Diversity and Distributions最新文献

{"title":"Spatial Modelling Approaches for Estimating Richness of Benthic Invertebrates Throughout New Zealand Waters","authors":"Tom Brough,&nbsp;Fabrice Stephenson,&nbsp;Eva Leunissen,&nbsp;Carolyn Lundquist","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the distribution of marine biodiversity is critical for evidence-based identification of areas for protection and restoration. Taxonomic richness is a key, intuitive component of biodiversity and is often used to guide marine spatial planning and protection. In this study, we explore the relative merits of two spatial modelling approaches, stacked species distribution models (S-SDMs) and macro-ecological models (MEMs), for mapping the richness of benthic invertebrate taxa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred and seven individual layers from SDMs of benthic invertebrate genera were pooled from an existing database and stacked to create a single genera richness layer. The same occurrence data used to develop the SDMs, comprising over 120k occurrences, was used to fit MEMs using an ensemble modelling approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The S-SDM layer performed poorly when validated against a database of observed genera richness, while the MEM approach performed well. While there were some consistencies in the areas predicted as high richness, substantial differences between the methods were also apparent, with the MEM seemingly better able to discern nuanced, fine-scale patterns in richness. Areas of high richness predicted by the MEM include parts of the Chatham Rise, a large component of the sub-Antarctic region, continental-shelf and coastal habitat in the south of the South Island, the north-east coast of the North Island, around East Cape and the Kermadec, Lau-Colville and Macquarie Ridges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spatial and catchability biases in the underlying occurrence data may contribute to the poor performance of the S-SDM and suggest the approach may not be appropriate when using occurrence datasets with limited systematic sampling. The predictions from the MEM provide the best available information for the distribution of benthic invertebrate richness for New Zealand waters and thus offer important information for current and future marine spatial planning processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Assessment of Australian White Sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) Challenges Previous Evidence of Population Subdivision","authors":"Zach S. R. Clark,&nbsp;Paul A. Butcher,&nbsp;Andrew R. Weeks,&nbsp;Charlie Huveneers,&nbsp;Madeline Toomey,&nbsp;Owen J. Holland,&nbsp;Jessica J. Fish,&nbsp;Craig D. H. Sherman,&nbsp;Dean C. Blower,&nbsp;Adam D. Miller","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13946","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The white shark (<i>Carcharodon carcharias</i>) is one of the world's largest and most recognisable marine predators but has suffered significant declines since the mid-twentieth century. Conservation efforts remain complicated by persistent knowledge gaps associated with white shark biology and ecology, including the biological connectedness of white shark populations. We re-assess patterns of population genetic structure in Australian white sharks, where two subpopulations—eastern and southern-western—are currently recognised based on previous animal tracking and genetic assessments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Population genomic analyses are performed using tissues from ~650 individual white sharks and ~7000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci generated through reduced genome representation sequencing. We test for evidence of genetic structure and relatedness among sharks from eastern and southern Australia and use population genetic simulations to assess the likely strength of inter-generational migration between regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study challenges the current paradigm of population structure in Australian white sharks, showing a lack of genetic structure between white sharks from eastern and southern Australia. These findings are further supported by population genetic simulations and kinship analyses indicating high levels of intergenerational migration and relatedness between regions. Consistent with recent reports from eastern Australia, we also detected high levels of relatedness among juvenile and subadult white sharks and estimated the overall effective population size (<i>Ne</i>) of Australian white sharks to be less than 500 individuals. Furthermore, we provide evidence of a potential reduction in <i>Ne</i> over the last two generations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, these findings highlight the need to consider this revised estimate of genetic structure when discussing the management and conservation of the species. Our results also raise concerns for the conservation of Australian white sharks highlighting risks of potential inbreeding, and reductions in population fitness and resilience. We discuss the need for further research and the importance of ongoing population monitoring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Taxon Predictions of Deep-Sea Corals and Sponges From Stacked Species Distribution Models in the United States West Coast Exclusive Economic Zone and Relation to Trawl Closure Zones","authors":"Arvind Shantharam,&nbsp;Matthew Poti,&nbsp;Arliss Winship,&nbsp;Yee Lau,&nbsp;Heather Coleman,&nbsp;Danielle Weissman,&nbsp;Renee Eaton,&nbsp;Robert McGuinn,&nbsp;Just Cebrian,&nbsp;Thomas Hourigan","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Abundant species distribution models (SDMs) of deep-sea corals and sponges (DSCS) allow one to make community-level predictions about DSCS. Pairing that with the conservation information of Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) due to their sensitivity to seafloor trawling, one can assess the efficacy of established seafloor protections, known as Essential Fish Habitat and Conservation Areas (trawl closure areas), in the United States West Coast on a multi-taxon basis. From this, we seek to answer the following questions: (1) can accurate multi-taxon, trawl-sensitive DSCS distribution predictions be made for the US West Coast and (2) to what extent do current trawl protections overlap with multi-taxon distribution predictions and what are the conservation and management implications?