Coastal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Sequential characteristics of tropical cyclone induced winds, surges, currents and waves","authors":"Zhiheng Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropical cyclones are common meteorological disasters around Hainan Island. The tropical cyclone induced wind, storm surge, strong currents, and large waves can impose cyclic loads on the foundations of offshore wind turbines, transoceanic bridges and other structures, leading to structural fatigue and even failure. Understanding the sequential characteristics of these dynamic factors are beneficial for better simulating the structural response. This paper studies 807 independent tropical cyclones from 1949 to 2022 through numerical reconstruction. Based on statistics, the paper proposes the duration peak profiles of tropical cyclone induced wind, surge, current and wave. It is found that there are time lags between the profiles' peaks, and are distributed regularly across the sea area. The research shows that storm surges and large waves usually occur ahead of the front of tropical cyclones about 1 h, but the sheltering effect of islands could significantly influence the time lags of storm surges and large waves. Strong currents typically lag behind strong winds, and the time lag of strong currents is complex due to the influence of topography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 104755"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical design of submerged artificial oyster reefs using Design of Experiments and clustering strategies","authors":"Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Weikai Tan ,&nbsp;Marine Thomas ,&nbsp;Felix Leung ,&nbsp;Alessandro Stocchino","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The implementation of artificial oyster reefs as a Nature-based Solution to enhance ecological benefits and shoreline protection represents a prominent area of research. Nevertheless, the wave attenuation performance of multiple underwater artificial reefs has yet to be subjected to comprehensive investigation. To address this gap, we investigated numerically the wave attenuation produced by a sequence of submerged artificial oyster reefs, taking into account a range of incoming wave conditions and configurations of the artificial reefs themselves. A large number of simulations have been designed using an approach based on the Design of Experiment theory, namely the D-optimal approach. The large dataset obtained has been analyzed using unsupervised machine learning techniques, i.e. the weighted K-means. The results showed a clear separation of the combinations of physical variables that led to the lowest transmission coefficients. In particular, three dimensionless variables were identified as being of particular significance for minimizing the transmission coefficient, namely the submergence of the oyster reefs, the length of the oyster reef in relation to the incident wavenumber, and the number of oyster reefs. Relative water depth, wave steepness, distance between adjacent oyster reefs, and seabed slope were found to play a minor role. Based on the results, we suggested an optimal statistical design strategy in order to reach a wave transmission coefficient as low as 0.5, provided the specific characteristic of the site (design wave, slope of the shoaling zone, and water depth). These findings will provide guidance for practical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 104751"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave kinematics-based bathymetry estimates from satellite optical video","authors":"Annika O’Dea ,&nbsp;Dylan Anderson ,&nbsp;Rob Holman ,&nbsp;Crystal Painter ,&nbsp;Katherine Brodie","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, cBathyShortDwell, a version of the spectral depth inversion algorithm cBathy that has been adapted for shorter record lengths, was applied to four 29.9-60s satellite-based optical videos and the resulting bathymetry estimates were compared to bathymetry surveys collected within 13 days of each satellite collect. The Planet SkySat videos were collected at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Field Research Facility between April and September 2023. The videos were collected at 30Hz with a ground sampling pixel resolution of 0.75-1 m and an image size of approximately 2.5km x 1km. RMSEs from post-processed cBathyShortDwell depth estimates over the 800 m x 1100 m analysis domain using the entire video duration at a 5 Hz frame rate ranged from 0.50 to 0.59 m with biases ranging from -0.19 to 0.16 m. Although some differences were seen in the RMSEs as a function of frame rate (2 to 30 Hz), larger differences were observed due to video length (17-60s), wave visibility in the imagery, and incident wave conditions. The highest overall RMSEs were observed in conditions with short video lengths (RMSE ranging from 0.76–1.32 m for all post-processed bathymetry estimates generated with 17-s videos) or conditions with low wave visibility (RMSE 0.80–0.99 m and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>bias</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.32-0.59 m for all post-processed bathymetry estimates using 30s videos with low wave visibility). These results are comparable to published RMSE values from established versions of the algorithm (Holman et al., 2013, Holman and Bergsma, 2021) and demonstrate the ability of cBathyShortDwell to provide good depth estimates from satellite videos in a range of environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 104753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric modelling of wave transformation across porous artificial reefs","authors":"Jianjun Huang ,&nbsp;Ryan J. Lowe ,&nbsp;Marco Ghisalberti ,&nbsp;Jeff E. Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous artificial reefs can provide nature-based coastal protection by reducing nearshore wave transmission. Existing approaches to predict wave transmission across porous artificial reefs have relied on empirical formulations to describe bulk wave transmission that aggregate the role of different hydrodynamic processes responsible for wave attenuation, including wave dissipation by both breaking and drag forces and wave reflection from the reef. The lack of an integrated predictive model capable of accurately parameterizing these different hydrodynamic processes adds uncertainty to predictions of wave attenuation by artificial reefs when applied to different reef designs and hydrodynamic conditions. To address this gap, this study develops a parametric phase-averaged modelling approach to predict wave transformation processes across porous artificial reefs by parameterizing the individual contributions of breaking, drag dissipation and wave reflection to the changes of wave energy fluxes across a reef. Observations of wave transformation over an impermeable reef (i.e., in the absence of interior-reef drag forces) were initially used to assess breaking dissipation formulations, while non-breaking wave cases across three different cubic-type porous reefs were used to assess formulations to describe drag-induced dissipation by the reef. The model was further shown to accurately predict wave transformation for porous reef cases where both breaking and drag dissipation simultaneously occurred, for conditions that spanned a wide range of water depths, regular and irregular wave conditions. The validated model was finally applied to investigate the influence of different design parameters, including water depths, wave conditions and reef geometry parameters, on wave transmission and energy balances across a broad range of reef application scenarios. The predictive framework developed in this study is designed to be applicable to other porous reefs when geometry-dependent parameters can be robustly defined, which can be incorporated into phase-averaged wave models to predict wave transformation processes across porous reef structures to aid the design of modular artificial reefs for nature-based coastal protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 104754"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seamless nearshore topo-bathymetry reconstruction from lidar scanners: A Proof-of-Concept based on a dedicated field experiment at Duck, NC","authors":"Kévin Martins ,&nbsp;Katherine L. Brodie ,&nbsp;Julia W. Fiedler ,&nbsp;Annika M. O’Dea ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Spore ,&nbsp;Robert L. Grenzeback ,&nbsp;Patrick J. Dickhudt ,&nbsp;Spicer Bak ,&nbsp;Olivier de Viron ,&nbsp;Philippe Bonneton","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate observations of the nearshore bathymetry, including within the breaking wave region, are critical for the prediction of coastal hazards, and improved understanding of sandy beach morphological response to storms. In this paper, we implement the recent Boussinesq theory-based depth inversion methodology of Martins et al. (<em>Geophys. Res. Lett.</em>, 50 (2023), Article e2022GL100498) to single- and multibeam lidar datasets collected during a dedicated field experiment on a sandy Atlantic Ocean beach near Duck, North Carolina. Compared with common approaches based on passive remote sensing technology (<em>e.g.</em>, optical imagery), lidar scanners present several key advantages, including the capacity to directly measure the beach topography, waveforms and the cross-shore variations in mean water levels due to wave action (<em>e.g.</em>, the wave setup), leading to the seamless reconstruction of a vertically-referenced beach topo-bathymetry. Given the potentially gappy nature of lidar data, particular attention is paid to the robust computation of surface elevation spectral and bispectral quantities, which are at the base of the proposed non-linear depth inversion methodology. Promising results on the final topo/bathymetry are obtained under contrasting wave conditions in terms of non-linearity and peak period, with an overall root-mean square error below 0.3<!--> <!-->m obtained along a cross-shore transect covering both shoaling and breaking wave conditions. The accuracy of the final bathymetry in the shoaling and outer surf regions is generally found to be excellent, with similar skills as previously obtained in laboratory settings (relative error <span><math><mrow><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>15</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span>). Under the most energetic conditions, an underestimation of the wave phase velocity spectra is observed within the surf zone with all theoretical frameworks, potentially owing to surf zone vortical motions not yet accounted for in the present methodology. This underestimation of the wave phase velocities results in a relatively large overestimation of the mean water depth, between 30% to 100% depending on the theoretical framework. With the methodology described herein, lidars bring new perspectives for seamlessly mapping the nearshore topo/bathymetry, and its temporal evolution across a wide range of scales. Although currently limited to a single cross-shore transect, we believe that opportunities exist to integrate multiple remote sensors, which could address individual sensor limitations, such as coverage (lidar) or the incapacity to directly measure waveforms (optical imagery).