Juan Luis González-Santander, Giorgio Spada, Francesco Mainardi, Alexander Apelblat
{"title":"Calculation of the Relaxation Modulus in the Andrade Model by Using the Laplace Transform","authors":"Juan Luis González-Santander, Giorgio Spada, Francesco Mainardi, Alexander Apelblat","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080439","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of the theory of linear viscoelasticity, we derive an analytical expression of the relaxation modulus in the Andrade model Gαt for the case of rational parameter α=m/n∈(0,1) in terms of Mittag–Leffler functions from its Laplace transform G˜αs. It turns out that the expression obtained can be rewritten in terms of Rabotnov functions. Moreover, for the original parameter α=1/3 in the Andrade model, we obtain an expression in terms of Miller-Ross functions. The asymptotic behaviours of Gαt for t→0+ and t→+∞ are also derived applying the Tauberian theorem. The analytical results obtained have been numerically checked by solving the Volterra integral equation satisfied by Gαt by using a successive approximation approach, as well as computing the inverse Laplace transform of G˜αs by using Talbot’s method.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"28 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Manigandan, Saravanan Shanmugam, Mohamed Rhaima, Elango Sekar
{"title":"Existence of Solutions for Caputo Sequential Fractional Differential Inclusions with Nonlocal Generalized Riemann–Liouville Boundary Conditions","authors":"M. Manigandan, Saravanan Shanmugam, Mohamed Rhaima, Elango Sekar","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080441","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explore the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a boundary value problem defined by coupled sequential fractional differential inclusions. This investigation is augmented by the introduction of a novel set of generalized Riemann–Liouville boundary conditions. Utilizing Carathéodory functions and Lipschitz mappings, we establish existence results for these nonlocal boundary conditions. Utilizing fixed-point theorems designed for multi-valued maps, we obtain significant existence results for the problem, considering both convex and non-convex values. The derived results are clearly demonstrated with an illustrative example. Numerical examples are provided to validate the theoretical conclusions, contributing to a deeper understanding of fractional-order boundary value problems.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Patiño-Ortiz, J. Patiño-Ortiz, M. Martínez-Cruz, Fernando René Esquivel-Patiño, A. Balankin
{"title":"Morphological Features of Mathematical and Real-World Fractals: A Survey","authors":"M. Patiño-Ortiz, J. Patiño-Ortiz, M. Martínez-Cruz, Fernando René Esquivel-Patiño, A. Balankin","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080440","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review paper is to survey the fractal morphology of scale-invariant patterns. We are particularly focusing on the scale and conformal invariance, as well as on the fractal non-uniformity (multifractality), inhomogeneity (lacunarity), and anisotropy (succolarity). We argue that these features can be properly quantified by the following six adimensional numbers: the fractal (e.g., similarity, box-counting, or Assouad) dimension, conformal dimension, degree of multifractal non-uniformity, coefficient of multifractal asymmetry, index of lacunarity, and index of fractal anisotropy. The difference between morphological properties of mathematical and real-world fractals is especially outlined in this review paper.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"20 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asifa Tassaddiq, R. Srivastava, Rabab Alharbi, R. Kasmani, Sania Qureshi
{"title":"An Application of Multiple Erdélyi–Kober Fractional Integral Operators to Establish New Inequalities Involving a General Class of Functions","authors":"Asifa Tassaddiq, R. Srivastava, Rabab Alharbi, R. Kasmani, Sania Qureshi","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080438","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to develop generalized fractional integral inequalities by utilizing multiple Erdélyi–Kober (E–K) fractional integral operators. Using a set of j, with (j∈N) positively continuous and decaying functions in the finite interval a≤t≤x, the Fox-H function is involved in establishing new and novel fractional integral inequalities. Since the Fox-H function is the most general special function, the obtained inequalities are therefore sufficiently widespread and significant in comparison to the current literature to yield novel and unique results.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"42 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of Pore Structure and Fractal Characteristics in Red Sandstone under Cyclic Impact Loading","authors":"Huanhuan Qiao, Peng Wang, Zhen Jiang, Yao Liu, Guanglin Tian, Bokun Zhao","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080437","url":null,"abstract":"Fatigue damage can occur in surface rock engineering due to various factors, including earthquakes, blasting, and impacts. The underlying cause for the variations in physical and mechanical properties of the rock resulting from impact loading is the alteration in the internal pore structure. To investigate the evolution characteristics of the pore structure under impact fatigue damage, red sandstone subjected to cyclic impact compression by split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. The parameters describing the evolution of pore structure were obtained and quantified using fractal methods. The development of the pore structure in rocks subjected to cyclic impact was quantitatively analyzed, and two fractal evolution models based on pore size and pore connectivity were constructed. The results indicate that with an increasing number of impact loading cycles, the porosity of the red sandstone gradually increases, the T2 cutoff (T2c) value decreases, the most probable gray value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increases, the pores’ connectivity is enhanced, and the fractal dimension decreases gradually. Moreover, the pore distribution space tends to transition from three-dimensional to two-dimensional, suggesting the expansion of dominant pores into clusters, forming microfractures or even macroscopic fissures. The findings provide valuable insights into the impact fatigue characteristics of rocks from a microscopic perspective and contribute to the evaluation of time-varying stability and the assessment of progressive damage in rock engineering.