&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Location&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;United States West Coast marine waters.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A cluster analysis was run on 40 SDMs of DSCS, identifiable as VME indicators and assigned a VME indicator score based on criteria used by regional fisheries management organisations. SDMs of taxa in clusters were stacked and averaged to produce stacked SDM (S-SDM) prediction maps. All prediction maps were classified into five habitat suitability classes to facilitate interpretation. The total area within benthic ecoregion-bathymetric boundaries and the percentage overlap with the bottom trawl closure zone were computed for spatial contextualization and to determine protection coverage for S-SDMs, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Cluster analysis identified 10 groups that represent unique S-SDMs for the region. Taxa clustered together have previously been documented together in surveys but some novel associations are reported. Geographically, the predicted occurrences can range along the entire western continental margin, be highly restricted, or constrained by recognised biogeographic boundaries. VME indicator metrics ranged from low to moderate. When trawl coverage was computed relative to the suitability's prevalence in the modelling domain, trawl protection was shown to be large for the highest suitability classes for most of the S-SDMs.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Main Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Results indicate the clustering approach has some strengths in identifying known and documented associations between DSCS taxa but some are problematic and produce low to moderate VME indic","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Demographic Determinants Complement Climate Model Predictions of Co-Occurring Cryptic Species","authors":"Pilar Jurado-Angulo,&nbsp;Mario García-París","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We explore the impact of demography and biogeographic history on the interpretation of ecological niche model, highlighting the potential for integrating genetic and ecological approaches to elucidate the evolutionary dynamics underlying the geographic distributions of cryptic species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Western Palaearctic (Africa and Europe).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted intensive sampling across the Iberian Peninsula to obtain mtDNA phylogeographic data and to develop fine-scale ecological niche models, projecting these models into both past and future scenarios for the cryptic earwigs <i>Forficula dentata</i> and <i>F. mediterranea</i>. Additionally, we utilised Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) analyses to reconstruct demographic histories and infer past population trends for both species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The phylogeographic patterns revealed divergent evolutionary histories: <i>F. dentata</i> exhibited a well-established, geographically structured lineage, whereas <i>F. mediterranea</i> displayed a star-shaped pattern characteristic of recent expansion. Comparison between current climate models and those projected into the past and future indicate that <i>F. dentata</i> is likely facing a substantial reduction in its suitable habitat due to ongoing climate change, possibly exacerbated by increasing competition with <i>F. mediterranea</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that climatic factors alone cannot determine the distribution of cryptic species. Historical and demographic factors play a crucial role in shaping their current geographical structure. In addition, human-mediated dispersal and ongoing climate change may contribute to the genetic and spatial structure within the <i>F. auricularia</i> species complex. Overall, exploring the intricate interplay between historic, genetic and geographic distribution is recommended to overcome contradictory predictions of climate models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hunting and Habitat Destruction Drive Widespread Functional Declines of Top Predators in a Global Deforestation Hotspot","authors":"Alfredo Romero-Muñoz,&nbsp;Benjamin Bleyhl,&nbsp;Ana Benítez-López,&nbsp;Micaela Camino,&nbsp;Julieta Decarre,&nbsp;A. Sofía Nanni,&nbsp;Andrew Noss,&nbsp;Anthony J. Giordano,&nbsp;Verónica A. Quiroga,&nbsp;Ricardo Torres,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Thompson,&nbsp;Laura Villalba,&nbsp;Mauricio M. Nuñez Regueiro,&nbsp;Carlos De Angelo,&nbsp;Tobias Kuemmerle","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated the effects of habitat destruction and hunting on the functional decline of top predators, specifically jaguar and puma, in the Gran Chaco.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 1.1 million km² South American Gran Chaco.