Catalysis Letters最新文献

{"title":"Preparation of Hierarchical-Structured Mo2CTx/PbBiO2nullBr Composite Materials and Photocatalytic Degradation of Antibiotics","authors":"Minghong Sun,&nbsp;Xianfeng Zhao,&nbsp;Muran Li,&nbsp;Xinxin Shao,&nbsp;Xinpeng Ji,&nbsp;Tao Zhou,&nbsp;Yue Xu,&nbsp;Hengwen Zhang,&nbsp;Sundaram Chandrasekaran,&nbsp;Huidan Lu,&nbsp;Yongping Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05467-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05467-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photocatalytic technology is a significant approach to addressing environmental pollution, highlighting the strategic importance of developing novel, high efficiency photocatalysts. This study prepares hierarchical PbBiO₂Br/Mo₂CTx composites via in situ hydrothermal growth of PbBiO₂Br nanoflowers on MXene Mo₂CTx nanosheets. Morphological and structural characterization confirms that PbBiO₂Br nanoflowers encapsulate Mo₂CT_x nanosheets, forming a three-dimensional porous architecture. Photocatalytic degradation tests show the composite exhibits superior activity to pure PbBiO₂Br for ciprofloxacin degradation: the 5 wt% Mo₂CTx-loaded sample shows a degradation efficiency 4.3 times that of pristine PbBiO₂Br and 9.4 times that of bare Mo₂CTx, with a kinetic constant approximately 11.02 times that of pure PbBiO₂Br and 25.15 times that of pure Mo₂CTx. Steady-state/transient PL, EPR, and photoelectrochemical measurements demonstrate that the composite’s photogenerated charge separation and migration efficiency are markedly enhanced. This is attributed to Mo₂CTx acting as an electron reservoir to suppress charge recombination, while the unique hierarchical structure promotes interfacial charge transfer and exposes more active sites. A novel photocatalytic mechanism and antibiotic degradation pathway are proposed, providing important references for the development of MXene-based composite photocatalysts and their application in antibiotic degradation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>The figure intuitively demonstrates the reaction mechanism and the superior photocatalytic performance of 5Mo</p></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum Dot-Sensitized ZnIn2S4 Composite Heterostructures for Efficient Solar-Driven Hydrogen Evolution","authors":"Mei Han,&nbsp;Yuan Yang,&nbsp;Yanyun Sun,&nbsp;Jingyi Chen,&nbsp;Lin Zhou,&nbsp;Yuhao Wang,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang,&nbsp;Huiyan Pan,&nbsp;Keliang Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05481-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05481-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar-driven photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production represents a highly promising clean energy technology; however, its practical deployment remains impeded by intrinsically narrow light absorption, severe recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, and sluggish surface reaction kinetics. In this work, we propose that nitrogen atoms within g-C₃N₄ quantum dots induce a local charge polarization effect, thereby facilitating the formation of a directed electron transfer channel at the heterointerface. This hypothesis is primarily supported by optoelectronic characterization results. Concurrently, quantum confinement effects and abundant surface unsaturated coordination sites endow the quantum dots with exceptional electron storage and transport capabilities, while simultaneously furnishing a high density of proton adsorption active centers. Under simulated solar irradiation, the C₃N₄ QDs-ZIS-1 composite achieves a hydrogen evolution rate of 4.2 mmol·g^− 1·h^− 1, approximately 1.91 times that of pristine ZnIn₂S₄, and exhibits excellent cycling stability. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the g-C₃N₄ quantum dots function as efficient electron acceptors and transfer mediators, where nitrogen-induced charge polarization markedly suppresses the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and accelerates surface proton reduction kinetics. This study elucidates the pivotal role of heteroatom-induced polarization effects in governing charge transfer dynamics at quantum dot/sulfide heterointerfaces, offering new atomistic-level design strategies for the development of non-noble-metal, highly efficient, and stable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution systems.