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field experiment study to assess critical wave conditions leading to failure of mangrove Rhizophora stylosa","authors":"Nobuhito Mori ,&nbsp;Che-Wei Chang ,&nbsp;Kenji Ono ,&nbsp;Hironori Noguchi ,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Baba ,&nbsp;Hideaki Yanagisawa ,&nbsp;Toyohiko Miyagi ,&nbsp;Naoki Tsuruta ,&nbsp;Kojiro Suzuki ,&nbsp;Shiro Yamagata ,&nbsp;Yusuke Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Yu-Lin Tsai ,&nbsp;Takuya Miyashita ,&nbsp;Tomoya Shimura","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mangroves can attenuate tsunamis, storm surges, and waves and significantly reduce coastal hazards. Their protective functions as natural barriers have drawn attention as a prime example of green infrastructure/Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR)/Nature-based Solution (NbS) for coastal resilience. While hydrodynamic models are commonly used to estimate wave attenuation by mangrove forests, critical thresholds for mangrove tree failure under wave impacts and the associated wave conditions remain underexplored and are often excluded from such assessment. This study investigates the maximum bending moment of the mangrove tree, mainly <em>Rhizophora stylosa</em>, based on a field survey conducted on Iriomote Island, Okinawa, Japan. A practical estimation formula is developed by integrating field data with linear small amplitude wave theory. The results, including empirical relationships for critical wave conditions leading to the bending failure of mangroves, offer valuable insights for designing and optimizing mangrove-based coastal protection strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salt marsh grass for reducing overtopped flow momentum: Experimental results and XBeach calibration","authors":"Joshua Bagg ,&nbsp;Mark Battley ,&nbsp;Colin Whittaker ,&nbsp;Tom Allen ,&nbsp;Tom Shand","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt marsh grass on the crest of coastal structures has the potential to reduce overtopped flow momentum and therefore, mitigate wave overtopping hazards. However, implementation is hampered by the lack of quantitative data from large-scale live vegetation experiments and validated design tools. To address this, experiments were conducted with live salt marsh grass exposed to post-overtopping flow at full geometric scale. The flow, created by a laboratory dam-break flume, replicates hydraulic parameters of overtopped flows on the crest of sloped coastal structures following non-impulsive wave breaking. The deflection of the vegetation was categorised into emerged, transition and submerged regimes. For each canopy length, these regimes were predicted using maximum momentum flux and the total momentum of the incident flow. The numerical model XBeach-Veg accurately simulated the emerged regime, with an average scatter index <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>I</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>19</mn></mrow></math></span>. For the submerged regime, the downstream front speed was under-predicted (bias = -0.82 m/s and <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>I</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>04</mn></mrow></math></span>). Disabling the vegetation module and raising the impermeable bed level to replicate the submerged vegetation geometry accurately simulated the downstream front speed (bias = 0.01 m/s and <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>I</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>15</mn></mrow></math></span>). Emerged salt marsh grass is effective at reducing downstream flow momentum and can mitigate nuisance overtopping hazards to pedestrians. For high incident flow momentum, the salt marsh grass deflects until submerged, does not reduce downstream flow momentum and is therefore not effective at mitigating hazards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regular and random wave modelling over mild uniform bathymetry using SWASH","authors":"Umniya Al Khalili,&nbsp;Vasileios Bellos,&nbsp;Marios Christou,&nbsp;Ioannis Karmpadakis","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The modelling of coastal waves is challenging in light of their complex behaviour driven by a range of interacting physical effects such as nonlinear amplification, wave breaking and the influence of bathymetry. However, their accurate modelling and understanding is fundamental in the design of coastal structures. Many numerical models have been established to accurately capture these effects. One notable example is SWASH, which is readily used in industry to provide insight on structural designs. The present study assesses the applicability, validity and accuracy of SWASH to model regular and irregular waves propagating over mild bathymetries from intermediate water depth up to the shoreline. Particular