Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Delimitation of Evolutionary Significant Units Reveals Hidden Geographic Drivers of Extinction Risk Within Island Arthropods","authors":"Eduardo Jiménez-García,&nbsp;Daniel Suárez,&nbsp;Carmelo Andújar,&nbsp;Heriberto López,&nbsp;Brent C. Emerson","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13966","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Globally, arthropod biodiversity is under threat, with increased risk of species-level extinctions, and this threat is particularly acute on oceanic islands. A fundamental first step towards understanding extinction risk is to understand genetic connectivity among the constituent populations of a species. Our aim is to develop and implement a protocol to characterise genetic connectivity among island populations within arthropod species to reveal otherwise hidden range size drivers of extinction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Canary Islands, Spain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We implement a protocol based on mtDNA sequence data for the delimitation of evolutionary significant units (ESUs) to evaluate extinction risk among species of beetle and spider distributed across multiple islands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results reveal that more than half of the species analysed are comprised of two or more ESUs. We also find that low dispersal ability was a significant predictor of ESUs within species of Coleoptera, but with no significant difference for Araneae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most ESUs are consistent with early stage differentiation or incipient speciation, with some exceeding a conservative interspecific threshold, thus indicative of cryptic species. We suggest that extending our approach with the integration of other species-level traits may provide for a more refined predictive framework for understanding extinction risks across island arthropod species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When One Global Invasion Hides Another—Cryptic Interspecific Invasion in Freshwater Gastropods","authors":"Christian Albrecht,&nbsp;Catharina Clewing,&nbsp;Hanno Seebens,&nbsp;Fred D. Chibwana,&nbsp;Edson Lourenço Da Silva,&nbsp;Manuella F. Leal,&nbsp;Roger Lingofo Bolaya,&nbsp;Ristiyanti M. Marwoto,&nbsp;Alexander Odaibo,&nbsp;Tamaris G. Pinheiro,&nbsp;Michael O. Popoola,&nbsp;Frank Riedel,&nbsp;Björn Stelbrink","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13958","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cryptic invasions are an understudied phenomenon among species invasions, especially in freshwater invertebrates. We study the gastropod family Physidae, including the global invaders &lt;i&gt;Physella acuta&lt;/i&gt; and several enigmatic &lt;i&gt;Stenophysa&lt;/i&gt; species, their phylogenetic relationships and the presence of native species among African Physidae. We infer distribution pattern, colonisation history and invasion ecology across Africa. Finally, we reconstruct the colonisation pathways and their timing into, across (and out of) Africa and model future dispersal.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Global, with a focus on Africa and Indian Ocean islands.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Based on extensive sampling, multi-gene phylogenetic, phylogeographic and ecological analyses, including species distribution modelling, we here examine Physidae globally.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The Physidae probably originated in the Lower Cretaceous. A robust phylogeny showed four strongly supported genus-level clades corresponding to &lt;i&gt;Physella&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Physa&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Stenophysa&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Aplexa&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Physella acuta&lt;/i&gt; thrives in continental African countries and Indian Ocean islands. The African continent was colonised at least six times independently.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;For &lt;i&gt;Stenophysa&lt;/i&gt;, the phylogeny suggests two independent transoceanic dispersal events into Africa and the Indian Ocean islands. &lt;i&gt;Physella acuta&lt;/i&gt; occurs not only in artificial or highly disturbed habitats but also in large natural lakes. &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;tenophysa&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;marmorata&lt;/i&gt; is ecologically flexible. The SDM for &lt;i&gt;S. marmorata&lt;/i&gt; based on the selected climate variables predicted high probabilities of future occurrence in equatorial Africa and regions in the Indo-Malayan Archipelago, New Guinea and eastern Australia.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Physidae contains examples of both intraspecific cryptic and interspecific cryptic invasions, with an intraspecific invasion of &lt;i&gt;Physella acuta&lt;/i&gt; and a prime example of an interspecific cryptic invasion of &lt;i&gt;Stenophysa&lt;/i&gt; spp. This study highlights the importance of cryptic invasions in freshwaters and also calls for their management. &lt;i&gt;Stenophysa&lt;/i&gt; is likely to become pan-tropical in the future. Physidae are an excellent model to study differential patterns and processes of intra- versus interspecific invasions","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13958","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhodolith Beds in Brazil—A Natural Heritage in Need of Conservation","authors":"Nadine Schubert,&nbsp;Rafael A. Magris,&nbsp;Flávio Berchez,&nbsp;Angelo F. Bernardino,&nbsp;Carlos E. L. Ferreira,&nbsp;Ronaldo B. Francini-Filho,&nbsp;Tainá L. Gaspar,&nbsp;Guilherme H. Pereira-Filho,&nbsp;Sergio Rossi,&nbsp;João Silva,&nbsp;Marina N. Sissini,&nbsp;Marcelo O. Soares,&nbsp;Frederico T. S. Tâmega,&nbsp;Fernando Tuya,&nbsp;Paulo A. Horta","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13960","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Brazil harbours the largest known extent of rhodolith beds (RBs) in the world, a habitat whose ecological and economic importance have