Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger最新文献

{"title":"Growing stylohyoideus muscle insertion to the hyoid bone with special reference to its topographical relation to the intermediate tendon of digastricus muscle: A histological study using human fetuses","authors":"Kei Kitamura ,&nbsp;Ryu Suzuki ,&nbsp;Satoshi Ishizuka ,&nbsp;Gen Murakami ,&nbsp;Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Shin-ichi Abe","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In adults, the intermediate tendon of digastricus muscle usually runs along the medial or lateral side of the stylohyoideus muscle insertion. To provide a better understanding of the variations, we examined the topographical anatomy of the muscle and tendon in fetuses.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined histological sections from six early-term, 26 mid-term and six near-term fetuses (approximately 8–9, 12–18 weeks and 25–33 weeks).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At early-term, an initial sheath of intermediate tendon of digastricus muscle received the stylohyoideus muscle at the superior aspect. The muscle and tendon was distant from the hyoid. At mid-term, near the insertion to the hyoid greater horn, the stylohyoideus muscle consistently surrounded more than 2/3 of the intermediate tendon circumference. In contrast, we found no near-term specimen in which the stylohyoideus muscle surrounded the intermediate tendon. The multilayered tendon sheath was fully developed until near-term and connected to the body of hyoid by an intermuscular septum between the thyrohyoideus muscle and one or two of suprahyoid muscles. Therefore, the hyoid insertion of the styloglossus muscle was a transient morphology at mid-term.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The stylohyoideus muscle insertion was appeared to move from the tendon sheath to the hyoid greater horn and, until near-term, return to the tendon sheath. A fascia connecting the tendon sheath to the body of hyoid was strengthened by the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles. The latter muscles seemed to regulate fixation/relaxation of the intermediate tendon to the hyoid. The stylohyoideus muscle slips sandwiching the intermediate tendon might be a rare morphology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000384/pdfft?md5=51914fb5a94a6ea3bc7ffaba3a08b890&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the sex-associated differences in molars fused roots","authors":"Maria Eduarda Nunis Locks ,&nbsp;Erika Calvano Küchler ,&nbsp;Leonardo Santos Antunes ,&nbsp;Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa ,&nbsp;Natanael Henrique Ribeiro Mattos ,&nbsp;Camila Paiva Perin ,&nbsp;Paulo Henrique Condeixa França ,&nbsp;Peter Proff ,&nbsp;Christian Kirschneck ,&nbsp;Flares Baratto-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Human sexual dimorphism is associated with many biological characteristics, including dental variables.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To investigate if molars fused roots present sex-associated differences.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Panoramic radiographs were used to investigate the frequency and distribution of permanent molars fused roots. Only patients with all first and second permanent molars were included. Third molars were not investigated. Any molar with roots fused apical to the usual furcal position were considered molar fused roots. Comparisons between males and females were performed using chi-square or Fisher’s and Mann-Whitney tests and the established alpha was 5% (p&lt;0.05). Sex-differential liability models were also proposed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 84 males and 86 females were included and 1360 molars were analyzed. Among them, 46 (26.06%) present at least one molar with fused root. Second maxillary molars were the most affected teeth. There was an association between sex and molars with fused roots. Females had a 3.4 higher chance to present fused roots than males (OR=3.4, CI 95% 1.6–6.8; p=0.0008). The female: male ratio of molars with fused roots was 2.5:1. The number of molars with fused roots ranged from 1 to 6 per patient, and the mean number of Females presented more molars with fused roots (mean = 1.01; standard deviation = 1.52) than males (mean = 0.31; standard deviation = 0.85) (p&lt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Molar fused root of permanent teeth presents sex-associated differences, in which females are more affected than males. Our results support sex-differential liability models for molars fused roots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000372/pdfft?md5=9529b028e43bc3711ca9c14e25a6fcc1&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000372-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First standardized assessment of perforators and perforasomes of the occipital artery – An anatomical study","authors":"Sam Augustine Kandathil ,&nbsp;Lukas Sebastian Dengler ,&nbsp;Lena Hirtler","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Flaps have become an integral part of plastic and reconstructive surgery. The robust blood supply of such flaps is a prerequisite to reduce flap failure. Despite the reported versatility of the occipital flap, comprehensive anatomical studies on its perforators and perforasomes are lacking. Hence, we examined the perforators originating from the occipital artery and their associated perforasomes, aiming to fill this knowledge gap for reconstructive surgery techniques.