effect on interaction diversity, network robustness to secondary loss of species, and flower visitation frequencies in simplified landscapes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interaction diversity was not more vulnerable than species diversity to landscape simplification, with pollinator and interaction diversity showing similar rates of erosion with landscape simplification. We found that 20% of both species and interactions are lost with an increase of arable crop cover from 30% to 80% in a landscape. The decrease in interaction diversity was partially buffered by persistent abundant generalist pollinators in simplified landscapes, which were nested subsets of pollinator communities in complex landscapes, while plants showed a high turnover in interactions across landscapes. The top 5% most abundant pollinator species also contributed to network robustness against secondary species loss but could not prevent flowers from a loss of visits in simplified landscapes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although persistent abundant pollinators buffered the decrease in interaction diversity in simplified landscapes and stabilised network robustness, flower visitation frequency was reduced, emphasising potentially severe consequences of further ongoing land-use change for pollination services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13853","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underprediction of extirpation and colonisation following climate and land-use change using species distribution models","authors":"Alistair G. Auffret,&nbsp;Hedvig Nenzén,&nbsp;Ester Polaina","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13834","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13834","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the performance of species distribution models in predicting observed colonisations, persistences and extirpations in response to changes in climate and land use over a multi-decadal period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sweden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use historical (early 20th century) land use and climate data to build species distribution models for 84 plant species across three provinces of Sweden. Model performance was then evaluated internally using a subset of the historical data for cross-validation, as well as by using the models to project occurrences to the modern day and validating them with observed occurrences from 1990 to 2020. We then analysed predicted and observed occurrences in the modern period in terms of persistence, extirpation (local extinction) and colonisation in relation to species' habitat and climate associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found overall high agreement between evaluation methods, although internal evaluation gave consistently higher values for model performance (using true skill statistic, TSS). Overall, extirpations were worst predicted, with on average fewer than one-third of each species' extirpations being foreseen by the models. Colonisations were better predicted, while persistences were relatively well-predicted. Predictive accuracy of colonisations was higher for species with relatively warmer temperature associations (climate-driven expansion), while extirpations were better predicted in cool-related species (retractions at cool edges). Colonisations of forest-associated species were more common than predicted (underpredicted), despite widespread patterns of afforestation. Assessing grid-cell level turnover, we found that in grid cells that experienced the largest changes in terms of climate and land use, predicted extirpations were less likely to have happened.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that commonly applied modelling approaches have limited ability to predict observed changes in species occurrences, especially extirpations. This suggests that we should take predictions of future biodiversity loss very seriously. However, the ability for species to (at least temporarily) persist in unsuitable conditions could be an opportunity for biodiversity conservation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SNP-based analysis of European Thymallus spp. (Salmonidae) reveals extensive mito-nuclear discordance relevant for biogeographic inferences, taxonomy and conservation","authors":"Gernot K. Englmaier,&nbsp;Nuria Viñuela Rodríguez,&nbsp;Jernej Bravničar,&nbsp;Lukas Zangl,&nbsp;Henri Persat,&nbsp;Saša Marić,&nbsp;Clemens Ratschan,&nbsp;Bo Delling,&nbsp;Duarte V. Gonçalves,&nbsp;Giulia Secci-Petretto,&nbsp;Elsa Froufe,&nbsp;Steven J. Weiss","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13845","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13845","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paleohydrological dynamics are well-documented for European river systems, promoting shifting phases of isolation and connectivity of their aquatic fauna. These conditions coupled with high rates of hybridisation found in freshwater fishes may introduce considerable complexity and potential mito-nuclear discordance of phylogenetic patterns. We evaluate this hypothesis using the first large-scale analysis of nuclear SNPs in European species of grayling (<i>Thymallus</i>) compared to mtDNA data with the aim of reassessing the evolutionary history of this group of rheophilic fishes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Freshwater systems in Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on mitochondrial (mitogenomes, control region) and nuclear (ddRADseq) data, we applied population-genetic, phylogenetic, and biogeographic tools to evaluate lineage diversity in the context of paleohydrological alterations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results corroborated previously recognised high levels of lineage diversity, but revealed several cases of mito-nuclear discordance and signals of both historical (natural) and human-mediated introgression among major inter- and intraspecific lineages of <i>Thymallus</i> in Europe. A time-calibrated phylogeny and ancestral area estimation, based on nuclear SNP data, supported a late Pliocene diversification of the genus in Europe and suggested an early colonisation of the Black Sea basin with subsequent dispersal into Central and Western Europe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The genetic structure of <i>Thymallus</i> in Europe recovered by nuclear SNPs contrasts considerably with that supported by mtDNA. Several instances of mito-nuclear discordance underscore frequent contact of allopatric lineages in a dynamic paleohydrological landscape and reveal the weakness of basing both taxonomic and conservation decisions on inferences based on mtDNA alone. The Danube and Rhine drainages were inferred as important zones of contact between divergent phylogeographic lineages. Additionally, our data cast doubt on the genetic integrity of the endangered <i>T. aeliani</i>. Its divergence from <i>T. thymallus</i>, using nuclear SNPs, appears minimal as samples of <i>T. aeliani</i> group within Danubian lineages, despite carrying highly divergent reciprocally monophyletic mtDNA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13845","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate and anthropogenic activities threaten two langur species irrespective of their range size","authors":"Xiulin Ye,&nbsp;Paul A. Garber,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Xumao Zhao","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13841","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ddi.13841","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;If species fail to track the pace of climate change, areas of suitable habitat and population size are likely to decline, threatening species survivorship. Here, we incorporated multiple measures of environmental change and species-specific habitat requirements to assess the responses of two closely related primate species to future changes in climate and habitat conversion. Specifically, we tested whether the comparatively wider-ranging and Endangered François' langur (&lt;i&gt;Trachypithecus francoisi&lt;/i&gt;) is better suited to withstand future anthropogenic habitat conversion and climate change than is the more narrowly ranging and critically endangered white-headed langurs (&lt;i&gt;T. leucocephalus&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;China.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We used species distribution models (SDMs) models and population viability analyses, and calculated dispersal velocity and biotic velocity, to predict the impact of climate and anthropogenic activity on the distribution and survivorship of two closely related primate species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We found that: (1) by the year 2050, the area of suitable habitat for both primate species is expected to decline by 45% to 47%; (2) the population size of François' langurs is expected to increase to 4000 individuals (129%) and the population size of white-headed langurs is expected to increase to 1400 individuals (133%); (3) biotic velocity, defined as the minimum migration rate required by a species to track its preferred climatic conditions, was 2.84 and 1.48 km/year for François' langurs and white-headed langurs, respectively; and (4) dispersal velocity, defined as the distance a species has spread over a given period, was 0.82 km/year for both langur species.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We demonstrate that despite expected population growth, by the year 2050, habitat contraction and insufficient opportunities for dispersal will likely prevent both primate species from tracking and adjusting to changing climate conditions. Moreover, the more widely ranging species, &lt;i&gt;T. francoisi&lt;/i&gt;, was not found to have a survival advantage over the more narrowly ranging species (&lt;i&gt;T. leucocephalus&lt;/i&gt;) under future conditions of climate change and continued anthropogenic habitat conversion, resulting in a high risk of extinction for both langur species. The modelling approach used here is ","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}