been widely overlooked. This creates a dire situation that is likely to worsen with the rapidly expanding human activities, considering that less than 5% of Brazil's ocean area is fully protected. We assessed the importance of Brazilian RBs for supporting biodiversity, at a country-wide level, and identified multi-criteria hotspots that, in face of lack of protection and presence of anthropogenic threats, could safeguard conservation seascapes across Southwestern Atlantic waters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a systematic review of studies on Brazilian RBs to retrieve information regarding their spatial distribution and associated biodiversity. Multi-criteria hotspots were identified based on the areas where high species diversity co-occurs with a high presence of endemic, threatened and commercially important species. Furthermore, we assessed how well RBs are covered by marine protected areas (MPAs), as well as their spatial overlap with multiple threats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Existing records for Brazilian RBs indicate &gt; 1000 different species, mostly fish and algae, including significant numbers of endemic, threatened and commercially important species. Most of the RBs are either unprotected or only partially protected, including the majority of the biodiversity hotspots identified by our analysis. Among the main potential threats to RBs, bottom trawling ranks highest, while the expansion of seabed mining and oil and gas activities may sharply increase the risk of cumulative impacts on RBs in the near future.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our large-scale quantitative assessment confirms the significant role of RBs as biodiversity hotspots. This information could be leveraged to help meet the twin goals of RB conservation, through the establishment of highly-protected MPAs in hotspot areas, and their sustainable use through an ecosystem-based approach that accounts for vulnerabilities of RBs to multiple threats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation Biogeography of Mountain Vipers: A Phylogenetic Niche Modelling Approach","authors":"Mohsen Ahmadi,&nbsp;Mahmoud-Reza Hemami,&nbsp;Mohammad Kaboli,&nbsp;Somayeh Ghane-Ameleh,&nbsp;Mansoureh Malekian","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13955","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mountain vipers belonging to the <i>Montivipera</i> genus represent a fascinating example of neo-endemism found in the high plateaus of Iran, Anatolia and the Caucasus. Given the conservation challenges faced by these species, it is crucial to understand their phylogenetic relationships and suitable habitats in order to implement effective conservation strategies. In this study, we integrated phylogeny and Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) techniques to investigate the conservation biogeography of mountain vipers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irano-Anatolian, Caucasus and Levant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We first reconstructed phylogenetic tree of the species, and then, by using a set of occurrence records of the identified clades and environmental variables we modelled ecological niche of the species using the MaxEnt model and PCA-env analysis. Finally, we conducted a gap analysis to assess the conservation status of the species, taking into account their representation within Protected Areas (PAs) in the region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results revealed a well-resolved phylogenetic divergence of the species into three main clades and 12 lineages, which corresponded to their geographic distribution. Results of the MaxEnt model showed excellent predictive performance (AUC &gt; 0.9 and TSS &gt; 0.8) for all species. Both ENM analyses demonstrated varying levels of ecological niche conservatism, divergence and convergence across environmental gradients. The gap analysis showed a better representation of mountain vipers within Iran's PAs (20.3% overlap), particularly compared to those in Turkey (2.9%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We designate mountain vipers as phylogeographic focal species due to their isolated distribution in the region's mountains and the significant overlap of their suitable habitats with paleontological refugia. We emphasise their significance in promoting PAs and prioritising conservation efforts for the region's biota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13955","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trait-Based Indicators of Marine Communities' Sensitivity to Climate Change and Fishing","authors":"Julia Polo,&nbsp;Lucía López-López,&nbsp;Georg H. Engelhard,&nbsp;Antonio Punzón,&nbsp;Manuel Hidalgo,&nbsp;Louise A. Rutterford,&nbsp;Marta Sainz Bariáin,&nbsp;José Manuel González-Irusta,&nbsp;Antonio Esteban,&nbsp;Encarnación García,&nbsp;Miguel Vivas,&nbsp;Laurene Pecuchet","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13959","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Overexploitation of wildlife and anthropogenic climate change are key drivers of global biodiversity loss. Investigating how these stressors interact and affect ecosystems is critical for conservation efforts. Following trait-based vulnerability assessments, we propose two community-level sensitivity indicators: climate change (&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CC&lt;/sub&gt;) and fishing pressure (&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;FP&lt;/sub&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cantabrian and Spanish Mediterranean Sea.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Both indicators were calculated for 246 fish and megabenthos species, sampled during 1994–2019 in two areas with contrasting levels of warming and fishing pressure. Indicator calculation was based on traits that, according to existing evidence, can be linked to (1) sensitivity to climate change (scored as &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CC&lt;/sub&gt;) and (2) sensitivity to fishing pressure (&lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;FP&lt;/sub&gt;). Using each species' sensitivity scores, and abundance data from the surveys, we explored whether these areas' community-level sensitivity has changed spatiotemporally in line with the expected functional responses to these predominant pressures.