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used spatially explicit, individual-based models for jaguars and pumas, incorporating detailed information on habitat suitability and hunting pressure. We parameterized our models with literature data and calibrated them through a Delphi expert-elicitation process. We simulated population trajectories under a hypothetical, threat-free, baseline versus different threat scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Under combined threats of hunting and habitat loss, jaguar and puma populations declined by 88% and 80%, respectively, compared to range contractions of 48% and 35%, respectively. Both species remained regionally viable, particularly due to large protected areas, which acted as population sources but were surrounded by strong sinks. We observed a widespread weakening of the top carnivore guild function, with at least one species extirpated across 67% of the Chaco and strong declines (&gt; 80%; considered here as functional loss) for both species concurrently across 61% of their area of historical co-occurrence. Hunting was a much stronger driver of population declines (88% and 77% for jaguars and pumas, respectively) compared to habitat destruction (26% and 22%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Large predators play key functional roles in ecosystems. Our findings reveal that these functions can be lost over vast areas due to the combined effects of habitat destruction and hunting, with functional loss extending far beyond the areas of species' extirpation. Very large protected areas, like Kaa-Iya in Bolivia, are crucial for maintaining viable populations of top predators, highlighting the pressing need for increased protection and connectivity in the Chaco to prevent further trophic downgrading. More generally, our research underscores the value of spatially detailed, mechanistic models for disentangling the complex dynamics of multiple threats on ecological functioning at broad scales.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Butterfly Species Richness and Abundance in Mountain Grasslands—Spatial Application of a Biodiversity Indicator","authors":"Friederike Barkmann,&nbsp;Erich Tasser,&nbsp;Ulrike Tappeiner,&nbsp;Peter Huemer,&nbsp;Benjamin Schattanek-Wiesmair,&nbsp;Kurt Lechner,&nbsp;Alois Ortner,&nbsp;Johannes Rüdisser","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of high-quality field data with high-resolution remote sensing data can give detailed insights into the spatial distribution of biodiversity and provide valuable information for biodiversity conservation at a scale relevant for management action. We developed a framework based on remote sensing data and field surveys for modelling species richness and abundance of butterflies at high spatial resolution to inform about the spatial distribution of butterfly species richness and abundance and analyse their drivers and the scale of effect of landscape factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Western Austria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combined structured butterfly surveys at 175 grassland sites in western Austria with remote sensing variables describing topography, grassland characteristics, and the landscape composition and configuration at different radii around a site. For spatial predictions of butterfly species richness and abundance, generalised linear models with elastic net regularisation were used and compared with stepwise variable selection. To analyse the influence of selected variables and their scale of effect, models with landscape variables in different radii around the sites and variables describing topography were applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For species richness, the Spearman rank correlation between predicted and measured values was 0.62. For abundance, predictive power was lower with a correlation of 0.52. Models with variables from smaller radii (125 and 250 m) generally showed better predictive performance than those at larger radii (500 and 1000 m). We found an effect of elevation, maximum grassland productivity, northness, and forest ecotone density in most models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrating remote sensing data with spatial modelling techniques substantially enhances our ability to understand patterns and identify key drivers of butterfly species richness at high spatial resolution. Our study highlights the positive influence of forest edges, small woody features, and moderate grassland productivity on butterfly species richness and abundance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Spatial Patterns of Egg Nursery Habitat for a Demersal Shark in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Conservation and Management Implications","authors":"Miguel López,&nbsp;Morane Clavel-Henry,&nbsp;Nixon Bahamon,&nbsp;Maria Vigo,&nbsp;Marc Balcells,&nbsp;Antoni Sánchez-Márquez,&nbsp;Joan Navarro,&nbsp;Joan B. Company","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oviparous elasmobranchs lay benthic eggs with long incubation periods, many of which also require habitat-forming sessile organisms for their development. However, they are threatened by bottom-trawling fishing impacts. Here, we aimed to identify the suitable habitat distribution of small-spotted catshark (<i>Scyliorhinus canicula</i>) egg nursery areas, assess their current protection extent by an existing no-take MPA network and their coverage by other delimited spatial-based conservation areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Balearic Sea, northwestern Mediterranean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Egg cases were collected over 5 years (2018–2022) by a bottom-trawling monitoring programme along the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. We used these occurrences and various environmental variables (bathymetry, slope, sea bottom temperature, sea bottom dissolved oxygen and seabed type) to model the habitat suitability of egg nurseries for the species using maximum entropy modelling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sea bottom temperature was the most important variable explaining habitat suitability of egg nurseries. Small-spotted catshark eggs were found either attached to or in the same samples as various species of habitat-forming sessile organisms. We found only 3.6% (381 km²) of the modelled suitable egg nursery habitat in the Balearic Sea to be currently covered by an implemented no-take MPA network. At the same time, 52% of said MPAs are inadvertently protecting suitable egg nursery habitats (and their associated benthic community), as they were not initially planned with elasmobranchs as conservation targets. Important shark and ray areas (ISRA-IUCN) were also observed to cover egg nursery habitat (4502 km² or 15.52%) within their boundaries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While