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>39 of 40 occipital arteries of 20 fresh anatomical head specimens were dissected. Perforators with a least an outer diameter of 0.50 mm were identified and injected with dye to color their respective perforasomes. Location and size of the colored skin areas were determined as well as the location of their perforators were documented and analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 183 perforators were found and described. The mean diameter of these vessels was 0.88 ± 0.27 mm (0.5–2.1 mm). The mean area of the perforasomes was 1288.26 ± 662.51 mm² (144.60–3890.60 mm²). They were localized over the whole nuchal and occipital area. Lastly, perforator diameters were significantly associated with the size of their resulting perforasomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study is the first comprehensive overview of perforators and associated perforasomes of the occipital artery on a respectable amount of specimen. The arterial supply of big portions of the occipital and nuchal area is provided solely by the perforators of the occipital artery. For flap surgery, perforator diameter is a crucial detail to be considered in the decision-making process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000335/pdfft?md5=e335a300782b4f6d6d4bc93361a0039d&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000335-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical trends and current experiences of anatomical body donation in two Zimbabwean medical schools","authors":"Phillipa Marima ,&nbsp;Josephine Tendai Chidaushe ,&nbsp;Svetlana King ,&nbsp;Fidelis Chibhabha","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Body donation is integral to anatomy education, but procurement can be ethically fraught. While voluntary donation is preferred, the use of unclaimed bodies, although considered unethical, is a primary means for body procurement in some countries. This mixed methods study examined historical trends and anatomy technical staff perspectives on body donation in two Zimbabwean medical schools.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology and main findings</h3><p>In Phase 1, 194 cadaver paper records from January 1984 to January 2021 were reviewed. Unclaimed bodies accounted for 67% while 33% (all white Zimbabweans) were voluntarily donated. Most cadavers were black Africans (62.4%) followed by white Zimbabweans (34.0%). Race was not indicated in seven (3.6%) records. In Phase 2, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven technicians responsible for sourcing cadavers at the two institutions. Data were thematically analysed resulting in the development of eight themes, arranged into three domains. Cadaver procurement themes related to (1) cadaver source, (2) adherence to procurement guidelines, (3) screening for suitability, and (4) cultural and religious beliefs. Cadaver embalmment focused on (5) embalming practices, and (6) hospital mortuary-based embalming. Finally, (7) disposal processes and (8) resource constraints were found to influence cadaver disposal practices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Contrary to best practice, there is continued reliance on the use of unclaimed bodies to support anatomy education in the two Zimbabwean medical schools. Improving the ethical sourcing of bodies requires increased efforts to educate all Zimbabweans, especially the black majority, about the role and importance of voluntary body donation in medical education. Additionally, well-structured, and well-resourced body donation programs could enhance ethical procurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem sympathomimetic iris excitability","authors":"Colya N. Englisch ,&nbsp;Reem Alrefai ,&nbsp;Cristina Martin Lesan ,&nbsp;Berthold Seitz ,&nbsp;Thomas Tschernig","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background:</h3><p>A reliable estimation of time since death can be important for the law enforcement authorities. The compound method encompassing supravital reactions such as the chemical excitability of the iris can be used to further narrow intervals estimated by temperature-based methods. Postmortem iris excitability was mostly assessed by parasympatholytic or parasympathomimetic substances. Little is known regarding sympathomimetic agents. The present study aims to describe the postmortem iris excitability using the sympathomimetic drug phenylephrine.</p></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><p>Cadavers were included after body donors gave written informed consent during lifetime. Exclusion criteria were known eye disease, or a postmortem interval exceeding 26 hours. A pupillometer with a minimum measurement range of 0.5 mm was used to determine the horizontal pupil diameter before and 20 minutes after the application of phenylephrine. Increase in pupil diameter was labeled as positive reaction, unchanged pupil diameter was labeled as negative reaction, and decrease in pupil diameter was labeled as paradox reaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results<em>:</em></h3><p>30 eyes from 16 cadavers (median age = 80.0; 9 males, 7 females) were examined. Initial pupil size was in median 3.5 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.0–4.5 mm) and progressed to 4.0 mm (IQR: 3.5–5.0 mm) 20 minutes after drug instillation. The achieved pupil diameter difference comprised in median 0.5 mm (IQR: 0.0–1.0 mm). A positive reaction was observed in 21 cases. Negative reactions were observed in 5 cases and paradox reactions in 4 cases. Overall, there was a statistically significant difference in diameter between the initial and the reactive pupil (<em>P</em> = 0.0002).