Manouk de Hooge , Torsten Diekhoff , Denis Poddubnyy
{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in spondyloarthritis: Friend or Foe?","authors":"Manouk de Hooge , Torsten Diekhoff , Denis Poddubnyy","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a valuable tool for early detection and of axial spondyloarthritis<span> (axSpA). A standardized imaging acquisition protocol, aligned with the current state-of-the-art, is crucial to obtain MRI scans that meet the diagnostic quality requirements. It is important to note that certain lesions, particularly bone marrow edema (BME), can be induced by mechanical stress or be a manifestation of another non-inflammatory disorder and may mimic the characteristic findings of axSpA on MRI. Therefore, a thorough assessment of MRI lesions, considering their localization and presence of highly specific features such as erosions and backfill, becomes imperative. Additionally, the application of additional imaging modalities, when necessary, can contribute to the differentiation of axSpA from other conditions that may exhibit similar MRI findings. This review provides recommendations on how to perform MRI in daily clinical practice and how to interpret finding from the differential diagnostic point of view.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101874"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Baraliakos , U. Kiltz , I. Kononenko , A. Ciurea
{"title":"Treatment overview of axial spondyloarthritis in 2023","authors":"X. Baraliakos , U. Kiltz , I. Kononenko , A. Ciurea","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The treatment of patients with </span>axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is characterized by non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment options. It may depend on the type and extent of musculoskeletal and extramusculoskeletal manifestations. Recent data on non-pharmacological treatment options, such as physical activity, physiotherapy, and modification of lifestyle factors, are summarized in this review. Moreover, we have provided an overview on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the ever-expanding number of biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs and tsDMARDs, respectively). In addition to data on efficacy and safety, the review also encompasses data on switching/cycling, tapering, and treatment selection for specific patient subgroups to optimize treatment outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10169410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in axial spondyloarthritis: Learning from the leaders","authors":"Sofia Ramiro, Nigil Haroon","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101877"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural disease modification in axial spondyloarthritis","authors":"Brona Dinneen , Finbar O’Shea , Lianne Gensler","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>“Disease modification” in axial spondyloarthritis<span><span> (axSpA) seeks to not only alleviate clinical symptoms but also alter the disease’s natural course by impeding new bone formation. Recent years have witnessed the effectiveness of treatments<span>, including biologics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in managing axSpA symptoms. Emerging evidence points toward their potential impact on slowing structural disease progression. This comprehensive review centers on the pivotal role of inhibiting new bone formation in axSpA disease modification. It delves into the significance of </span></span>imaging techniques<span><span> for assessing disease progression and explores the disease-modifying properties of available axSpA treatments, encompassing NSAIDs, TNF inhibitors, IL-17 inhibitors, and </span>JAK inhibitors. This article offers valuable insights into the evolving landscape of disease modification strategies in axial spondyloarthritis, highlighting the multifaceted approaches used to attain these objectives.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101898"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philipp Bosch , Sizheng Steven Zhao , Elena Nikiphorou
{"title":"The association between comorbidities and disease activity in spondyloarthritis – A narrative review","authors":"Philipp Bosch , Sizheng Steven Zhao , Elena Nikiphorou","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and depression, are more prevalent in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) than in the general population. Clinical and laboratory markers of disease activity are associated with numerous of these comorbidities, and studies suggest that the treatment of SpA can have a positive impact on comorbidities; conversely, managing comorbidities can improve disease activity. Therefore, the screening of comorbidities is considered a core component of a rheumatology consultation, and treatment should be performed in liaison with other health professionals (e.g. general physicians). Validated tools and questionnaires can be used for not only the detection but also the monitoring of potential comorbidities. Understanding whether a comorbidity is a separate disease entity, linked to SpA or its treatment, or an extra-musculoskeletal manifestation of the disease is important to identify the most appropriate treatment options.