粗粒坡上未腐烂溃坝孔的涌流、淹没和流速

IF 4.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Yu Hsiao , Yun-Ta Wu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了未腐烂的溃坝孔在可渗透的粗粒和不渗透的海滩上行进时产生的冲刷流。实验测量了上升高度、淹没深度、流速和地下水的变化。试验涵盖了广泛的钻孔强度,这有利于系统地研究钻孔水动力学,包括它们对冲刷和淹没的影响。然后,将比较扩展到透水和不透水边坡的实测结果。在这种情况下,最初为光滑和粗糙的不透水斜坡开发的经验公式,通过对粗粒度海滩的测量得出的减少因子进行了改进,从而可以量化海滩渗透性的影响。由测量的上升高度和淹没深度得出的减小系数与钻孔类型有关。利用时间分辨粒子图像测速技术捕获了冲浪带和冲刷带内的速度场,并由此计算出床层剪应力。确定了四个不同阶段的流动行为:上冲、第一次降冲、停滞阶段和第二次降冲。在流动反转阶段,观察到靠近床层的速度比靠近自由表面的速度更快反转,这一现象归因于边界层效应。在渗透性边坡情况下,在冲刷运动的后两个阶段,渗漏过程变得明显。用两种不同的公式估计的床层剪应力通常表现出可比较的趋势。两种透水滩地控制地下水流动的机制也不同:在砾石边坡上,钻孔诱导的渗透横向推进并迅速与地下水位融合;在粗砂滩,冲升阶段的入渗主要由重力排水驱动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Runup, inundation, and flow velocity of non-decaying dam-break bores on coarse-grained slopes
This study investigates the swash flows generated by non-decaying dam-break bores traveling over permeable coarse-grained and impermeable beaches. Experiments were conducted to measure runup height, inundation depth, flow velocity, and variations in groundwater. The experiments covered a wide range of bore strengths, which is beneficial for systematically examining bore hydrodynamics, including their effects on runup and inundation. Then, comparisons were extended to the measured results on permeable and impermeable slopes. In this context, empirical formulations, originally developed for smooth and rough impermeable slopes, were refined with reduction factors derived from measurements on coarse-grained beaches, thus allowing for quantifying beach permeability effects. The reduction factors derived from the measured runup heights and inundation depths demonstrated a dependency on the bore types. Velocity fields within the surf and swash zones were captured using time-resolved particle image velocimetry, from which bed shear stresses were subsequently calculated. Four distinct stages of flow behavior were identified: uprush, first downrush, stagnant phase, and second downrush. During the flow reversal phase, it was observed that velocities near the bed reversed direction sooner than those nearer to the free surface, a phenomenon attributed to the boundary layer effect. In permeable slope cases, exfiltration processes became significant during the latter two stages of swash motion. The bed shear stresses, estimated using two distinct formulations, generally exhibited comparable trends. The mechanisms governing groundwater flow also differed between the two permeable beach types: on the gravel slope, bore-induced infiltration advances laterally and rapidly merges with the groundwater level; on the coarse sand beach, infiltration was primarily driven by gravitational drainage during the uprush phase.
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来源期刊
Coastal Engineering
Coastal Engineering 工程技术-工程:大洋
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
13.60%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: Coastal Engineering is an international medium for coastal engineers and scientists. Combining practical applications with modern technological and scientific approaches, such as mathematical and numerical modelling, laboratory and field observations and experiments, it publishes fundamental studies as well as case studies on the following aspects of coastal, harbour and offshore engineering: waves, currents and sediment transport; coastal, estuarine and offshore morphology; technical and functional design of coastal and harbour structures; morphological and environmental impact of coastal, harbour and offshore structures.
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