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Although both regions have warmed, the Spanish Mediterranean is far more so. Its community-level S&lt;sub&gt;CC&lt;/sub&gt; has decreased, reflecting a shift in composition from warm-sensitive to warm-affinity species. In contrast, sensitivity dynamics in the Cantabrian Sea varied, with warm-sensitive species increasing in deeper areas and decreasing towards the inner Bay of Biscay. Decreasing fishing pressure in both regions paralleled an increase in sensitivity in the Cantabrian Sea, particularly among slow-reproducing, longer-lived species. The Spanish Mediterranean, however, showed a relative loss of fishing-sensitive, long-lived species and both cases showed spatial heterogeneity.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Associations are revealed between &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CC&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;FP&lt;/sub&gt;, and climate change and fishing, respectively. We conclude that &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;CC&lt;/sub&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;FP&lt;/sub&gt; are valuable indicators of the community-level sensitivities to these two pressures, and we discuss the limitations and assumptions that underly this and other trait-based approaches. We recommend wider usage of this kind of indicators, which could be applied globally to understand risks of marine communi","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multidimensional assessment of Antarctic terrestrial biological data","authors":"Charlotte R. Patterson,&nbsp;Kate J. Helmstedt,&nbsp;Aleks Terauds,&nbsp;Justine D. Shaw","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The globally significant communities of terrestrial Antarctica face an uncertain future amid growing threats in the region. Emerging data-driven approaches must be leveraged to predict and understand patterns of biodiversity across the continent. A new comprehensive database of Antarctic biological occurrence records, the Biodiversity of Ice-free Antarctica Database, will enable such novel fundamental and applied biodiversity modelling. However, there are limitations of assembled occurrence databases that, if unaccounted for, can result in poor model inference and outcomes. We perform a data quality assessment of the new database to highlight its potential and to identify data limitations that must be considered during modelling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antarctica.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We assessed the coverage of the Biodiversity of Ice-free Antarctica Database across geographic, environmental, taxonomic, and temporal dimensions at several spatial scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrate great potential for the database to improve our understanding of many at risk and poorly known Antarctic functional groups. We also provide evidence for limitations of the database across data dimensions, including low geographic coverage that is biased towards research stations, poor coverage of environmental variation across the landscape, and long periods since records were last collected. The magnitude of these limitations varies substantially by region and spatial scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In combination, data limitations have a range of implications for terrestrial Antarctic modelling, including heightening the risk of model extrapolation. For future use, we recommend prioritising, mitigating, and presenting context-specific model uncertainty, advancing strategic data collection, and exploiting shared modelling challenges elsewhere in the world to maximise the opportunities for this unique dataset to robustly advance science and conservation in Antarctica.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Richness of Invasive Non-Native Plants in New Zealand Indigenous Forests May Not Reflect Low Impact","authors":"Laureline Rossignaud,&nbsp;Philip E. Hulme","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13965","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Identifying habitats vulnerable to plant invasions is essential for developing efficient management programmes. We assessed trends in richness and cover of non-native plants in indigenous shrublands and forests across New Zealand. We investigated whether species classed as invasive species exhibited higher levels of plant invasion than naturalised species and the extent to which this reflected plant life form.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;New Zealand.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Time Period&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;From January 2009 to March 2014.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Major Taxa Studied&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Plant.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We analysed 839 permanent 20 × 20 m plots spread across New Zealand that could be classified to a recognised forest type: mānuka-kānuka shrubland, beech, beech-broadleaved, beech-broadleaved-podocarp and broadleaved-podocarp forests. Generalised additive models were run with native canopy richness or cover and spatial coordinates as co-variables in order to compare non-native plant richness and cover across forest types in relation to their invasive status and growth form.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Overall, 35% of the plots had at least one non-native species. Mānuka-kānuka shrubland exhibited the highest mean non-native richness (11 species) and cover (32%) with broadleaved-podocarp forest presenting the next highest invasion level but to a much lesser extent (1.7 species and 3% cover). Despite presenting overall greater non-native richness, naturalised species had lower cover than invasive species (4.2%, 13.5%, respectively). This pattern was mainly related to non-native woody species that, despite their low richness, can reach greater cover than herbaceous species once established.