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521694223000438/pdfft?md5=586b84361f37b02f1f8302bdd4181e01&pid=1-s2.0-S1521694223000438-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10226170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101921"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521694223001146/pdfft?md5=26b7c7b7c2af4e1a6c94ae1fe8915279&pid=1-s2.0-S1521694223001146-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138826151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To taper or not to taper biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in axial spondyloarthritis anno 2023: That is the question","authors":"Zuzanna Lukasik , Philippe Carron , Casper Webers","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The 2022 ASAS-EULAR recommendations for the management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) propose to consider dose reduction of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) for patients in sustained remission. However, this recommendation does not offer clear guidance for daily clinical practice. In this review, we analyze </span>randomized clinical trials<span> and real-world data on tapering and discontinuation of bDMARDs in patients with axSpA. We discuss the scientific rationale and benefits of tapering, identify advice to apply tapering in current practice, and delineate aspects to be investigated in future research.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101869"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10492436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Challenges in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis","authors":"Floris A. van Gaalen , Martin Rudwaleit","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With back pain as one of the most common complaints in the population and with no single disease feature with sufficient sensitivity and specificity to diagnose axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) on its own, diagnosing axSpA can be challenging. In this article, we discuss clinical, laboratory, and imaging spondyloarthritis features that can be used in diagnosis and explain the general principles underlying an axSpA diagnosis. Moreover, we discuss three pitfalls to avoid when diagnosing axSpA: i) using classification criteria as diagnostic criteria, ii) making a diagnosis by simple counting of spondyloarthritis features, and iii) over-reliance on imaging findings. Finally, we have some advice on how to build diagnostic skills and discuss new developments that may help facilitate the diagnosis of axSpA in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101871"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521694223000578/pdfft?md5=47d675710b7d1788a68dc3e69c207fda&pid=1-s2.0-S1521694223000578-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10628007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic delay in axial spondylarthritis: A lost battle?","authors":"Rosemarie Barnett , Karl Gaffney , Raj Sengupta","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101870","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101870","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diagnostic delay in axial spondylarthritis (axSpA) remains an unacceptable worldwide problem; with evidence suggesting significant detrimental impact both clinically on the individual, and economically on society. There is therefore, a need for global action across various healthcare professions that come into contact with patients living, and suffering, with undiagnosed axSpA. Recent estimates of the median diagnostic delay suggest that globally, individuals with axSpA wait between 2 and 6 years for a diagnosis – revealing a clear benchmark for improvement. This timespan presents a window of opportunity for earlier diagnosis and intervention, which will likely improve patient outcomes. This review describes the current diagnostic delay as estimated across countries and over time, before presenting evidence from published strategies that may be implemented to improve this delay across primary and secondary care, including for specialties treating extra-musculoskeletal manifestations of axSpA (ophthalmology, gastroenterology, dermatology). Ongoing campaigns tackling delayed diagnosis in axSpA are also highlighted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101870"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521694223000566/pdfft?md5=2708121be5c9d07090c7a3a4dc4c8d3a&pid=1-s2.0-S1521694223000566-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10492441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pregnancy & neonatal outcomes in spondyloarthritis","authors":"Sinead Maguire , Anna Molto","doi":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.berh.2023.101868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Limited research has been conducted on the impact of spondylitis (SpA) on fertility, but some studies suggest a higher risk of </span>subfertility in women with </span>SpA<span> compared to the general population. Factors associated with impaired fertility in SpA include pain, fatigue, stiffness, functional disorders, depression, anxiety, negative body image, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) preconceptionally, while TNF alpha inhibitors may play a role in improving fertility in certain cases.</span></p><p>There has been a recent increase in clinical research focused on pregnancy outcomes in SpA. However, clear trends in terms of risk of pregnancy and fetal complications have been slow to emerge and many questions remain for women with SpA planning a pregnancy. This article discusses the current evidence for risk of specific pregnancy and fetal complications in women with axial and psoriatic SpA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50983,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research in Clinical Rheumatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"Article 101868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10502013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}