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141809430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semi-Regular Continued Fractions with Fast-Growing Partial Quotients","authors":"Sh. Kadyrov, A. Kazin, F. Mashurov","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080436","url":null,"abstract":"In number theory, continued fractions are essential tools because they provide distinct representations of real numbers and provide information about their characteristics. Regular continued fractions have been examined in great detail, but less research has been carried out on their semi-regular counterparts, which are produced from the sequences of alternating plus and minus ones. In this study, we investigate the structure and features of semi-regular continuous fractions through the lens of dimension theory. We prove a primary result about the Hausdorff dimension of number sets whose partial quotients increase more quickly than a given pace. Furthermore, we conduct numerical analyses to illustrate the differences between regular and semi-regular continued fractions, shedding light on potential future directions in this field.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141807300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytic Solution of the Time-Fractional Partial Differential Equation Using a Multi-G-Laplace Transform Method","authors":"Hassan Eltayeb","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8080435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8080435","url":null,"abstract":"In several recent studies, many researchers have shown the advantage of fractional calculus in the production of particular solutions of a huge number of linear and nonlinear partial differential equations. In this research work, different theorems related to the G-double Laplace transform (DGLT) are proved. The solution of the system of time-fractional partial differential equations is addressed using a new analytical method. This technique is a combination of the multi-G-Laplace transform and decomposition methods (MGLTDM). Moreover, we discuss the convergence of this method. Two examples are provided to check the applicability and efficiency of our technique.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"97 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Stable Forward Modeling Approach in Heterogeneous Attenuating Media Using Reapplied Hilbert Transform","authors":"Songmei Deng, Shaolin Shi, Hongwei Liu","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8070434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8070434","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of geological exploration and wave propagation theory, particularly in heterogeneous attenuating media, the stability of numerical simulations is a significant challenge for implementing effective attenuation compensation strategies. Consequently, the development and optimization of algorithms and techniques that can mitigate these numerical instabilities are critical for ensuring the accuracy and practicality of attenuation compensation methods. This is essential to reveal subsurface structure information accurately and enhance the reliability of geological interpretation. We present a method for stable forward modeling in strongly attenuating media by reapplying the Hilbert transform to eliminate increasing negative frequency components. We derived and validated new constant-Q wave equation (CWE) formulations and a stable solving method. Our study reveals that the original CWE equations, when utilizing the analytic signal, regenerate and amplify negative frequencies, leading to instability. Implementing our method maintains high accuracy between analytical and numerical solutions. The application of our approach to the Chimney Model, compared with results from the acoustic wave equation, confirms the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed equations and method.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Performance of the Fractional Direct Spreading Cholera Disease Model: An Artificial Neural Network Approach","authors":"Saadia Malik","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8070432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8070432","url":null,"abstract":"The current investigation examines the numerical performance of the fractional-order endemic disease model based on the direct spreading of cholera by applying the neuro-computing Bayesian regularization (BR) neural network process. The purpose is to present the numerical solutions of the fractional-order model, which provides more precise solutions as compared to the integer-order one. Real values based on the parameters can be obtained and one can achieve better results by utilizing these values. The mathematical form of the fractional direct spreading cholera disease is categorized as susceptible, infected, treatment, and recovered, which represents a nonlinear model. The construction of the dataset is performed through the implicit Runge–Kutta method, which is used to lessen the mean square error by taking 74% of the data for training, while 8% is used for both validation and testing. Twenty-two neurons and the log-sigmoid fitness function in the hidden layer are used in the stochastic neural network process. The optimization of BR is performed in order to solve the direct spreading cholera disease problem. The accuracy of the stochastic process is authenticated through the valuation of the outputs, whereas the negligible calculated absolute error values demonstrate the approach’s correctness. Furthermore, the statistical operator performance establishes the reliability of the proposed scheme.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"28 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanen Louati, Saadia Rehman, Farhat Imtiaz, Nafisa A. Albasheir, A. Y. Al-Rezami, Mohammed M. A. Almazah, A. U. K. Niazi
{"title":"Securing Bipartite Nonlinear Fractional-Order Multi-Agent Systems against False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) Considering Hostile Environment","authors":"Hanen Louati, Saadia Rehman, Farhat Imtiaz, Nafisa A. Albasheir, A. Y. Al-Rezami, Mohammed M. A. Almazah, A. U. K. Niazi","doi":"10.3390/fractalfract8070430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8070430","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the stability of bipartite nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems (FOMASs) in the presence of false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in a hostile environment. To tackle this problem we used signed graph theory, the Razumikhin methodology, and the Lyapunov function method. The main focus of our proposed work is to provide a method of stability for FOMASs against FDIAs. The technique of Razumikhin improves the Lyapunov-based stability analysis by supporting the handling of the intricacies of fractional-order dynamics. Moreover, utilizing signed graph theory, we analyzed both hostile and cooperative interactions between agents within the MASs. We determined the system stability requirements to ensure robustness against erroneous data injections through comprehensive theoretical investigation. We present numerical examples to illustrate the robustness and efficiency of our proposed technique.","PeriodicalId":510138,"journal":{"name":"Fractal and Fractional","volume":"12 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}