emphasis is placed on the model’s ability to capture the effects of shoaling, wave reflection and breaking with accuracy yet reasonable computational cost. This is addressed through an analysis into the spatial distribution of crest height and wave height statistics. The accuracy of the numerical model is subsequently established through comparisons to equivalent sea-states generated experimentally. SWASH is shown to perform well in modelling sea-states of local steepness <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span> with 2% accuracy. However, caution should be taken in modelling steeper sea-states dominated by breaking, where underestimation in normalised crest heights and wave heights of up to 18% are observed compared to experimental measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104745"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting wave runup on composite beaches","authors":"Matthew P. Conlin ,&nbsp;Gregory Wilson ,&nbsp;Hailey Bond ,&nbsp;Dorukhan Ardağ ,&nbsp;Colin Arnowil","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Empirical formulae for predicting wave runup (the maximum elevation reached by the water on a wave-by-wave basis) have not been widely tested on composite beaches, which have a characteristic cross-shore boundary in sediment size and slope. Using video-derived runup observations from two natural composite beaches in Oregon, U.S.A during both berm collision and inundation, the performance of existing empirical runup formulae was examined. The tested formulae were developed for sandy beaches, cobble beaches, and composite beaches. The sandy beach formulae showed good correlation with composite beach observations, however all but one tended to overpredict observations by 1–2 m. The overprediction depended in part on the definition used for beach slope, and is likely also a function of swash zone position and berm sediment characteristics. One sandy beach formula (that of Medellin et al., 2016; <span><span>https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-167-2016</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) and a modified version of a cobble beach formula (from Poate et al., 2016; <span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2016.08.003</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) were found to show good performance, with root mean squared errors (RMSE) of 0.55 m and 0.63 m, respectively (26 % and 30 % compared to the mean <span><math><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></msub></math></span> of 2.09 m), when the average of the beach and berm slopes was used. The only existing composite beach formulae were found to fit our observations during berm collision poorly, though performed more strongly for observations during berm inundation. Since those formulae were developed for the case of berm inundation, and the observations used here encompassed both berm collision and inundation, the results suggest that a more general formula encompassing both impact regimes is needed. By deconstructing the sources of error in the existing composite beach runup formulae, we identified parameterizations for wave setup and swash excursion to fit the present dataset of berm collision and inundation. The newly developed formula performs similarly though slightly worse than the existing composite beach formulae for a limited set of inundation observations, however across all observations (inundation and collision) the new formula obtains RMSE = 0.48 m (23 % of average observed <span><math><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></msub></math></span>) when the average of the beach and berm slopes is used, less than half of the existing composite beach formulae and lower than any other tested formula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104743"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the recession of berm breakwaters","authors":"Amir Etemad-Shahidi ,&nbsp;Meysam Bali ,&nbsp;Sigurdur Sigurdarson ,&nbsp;Petur Sveinbjörnsson","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Berm breakwaters are coastal structures with a rather wide armor layer made of a wide range of stone sizes. These structures are allowed to reshape in response to wave action and as a result, become more stable. Prediction of berm breakwaters' recession is one of the most important tasks in the design of berm breakwaters. Hence, several experimental studies have been carried out on the stability of berm breakwaters and several formulas for predicting the recession are obtained based on them. First, the existing databases were scrutinized to provide a comprehensive databank. Then, it was used to develop a new formula for the berm recession, which includes effects of most important structural characteristics such as front slope, berm height, armor size, density and grading as well as sea state parameters such as wave height, wave period, and water depth. The proposed formula's physical reasoning and accuracy metrics indicated that it outperforms existing formulas, especially in the practical range, i.e., shallow waters with recession between 0.5 and 10 times the armour size. A sensitivity analysis of the Sirevåg berm breakwater was conducted to illuminate the performance of various formulas and the influence of different parameters, Additionally, design recommendations are provided for practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}