Coastal Engineering最新文献

Phase-resolved analysis of velocity field structure and vorticity dynamics under colinear swell and wind-waves

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104736

Fabio Addona , Maria Clavero , Luca Chiapponi , Sandro Longo

{"title":"Phase-resolved analysis of velocity field structure and vorticity dynamics under colinear swell and wind-waves","authors":"Fabio Addona , Maria Clavero , Luca Chiapponi , Sandro Longo","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to analyze the turbulence field generated by the interaction between mechanical waves and colinear wind-waves in the liquid domain just below the free surface. Detailed three-dimensional velocity measurements close to the surface are decomposed into mean, swell, wind-waves, and turbulence contributions. In this work, we treat wind-waves as macroscale turbulence with a pseudo-random velocity field. Advanced data analysis yields phase-resolved and vertical examinations of wind-waves and turbulence stresses, kinetic energy, and vorticity. The results indicate that near the surface, the spanwise energy dominates both the wind-wave and the turbulence kinetic energy. The wind-waves and turbulence stress tensors exhibit a large anisotropy when swell waves are present, as a consequence of the interaction between swell and wind-waves. Furthermore, we present the spatio-temporal distribution of vorticity, and we elucidate the non-trivial interaction between vorticity and the flow field. This interaction results in body forces that contribute to the local variation in inertia, as described by the Navier–Stokes equation. It is observed that in all combinations, a body force acts, on average, downward, modifying the gradient pressure in the vertical direction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104736"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RoadRAT – A new framework to assess the probability of inundation, wave runup, and erosion impacting coastal roads

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104741

Caroline Hallin , Anna Adell , Björn Almström , Aart Kroon , Magnus Larson

{"title":"RoadRAT – A new framework to assess the probability of inundation, wave runup, and erosion impacting coastal roads","authors":"Caroline Hallin , Anna Adell , Björn Almström , Aart Kroon , Magnus Larson","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a new framework – RoadRAT - to calculate the probability of inundation, wave runup, and storm erosion impacting coastal roads. Extreme value analysis is applied to annual maxima of observed and simulated still water level levels (SWL), total water levels (SWL + runup), and storm erosion volumes. The probability of impact on the road is derived both for the present conditions and for future conditions considering long-term evolution of the coastline in response to sea level rise and projected continuation of historical trends. RoadRAT is intended for screening at a regional scale (>100 km) to identify vulnerable road segments that need further attention. A case study was conducted on the south coast of Sweden to demonstrate the framework. The results indicate that the main coastal road has a low probability of impact under present conditions, but that it will increase in the future under changing climatic conditions. In 2150, which is the target year for the analysis, several kilometres of the road will be lost to erosion, and flooding and runup will frequently impact parts of the remaining road. In future applications, RoadRAT could be coupled with models that describe the consequences of inundation, wave runup, and storm erosion for road serviceability and transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Submerged and emerged rigid vegetation impact on bedforms and sediment suspension under wave action

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104739

K. Ions , X. Wang , D.E. Reeve , N. Mori , H. Karunarathna

{"title":"Submerged and emerged rigid vegetation impact on bedforms and sediment suspension under wave action","authors":"K. Ions , X. Wang , D.E. Reeve , N. Mori , H. Karunarathna","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of experiments were carried out in a laboratory wave flume to investigate the impact of coastal rigid vegetation on suspended sediment transport and the generation of bedforms for a range of wave conditions for both submerged and emerged vegetations. Rigid arrays of cylindrical wooden dowels were used as vegetation mimics on a sandy bed. Two vegetation densities were selected, representing dense and sparse vegetation meadows. Synchronised flow velocity and suspended sediment concentration measurements were performed using particle image velocimetry and an acoustic backscatter sensor. Seabed ripples were observed in all cases where the near-bed velocity exceeded the threshold of sediment motion. The near-bed velocity governed sediment suspension on both bare and vegetated sediment seabeds. Near-bed sediment concentration on densely vegetated seabeds was lower than that of bare seabeds under the same wave conditions. These observations highlight the importance of considering the role of vegetation in shaping seabed morphology and the resultant suspended sediment concentrations. Then, the near-bed sediment concentration formulae used on bare sediment beds are validated for use on vegetated seabeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The wavefront shift method for bay beaches