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Despite half the New Zealand flora being composed of non-native plant species, relatively few were found in forest habitats. However, indigenous shrubland and early successional forests showed higher vulnerability to plant invasion. Woody species, which are overrepresented among invasive species, had higher cover than herbaceous species and were less limited by native canopy cover. Such findings highlight th","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13965","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Drivers of Shrubland Biomass in Southern California","authors":"Emma C. Underwood,&nbsp;Nicole A. Molinari,&nbsp;Charlie C. Schrader-Patton,&nbsp;Josephine Lesage,&nbsp;Paul Excoffier","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13964","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The drivers of shrubland biomass in the Mediterranean-Climate Region of southern California are not well understood. We aim to fill a critical information gap for resource managers of shrub-dominated landscapes who need to estimate shrub recovery post-fire, track and monitor carbon storage and sequestration, and determine the tradeoff in restoration goals between prioritising carbon storage and species richness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southern California, USA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from 143 field plots located in 11 fire scars (ranging from 1 to 12 years old), we used Linear Mixed Models to assess the contribution of temporal and environmental variables, along with post-fire regeneration strategies of shrub species to explain patterns of aboveground shrub biomass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified four key findings: (1) shrub biomass increased with time since last fire and the proportion of resprouting species, and decreased with distance to coast and solar radiation; (2) species with the ability to resprout (obligate resprouter and facultative seeders) contributed greater biomass at all post-fire time periods and locations when compared with obligate seeders; (3) we found higher average biomass contributed by both obligate seeder and obligate resprouter species in plots closer to the coast than interior plots; and (4) fourth, we found a significant positive relationship between woody shrub species richness and biomass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of this study of biomass at a regional scale and using shrublands of multiple stand ages can help support natural resource management decision-making for shrub-dominated landscapes—including estimating biomass recovery post-fire, quantifying carbon storage and setting goals for shrubland restoration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13879","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image relates to the Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13912 “A race against extinction: The challenge to overcome the Linnean amphibian shortfall in tropical biodiversity hotspots” by Carné et al. A Malagasy treefrog from the genus <i>Boophis</i> (<i>B. aff. madagascariensis</i>) recorded in Marojejy National Park, Northern Madagascar. Image Credit: Albert Carné.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement Ecology of a Coastal Foundation Seagrass Species: Insights From Genetic Data and Oceanographic Modelling","authors":"Miriam Ruocco,&nbsp;Guglielmo Lacorata,&nbsp;Luigi Palatella,&nbsp;Isabella Provera,&nbsp;Arturo Zenone,&nbsp;Marco Martinez,&nbsp;Emanuela Dattolo,&nbsp;Jessica Pazzaglia,&nbsp;Vincenzo Maximiliano Giacalone,&nbsp;Fabio Badalamenti,&nbsp;Gabriele Procaccini","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13944","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seed dispersal plays a key role in shaping the distribution and genetic complexity of seagrass populations and affects their resilience capacity under disturbance. The endemic seagrass <i>Posidonia oceanica</i> is a key component of Mediterranean coastal ecosystems, but knowledge about movement ecology in this species is limited, especially regarding seed movement pathways and dispersal potential.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Western coast of Sicily (central Mediterranean).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Beach-cast fruits of the Mediterranean seagrass <i>P. oceanica</i> were collected from nine localities along the Western coast of Sicily, along with adult shoots from eight putative donor meadows. We determined pair-wise genetic differentiation between established meadows and seed cohorts. Genetic assignment tests were used to infer the most likely meadow of origin of individual seeds and were complemented with forward and backward Lagrangian simulations of dispersal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant genetic differentiation was found between seed pools and the most-likely meadow of origin. The genetic assignment confirmed that seeds from the same cohort originated from multiple meadows and emphasised the presence of long-distance-dispersal (LDD) events (up to hundreds of km). Genetic connectivity appeared to be greater than that predicted by oceanographic simulations, which may reflect the longer temporal scales on which gene flow is shaped, in contrast to contemporary dispersal patterns. Lagrangian simulations highlighted that fruits were physically capable of dispersing beyond the study area and that the north Tunisian coast could be a key source of propagules for the populations studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study represents a significant step forward in the understanding of <i>P. oceanica</i> movement ecology and could guide meadows' conservation and restoration actions. Our findings are significant in a broader context outside of the research area and could be the basis of similar studies in other regions, especially considering the increasing number of fruiting events recorded across the Mediterranean likely associated with ocean warming.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13944","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}