half of the current MPA surface is providing protection to this elasmobranch species' egg nursery areas and their associated benthic communities, they are not sufficient for their conservation. However, mapping the distributions of these essential fish habitats can help towards the 2030 European conservation target of ‘strictly protecting’ 10% of marine environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Distribution of Wild Bee Species Along a Latitudinal Gradient in Northern Europe Depends on Their Flower Preferences","authors":"Marianne S. Torvanger,&nbsp;Yoko L. Dupont,&nbsp;Jens M. Olesen,&nbsp;Claus Rasmussen,&nbsp;Henning B. Madsen,&nbsp;Bastiaan Star,&nbsp;Markus A. K. Sydenham","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The functional diversity of bees contribute to the maintenance of plant biodiversity because different species of wild bees prefer and pollinate different plants. Many bees, in particular species with narrow flower preferences or specialised habitat requirements, are threatened by landscape homogenisation and climate change. Nonetheless, we still lack an understanding of large-scale impacts of anthropogenic stressors on the distribution of wild bee species with different flower preferences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Northern Europe: Norway, Denmark and Germany.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We combine a dataset comprising ~30,000 observations of presences or absences of bee occurrences from structured surveys at 269 sites in northern Europe to investigate if flower preferences modulate species distributions across multiple environmental gradients. Bees were assigned a continuous functional trait separating preference for short vs. tubular flowers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observe that bee flower preference for either tubular flowers (Fabaceae) or plants with shallow flowers (including Apiaceae and Brassicaceae) can be described by a continuous flower preference trait score. The likelihood of observing a bee along a latitudinal gradient—encompassing variation in temperature, atmospheric N deposition and elevation—is dependent on its flower preference trait score. Specifically, bees with preferences for tubular flowers have a higher likelihood of occurrence with higher latitudes, while bees with preference for non-tubular flowers increase towards the south.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results improve our understanding of how species-specific variation in flower preferences drives community-wide shifts in diversity and can therefore help devise region-specific conservation strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover page","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13881","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image relates to the Research Article https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13912 “A race against extinction: The challenge to overcome the Linnean amphibian shortfall in tropical biodiversity hotspots” by Carné et al. A Malagasy treefrog from the genus <i>Boophis</i> (<i>B. aff. madagascariensis</i>) recorded in Marojejy National Park, Northern Madagascar. Image Credit: Albert Carné.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distance From the Road, Habitat Type and Environmental Factors Predict Distribution of Invasive and Native Plant Species in the Above-Ground Vegetation and Soil Seedbanks","authors":"Wanting Dai,&nbsp;Ayub M. O. Oduor,&nbsp;Chaodan Guo,&nbsp;Zhanjun Quan,&nbsp;Junsheng Li,&nbsp;Caiyun Zhao","doi":"10.1111/ddi.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Road networks are common landscape disturbances that can facilitate the spread of invasive plants. This study explored the influence of distance from the road, habitat type and broader environmental factors in shaping the distribution patterns of both invasive and native species in the above-ground vegetation and soil seed banks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Guangxi, China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We collected data on plant species composition from both soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation at six distances from the road edge: 0 m, 2 m, 4 m, 9 m, 14 m and 24 m in three habitat types, including abandoned land, <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations and natural secondary forests. We collected data on environmental variables at each sampling location. We examined the compositional similarity of plant communities by non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and identified the influence factors by redundancy analysis (RDA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results indicated that invasive species richness decreased with distance from the road, especially in natural secondary forests. Conversely, native species did not show consistent distribution patterns relative to distance from roads across the various habitats. The composition of invasive plant communities was similar in both soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation, while only 13.33% of native species identified in the soil were observed in the above-ground vegetation. Road characteristics, human disturbance and soil properties correlated with the distribution of invasive and native species, with the strength of these correlations varying among habitat types. The richness and density of native plants were associated with the presence of invasive alien plants at various distances from the road across the three types of habitats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study highlights that proximity to the road, habitat type and environmental factors are critical in determining the distribution of plant species within nature reserves. Moreover, it underscores the importance of integrating both above-ground and seed bank perspectives for effective management strategies to control invasive species and promote native plant communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"31 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}