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104740

Mariano Buccino, Sara Tuozzo, Mario Calabrese

{"title":"The wavefront shift method for bay beaches","authors":"Mariano Buccino, Sara Tuozzo, Mario Calabrese","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bay beaches, sheltered by one or more headlands, are predominant physiographic features along oceanic and sea coasts. Their distinctive planform is created through wave sheltering caused by diffraction, along with refraction wherever the indentation of the bay is large. The asymptotic scenario entailing no littoral drift along the bay is known as “static equilibrium”, and the shoreline contour associated with this long-term stable state is denoted as the Static Equilibrium Planform (SEP). SEP prediction is a crucial concept for engineering applications, as it serves to either check for the status of existing beaches or address erosion issues via headland control. The practical impact of this topic is reflected in the remarkable body of available literature. This article discusses a new SEP predictor, which focuses on wave diffraction as the primary driver shaping the bay. The approach, denoted as the Wavefront Shift Method (WSM), involves translating the diffracted wavefronts along the crestline of the incident waves. Diffracted wavefronts are obtained numerically by propagating regular waves with a Boussinesq model. Unlike other predictors, e.g. the parabolic equation, WSM does not rely on a mathematical formula established a priori; moreover, it features a clear connection to the physics of beach evolution. In 2021 the authors first introduced WSM for single-headland bays as an empirical result from their numerical investigation. This paper provides the method with a theoretical framework and extends it to include bays sheltered by two headlands. This extension is achieved by exploiting the Fraunhofer theory for the diffraction of light. The comparison with 20 natural bays along the Mediterranean coast indicates that WSM is a well-performing, easy-to-use approach with the potential to reduce, in some situations, the degree of subjectivism and complexity of the existing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104740"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying compound coastal flooding effects in urban regions using a tightly coupled 1D–2D model explicitly resolving flood defense infrastructure

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104728

Boxiang Tang , Kees Nederhoff , T.W. Gallien

{"title":"Quantifying compound coastal flooding effects in urban regions using a tightly coupled 1D–2D model explicitly resolving flood defense infrastructure","authors":"Boxiang Tang , Kees Nederhoff , T.W. Gallien","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-lying coastal areas are highly vulnerable to flooding hazards. High marine water levels may overflow seawalls, render the storm drain system inoperable, and promote pluvial and wave overtopping flooding. Complex interactions between various coastal flooding drivers (marine water levels, precipitation, waves) and urban infrastructure (i.e., the stormwater system, and seawalls) are characterized using a novel, tightly coupled hydrodynamic model. Flood extent field observations of tidal overflow, pluvial flooding, and overtopping flooding, along with storm drain system pressure sensor data are used to evaluate hydrodynamic model performance. High marine water levels, precipitation, and overtopping events are modeled and compared with validation data. Results suggest the hydrodynamic model explicitly resolving both 1D storm drain pipe flow and 2D overland flooding more accurately simulates compound flooding compared to typical 2D overland flow models. Nonlinear compound effects were resolved by comparing combined univariate flood impact to corresponding compound flood impact modeled within a tightly coupled 1D2D infrastructure-resolving model. Projected flood extents were <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>50% greater when compound interactions were resolved. Compound effects vary with event type, event magnitude, and site characteristics. Critically, coastal adaptation strategies protecting against high embayment water levels such as elevating seawalls may exacerbate compound flooding effects in low-lying communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Longitudinal and vertical evolution of wave-induced turbulence within vegetation 波浪诱发的植被内湍流的纵向和垂直演变

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104737

Yunshuo Cheng , Zhong Peng , Yuan Xu , Ying Zhao , Qing He

{"title":"Longitudinal and vertical evolution of wave-induced turbulence within vegetation","authors":"Yunshuo Cheng , Zhong Peng , Yuan Xu , Ying Zhao , Qing He","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt marsh vegetation provides essential morphodynamic and ecological benefits in coastal environments, yet the dynamics of wave-induced turbulence within vegetation remain poorly understood. Laboratory experiments are carried out to reveal the longitudinal and vertical evolution of wave-induced turbulence within vegetation for both non-breaking and breaking waves. Data from non-breaking intermediate waves highlights a nonlinear behavior of the longitudinal turbulent intensity across the vegetation, especially with high stem densities. A modified model is developed to account for the competition between increased turbulence scaling and reduced local wave orbital velocity at the leading edge of vegetation. For breaking waves, bubble clouds in video records and measured turbulence intensity together quantify vegetation's crucial role in buffering the vertical evolution of wave-induced turbulence and consequently reducing near-bed turbulence. Findings are crucial for understanding vegetation's role in shaping coastal morphodynamics and maintaining ecosystem health, with broad implications for coastal management and restoration efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of waves in large-scale coastal compound flooding: A case study of Hurricane Florence (2018)

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104726

Tim W.B. Leijnse , Ap van Dongeren , Maarten van Ormondt , Roel de Goede , Jeroen C.J.H. Aerts