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Heat Treatment Procedures</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Thiazole-5-Ones Catalyzed by a Novel Cellulose-Supported Magnetic Fe3O4-MOF Nanocomposite","authors":"Maryam JahangirVazifeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Abdollahi-Basir,&nbsp;Bahman Sharifzadeh,&nbsp;Farhad Shirini","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05460-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05460-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thiazole-5-ones were synthesized using a novel and efficient one-pot three-component reaction involving acetophenones and/or aromatic aldehyde derivatives, ethyl chloroacetate and thiosemicarbazide, facilitated by a newly reported heterogeneous nanocatalyst formulated as Fe₃O₄/cellulose/Zn-MOF. This protocol yielded the desired products with excellent yields (90–98%) during a simple procedure in the absence of solvent within brief reaction times (10–15 min). The nanocatalyst was easily recovered using an external magnet and retained high catalytic efficiency over five consecutive cycles. The structural integrity of the recovered catalyst was confirmed by FT-IR and XRD analysis, demonstrating its potential for sustainable and green chemical transformations. The combination of high efficiency, excellent product yields, straightforward work-up, catalyst recyclability, and solvent-free conditions highlights the potential of the Fe₃O₄/cellulose/Zn-MOF nanocatalyst as a practical and sustainable catalytic system for the synthesis of thiazole-5-one derivatives. The structure of the synthesized heterogeneous catalyst was thoroughly characterized using various spectroscopic techniques including SEM, TEM, XRD, EDX/Mapping, VSM, TGA, and FT-IR.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PdSn Bimetallic Catalysts Prepared by Electroless Deposition for Enhanced n-Butane Dehydrogenation to Butenes","authors":"Hemant K. Nayak,&nbsp;Pramod M. Gawal","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05480-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05480-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Efficient n-butane dehydrogenation is a promising route for producing value-added C₄ olefins. In this study, PdSn bimetallic catalysts were synthesized by cyclic electroless deposition on surfactant-modified alumina, zeolite, and silica gel supports. XRD, TEM, EDX, and BET analyses confirmed highly dispersed Pd and Sn species, nanosized metal clusters, successful metal deposition, and support-dependent textural properties. Sn incorporation improved Pd dispersion and enhanced catalytic activity compared with monometallic Pd catalysts. Among the prepared catalysts, PdSn/Sl exhibited the best performance at 550 °C, achieving 68.3% n-butane conversion, 35.4% n-butene yield, and 32.9% iso-butene yield. Time-on-stream analysis showed a deactivation rate of 9.66% after 24 h, indicating reasonable catalytic stability. Spent-catalyst TG-DTA and XRD analyses further suggested moderate coke deposition and structural stability after reaction. These results demonstrate that electroless-deposited PdSn/Sl is a promising catalyst for efficient n-butane dehydrogenation to butenes.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Selected Metal Oxides Over Ni Supported on SiO2+ZrO2 Catalysts Towards Dry Reforming of Methane","authors":"Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh,&nbsp;Naga Suresh Enjamuri,&nbsp;Abdulelah S. Alshehri,&nbsp;Mathkar Alharthi,&nbsp;Ghzzai Almutairi,&nbsp;Tahani Saad Algarni,&nbsp;Salwa B. Alreshaidan,&nbsp;Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed Ali,&nbsp;Rawesh Kumar,&nbsp;Abdulkareem Qasem,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05477-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05477-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work systematically investigated the promotional effects of La₂O₃, CeO₂, and WO₃ on 5 wt.