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion:</h3><p>Although relatively rarely used, sympathomimetic drugs seem to be eligible for chemical postmortem iris excitability. Currently, assessment of postmortem iris excitability usually only involves parasympatholytic and parasympathomimetic agents. The findings of the present study give a hint that the application of a third agent with a sympathomimetic mechanism of action could provide additional information. Further studies assessing such a triple approach in the compound method in comparison with the current gold standard for estimation of time since death are mandatory to ensure reliable results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000323/pdfft?md5=77a1fcd880ef7d135c26104ea37ac6cf&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140069009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Netrin-1 as A neural guidance protein in development and reinnervation of the larynx","authors":"Ignacio Hernandez-Morato ,&nbsp;Shira Koss ,&nbsp;Emily Honzel ,&nbsp;Michael J. Pitman","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neural guidance proteins participate in motor neuron migration, axonal projection, and muscle fiber innervation during development. One of the guidance proteins that participates in axonal pathfinding is Netrin-1. Despite the well-known role of Netrin-1 in embryogenesis of central nervous tissue, it is still unclear how the expression of this guidance protein contributes to primary innervation of the periphery, as well as reinnervation. This is especially true in the larynx where Netrin-1 is upregulated within the intrinsic laryngeal muscles after nerve injury and where blocking of Netrin-1 alters the pattern of reinnervation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Despite this consistent finding, it is unknown how Netrin-1 expression contributes to guidance of the axons towards the larynx. Improved knowledge of Netrin-1’s role in nerve regeneration and reinnervation post-injury in comparison to its role in primary innervation during embryological development, may provide insights in the search for therapeutics to treat nerve injury. This paper reviews the known functions of Netrin-1 during the formation of the central nervous system and during cranial nerve primary innervation. It also describes the role of Netrin-1 in the formation of the larynx and during recurrent laryngeal reinnervation following nerve injury in the adult.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical considerations of the sural nerve in the distal leg: Side branch patterns and significance in nerve harvesting procedures","authors":"Anhelina Khadanovich ,&nbsp;Daniela Trachtova ,&nbsp;Radek Kaiser ,&nbsp;Michal Benes ,&nbsp;Adam Whitley ,&nbsp;David Kachlik","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The sural nerve is a somatosensory nerve that provides sensation to the posterolateral aspect of the lower leg and the lateral part of the ankle and foot. Due to its location and anatomical properties, it is often used as an autologous nerve graft. However, the nerve harvest can be complicated by the presence of side branches. The objective of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the sural nerve and to map its side branches. This information can be used to predict the localization of separate incisions during the stair-step incisions technique for nerve harvest, thereby reducing the risk of complications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study involved the dissection of 50 adult cadaveric legs (25 left and 25 right) obtained from 27 Central European cadavers. The focus of the dissection was to identify the sural nerve, small saphenous vein, and surrounding anatomical structures. Detailed measurements were taken on the side branches of the sural nerve, tributaries of the small saphenous vein, and their interrelationship.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average number of sural nerve side branches in a single leg was 4.2±1.9. These side branches were categorized into six groups based on their location and course: mediodistal, medioproximal, lateroproximal, laterodistal, medial perpendicular, and lateral perpendicular. Specific patterns of combination of these side branches were also identified and described. The branching point of the sural nerve was found to be 5.8±2.7 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus, whereas the small saphenous vein branching point was located more distally, 4.5 ± 2.8 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus. The highest density of sural nerve side branches was found 2.1–6.0 cm above the lateral malleolus.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study presents valuable data about the relationship between the sural nerve and the surrounding anatomical structures in the distal part of the leg, including the identification of its side branches and their relevance during nerve harvest procedures. On the basis of the most frequent locations of side branches, a three-incision-technique for nerve harvest is proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The structure and function of the human choroid","authors":"Weina Zhang ,&nbsp;Alexandra Kaser-Eichberger ,&nbsp;Wanlin Fan ,&nbsp;Christian Platzl ,&nbsp;Falk Schrödl ,&nbsp;Ludwig M. Heindl","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this manuscript, the structure of the human choroid is reviewed with emphasis of the macro- and microscopic anatomy including Bruch’s membrane, choriocapillaris, Sattler’s and Haller’s layer, and the suprachoroid. We here discuss the development of the choroid, as well as the question of choroidal lymphatics, and further the neuronal control of this tissue, as well as the pathologic angiogenesis. Wherever possible, functional aspects of the various structures are included and reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcification patterns and morphology of Sella turcica are related to anteroposterior skeletal malocclusions: A cross-sectional study","authors":"João Armando Brancher ,&nbsp;Larissa Alves Maciel da Silva ,&nbsp;Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis ,&nbsp;Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Leo de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Leonardo Santos Antunes ,&nbsp;L.