{"title":"The importance of waves in large-scale coastal compound flooding: A case study of Hurricane Florence (2018)","authors":"Tim W.B. Leijnse , Ap van Dongeren , Maarten van Ormondt , Roel de Goede , Jeroen C.J.H. Aerts","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wave-driven flooding is often neglected or included in an approximate way in large-scale flood hazard assessments and early warning systems, despite its significant contribution to coastal flood hazards. This study introduces a method to incorporate incident and infragravity wave processes into a fast compound flood model by extending the SFINCS software with the SnapWave stationary wave energy solver. This extension efficiently translates offshore incident and infragravity wave conditions to the nearshore, allowing for the estimation of incident-wave-induced setup and the resolution of wave runup and overtopping. A quadtree approach is employed to optimize the grid resolution for wave processes in the coastal zone.</div><div>The approach is validated for Hurricane Florence (2018) along the North and South Carolina coastline of the United States, where observed offshore wave heights reached 10 m. The results illustrate that the impact of the hurricane extended hundreds of kilometers beyond the landfall area due to waves, highlighting its importance as coastal flood driver. In 19% of the coastline analyzed, wave contributions surpassed all other flood drivers combined, with waves contributing to an additional flooded area of 226 km<sup>2</sup> and a flood volume of 62 million m<sup>3</sup>.</div><div>The study also indicates that simpler parameterized methods for including wave-induced setup can lead to significant discrepancies in modeled water depths. The computational efficiency of the extended SFINCS model allows for the simulation of 1,000 km of coastline with limited computational resources. Hereby the critical role of wave effects in coastal compound flood hazard assessments could be demonstrated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Remotely sensed short-crested breaking waves in a laboratory directional wave basin” [Coastal Eng. (183), April 2023, 104327]

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104717

C. Baker , M. Moulton , M. Palmsten , K. Brodie , E. Nuss , C. Chickadel

引用次数: 0

The thresholds of sediment resuspension within emergent vegetation under combined wave-current conditions – A flume experiment

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104727

Thomas J. van Veelen , Heidi Nepf , Suzanne J.M.H. Hulscher , Bas W. Borsje

{"title":"The thresholds of sediment resuspension within emergent vegetation under combined wave-current conditions – A flume experiment","authors":"Thomas J. van Veelen , Heidi Nepf , Suzanne J.M.H. Hulscher , Bas W. Borsje","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The threshold of resuspension can be described by a critical velocity. Salt marsh vegetation modifies the flow conditions such that the critical velocities for resuspension derived on bare beds no longer apply. Within vegetation canopies, the critical velocity for resuspension was previously shown to decrease under pure current and pure wave conditions. In this study, we experimentally investigated how emergent salt marsh vegetation affects resuspension under combined wave-current flows that are typical for intertidal coastlines. Emergent artificial vegetation canopies inspired by <em>Spartina Anglica</em> and fine noncohesive sediment were placed in a wave-current flume. We set a constant current and incrementally increased the wave height until resuspension was measured. We repeated this procedure with a bare bed, three stem densities, and for a range of wave-current combinations. The critical velocity for resuspension was significantly reduced by vegetation-induced turbulence. Turbulent vortices shed by the stems entrained sediment particles from the bed. The critical velocity for resuspension decreased by 35–64% compared to bare bed conditions, depending on a ratio between the current velocity and wave velocity amplitude. The critical velocity decreased the most under pure current flows and the least under pure wave conditions. Finally, with vegetation present, the stem density did not affect the threshold of resuspension for the range of densities tested here. Our results can be implemented into sediment transport models through an adjusted Shields parameter for vegetated beds, which can be used for the management of salt marshes and the design of interventions for nature-based coastal protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104727"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing shorelines extracted from satellite imagery using coincident terrestrial lidar linescans

IF 4.2 2区工程技术

Coastal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104718

Shannon Brown, Annika O’Dea, Ian Conery, Katherine Brodie

{"title":"Assessing shorelines extracted from satellite imagery using coincident terrestrial lidar linescans","authors":"Shannon Brown, Annika O’Dea, Ian Conery, Katherine Brodie","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous algorithms have been developed to facilitate the extraction of shoreline position from satellite imagery, including the CoastSat algorithm. Previous analyses comparing CoastSat satellite-derived shorelines (SDS) to morphological data have highlighted that there are site-specific errors in outputs that are likely related to concurrent wave runup conditions, but the data required to test this relationship are rarely available. Here, we present a novel comparison of lidar-derived runup and beach elevation data to CoastSat satellite-derived waterlines (SDW) extracted using two image sources (Sentinel-2 and PlanetScope) and two threshold algorithms (Otsu and weighted peaks). Results show that while SDW extracted using Otsu thresholds correlated better with lidar-derived waterlines (LDW), SDW extracted using the weighted peaks threshold were consistently positioned in the upper swash and therefore correlated better with a runup bulk statistic. Assigning the best-fit runup bulk statistic as the waterline elevation to weighted peaks SDW resulted in SDS with less scatter than the Otsu SDW due to the more consistent waterline elevation. Horizontal errors for the converted datum-referenced shoreline were lowest when SDW were converted to SDS using best-fit measured runup bulk statistics and a measured slope. However, for weighted peaks SDW from both image sources, assigning the best-fit parameterized runup bulk statistic and an average slope in the SDW to SDS conversion still reduced error by <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>20</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>35</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span> when compared to the tidal elevation and average slope. These findings confirm that runup corrections can improve native SDS outputs, although the magnitude of the final shorelines error depended on the specific imagery product, local beach slope, threshold technique, runup parametrization, and chosen reference contour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"199 ","pages":"Article 104718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0