% Ni supported over SiO₂+ZrO₂ mixed oxide (10SiZr) catalysts for the dry reforming of methane (DRM) reaction. The synthesized catalysts of physicochemical properties were comprehensively characterized using several techniques to elucidate structure–activity relationships. The addition of promoters is found to enhance covalency in oxygen of M-O-M′ bonding in metal oxide matrix, to improve the reducibility and to enhance the basicity of moderate and strong strength. The ceria promoter reduces the crystallinity of catalyst to a minimum inducing high dispersion of the metal oxide’s matrix of support and oxidizing coke effectively over a long time on stream. The 5Ni+1Ce–10SiZr catalyst achieved 75% CH₄ conversion and 81% CO₂ conversion with an H₂/CO ratio of 0.86, maintaining stable catalytic activity over 20 h time-on-stream. As expected for the endothermic DRM reaction, conversions increased with reaction temperature. The Ce-promoted catalyst had minimum 48.82 kJ/mol apparent activation energy for CH₄ conversion, indicating favourable reaction kinetics. The less availability of active sites over highly crystalline 5Ni+1La-10SiZr catalyst turns into least catalytic activity among rest catalysts. The WO₃-promoted catalyst exhibited high crystallinity, deposit of thermally stable carbonates and lower activity than the Ce-promoted catalyst. 1 wt.% ceria promotion effectively optimizes the structural and surface properties of the 5 wt.%Ni–10SiZr catalyst, enhancing DRM activity and stability through improved metal dispersion, balanced basicity, and strengthened metal–support interactions.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Hydrogenation of Cyclohexyl Acetate by Cu0–Cu+ Dual Sites on the Bundled CuZnOx/CeO2 Catalysts","authors":"Zeyun Sun,&nbsp;Jiapan Wang,&nbsp;Weijia Pu,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Yahui Xiao,&nbsp;Yanfeng Pu,&nbsp;Junwei Zhao,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05479-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05479-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The hydrogenation of esters to corresponding alcohols is a crucial yet challenging process in sustainable chemistry, demanding efficient and stable non-noble metal catalysts. In this study, a CuZnO_x/CeO₂ metal-oxide catalyst was synthesized via a metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived route for the hydrogenation of cyclohexyl acetate. The catalyst, featuring highly dispersed Cu species and low Cu loading (11.4wt%), was obtained by calcining a Ce-MOF precursor incorporated with Cu and Zn. By modulating the reduction temperature, the mixed valence state Cu⁰ and Cu⁺ active species were observed to coexist on the catalyst surface. After systematic investigation of structure-activity relationship in catalytic hydrogenation, and the optimized CuZnO_x/CeO₂-400-350 catalyst reached 99.9% conversion of cyclohexyl acetate, with selectivity of 98.2% to cyclohexanol under mild conditions (240 °C, 3 MPa H₂, 11.4 wt% Cu loading in actual, 4 h). Moreover, it exhibited outstanding recyclability, maintaining over 99.0% conversion and above 97.0% cyclohexanol selectivity after five cycles. XRD and XPS analyses revealed no significant changes in the crystal structure or Cu⁰/Cu⁺ species after reaction, confirming excellent resistance to sintering and remarkable structural stability. This work affords a feasible way for designing high-performance catalysts for ester hydrogenation, demonstrating significant potential for industrial application.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Situ Reduction of Aloe Vera-Assisted Co3O4 Catalysts Via Hydrothermal Approach During NaBH4 Hydrolysis: Calcination-Induced Structural Effects on Hydrogen Production","authors":"Simon W. Samouel,&nbsp;Tarek T. Ali,&nbsp;Bahaa M. Abu-Zied,&nbsp;Hatem A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05471-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05471-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A diversity of green-synthesized Co₃O₄ NPs was prepared using aloe vera as a fuel source via a hydrothermal approach. Aloe vera extract was utilized as a bio-reducing agent to facilitate the synthesis of Co₃O₄ NPs. The influence of calcination temperature on the catalysts’ crystallinity, morphology, and catalytic activity was investigated. All catalysts displayed similar crystallite structures and functional groups, although higher annealing temperatures resulted in increased crystallinity, as confirmed by XRD and FT-IR analyses. Elemental analysis via EDX and XPS revealed the catalysts’ composition. During NaBH₄ hydrolysis, the performance improved gradually with higher annealing temperatures. The catalysts exhibit two different behaviors of reaction progress: a linear increase in the plot of H₂ volume over time in AHT300 and a curved trend in AHT600 and AHT900. The magnetic properties observed in AHT600 and AHT900 during the reaction indicated in-situ reduction of Co₃O₄ NPs to Co_xB. The optimal calcination temperature is 600 °C, with AHT600 offering higher catalytic efficiency (6502 ml.g^− 1.min^− 1 at 45 °C), and cyclic stability for NaBH₄ hydrolysis.