ívia Azeredo Alves Antunes ,&nbsp;Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani ,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Torres ,&nbsp;Eva Paddenberg-Schubert ,&nbsp;Christian Kirschneck ,&nbsp;Erika Calvano Küchler","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The sphenoid bone is an irregular, unpaired, symmetrical bone located in the middle of the anterior skull and is involved in craniofacial growth and development. Since the morphology of Sella turcica (ST) is associated with different craniofacial patterns, this study aimed to investigate if there is a correlation between ST morphology on the one hand and sagittal craniofacial patterns on the other hand.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was conducted with a convenience sample that included Brazilian individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalograms were used to evaluate the calcification pattern and morphology of ST, as well as skeletal class by analyzing the ANB angle. Pearson's chi-square test with Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed to evaluate the association between ST calcification pattern and morphology, and anteroposterior skeletal malocclusion. The established significance level was 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study collective was comprised of 305 orthodontic patients (178 (58.4 %) female, 127 (41.6 %) male), who had a mean age of 23.2 (±10.6) years. 131 participants (42.9 %) presented skeletal class I, 142 (46.6%) skeletal Class II, and 32 (10.5%) had a skeletal class III. The degree of prognathism of the mandible showed a homogenous distribution within the study collective (91 (29.9 %) orthognathic, 100 (32.9 %) retrognathic, 113 (37.2 %) prognathic mandible). Concerning the maxilla, 92 (30.2%) individuals presented an orthognathic upper jaw, whereas 60 (19.7%) showed maxillary retrognathism and 153 (50.2%) maxillary prognathism. Compared to patients with skeletal class I, skeletal class III individuals presented significantly more hypertrophic posterior clinoid process (p&lt;0.007) and pyramidal shape of the dorsum of the ST (p&lt;0.038).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results suggest that the hypertrophic posterior clinoid process and pyramidal shape of the ST dorsum are more prevalent in individuals with skeletal class III malocclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152233"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000256/pdfft?md5=536ba0432e2eb037137029cfdfd1a811&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000256-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the (clinical) relevance of gross anatomical teaching for dental students and practicing oral surgeons in Berlin","authors":"Gerald Buhlheller,&nbsp;Anna Steinborn,&nbsp;Irene Brunk","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knowledge of human anatomy is an important scientific basis for every dentist, and the adequacy of its provision by anatomy faculties is therefore constantly being adapted. Students' motivation to comprehend knowledge is a fundamental prerequisite and has been shown to increase when the relevance of the subject is clear. This study examines dental students' perceptions of the relevance of the anatomy curriculum, with particular reference to clinical practice and the dissection course, in conjunction with the perceptions of surgically specialized dentists. The distinctions between the participating groups concerning their perceived relevance are being discussed particularly regarding their applicability to improve the anatomical education of dental students. The overall aim is to find and highlight aspects of the clinical use of anatomical knowledge towards students, which they are unable to apprehend yet. A questionnaire consisting of information on demographics and professional competence as well as a Likert-style section was administered to dental students at Charité Universitätsmedizin in 2019/2020 (n = 322, 84.96%) and a modified version with congruent questions was administered retrospectively to oral surgeons practicing in Berlin in 2020 (n = 81, 63.3%). A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to examine differences in responses between the cohorts. Demographic data and professional competence were correlated with the participants' ratings of the given statements using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Both groups of respondents expressed a high level of appreciation of the overall relevance of anatomical knowledge, valued the teaching of all human anatomy for dental education, and recognized the relevance of anatomical knowledge for clinical practice. The importance of the dissection course was also rated relatively high by both groups of respondents. The overall appreciation of anatomical knowledge was more prevalent among oral surgeons. There were few correlations between demographics in our findings, showing slightly higher motivation in female students and a growing appreciation of anatomical knowledge as students qualification progressed. The demographics and post-qualification experience of the participating oral surgeons did not influence their perceptions. The results of this survey suggest that there is potential to increase the motivation of dental students to learn anatomy by emphasizing clinical relevance, as perceived by experienced practitioners, during the anatomy curriculum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"254 ","pages":"Article 152237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0940960224000293/pdfft?md5=fb43f02a0c234c44ec4002ea9650e604&pid=1-s2.0-S0940960224000293-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}