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Methanolysis of Polyethylene Terephthalate to Dimethyl Terephthalate Over Titanate Nanostructured Materials","authors":"Lin Wei,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zhang,&nbsp;Kashif Hussain,&nbsp;He Wang,&nbsp;Wen Dai","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05475-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05475-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The efficient chemical recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) remains a key challenge for sustainable polymer management. Herein, we report a series of tunable titanate nanostructured catalysts prepared via NaOH-controlled hydrothermal synthesis of TiO₂, which enables systematic tuning of catalyst morphology and surface area. Among them, the optimized TN-10 catalyst exhibits an interconnected nanotubular architecture with a high specific surface area (~ 184 m² g^-1). TN-10 efficiently catalyzes PET methanolysis under moderate reaction conditions, delivering 84% PET conversion with a dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) yield of 94%, and performs well for both virgin and post-consumer PET. The catalyst is also effective for the depolymerization of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), affording DMT in 91% yield. Furthermore, TN-10 shows good compatibility with a range of alcohols in the presence of K₂CO₃, enabling selective alcoholysis to the corresponding diesters. TN-10 retains activity over five cycles and performs reliably in gram-scale reactions. This study provides insights into structure-activity relationships in titanate catalysts for efficient polyester depolymerization.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transition State Shape Selectivity in Predicting Zeolite Cocatalytic Activity: A Case Study of the Rearrangement of N-(1-methylbuten-2-yl)aniline","authors":"Denis Fakhretdinov,&nbsp;Rezeda Valitova,&nbsp;Elvira Latypova,&nbsp;Rifkat Talipov","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05470-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05470-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examines the aza-Claisen rearrangement of N- (1-methylbut-2-en-1-yl) aniline catalyzed by zeolites (types A and X). Using quantum chemical calculations (ORCA5.0.4/M062X (def2-TZVP)), two possible rearrangement mechanisms (concerted and stepwise) were studied. The smallest barrier to regrouping was the agreed mechanism. Quantum chemical modeling (Materials Studio 8.0, MOPAC/PM6-D3H4) of the adsorption of transition states with a number of zeolites of different pore diameters showed an extreme dependence on the stabilization of the formation of “frozen” transition states with a maximum at 5 Å. Kinetic experiments confirmed these predictions. CaA zeolite (5 Å) provides the highest reaction rate and selectively favors the ortho product. Notably, this reduced the experimental activation energy from 80.4 kJ/mol (no zeolite) to 43.9 kJ/mol. The strong correlation between the calculated stabilization energies and the measured rate constants demonstrates that pore size-dependent adsorptive stabilization of TS is a key determinant of both the cocatalyst activity and selectivity of zeolite cocatalysts in this rearrangement.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Comparative Catalytic Performance of Tin and Nickel Based Heteropolyacid Salts","authors":"Poonam Rani,&nbsp;Nadeem Sharma,&nbsp;Harish Kumar Sharma,&nbsp;Suchi Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10562-026-05476-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10562-026-05476-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fundamental and special qualities of heteropolyacid salts (Polyoxometalate) make them suitable for the design of solid heterogeneous catalysts at atomic and molecular levels. Here in the current study, two cerium-based heteropolyacid (HPA) salts, incorporated with nickel/tin salts of lacunary Keggin-type heteropoly acids, have been synthesized by the precipitation method and used as a catalyst in the alkylation reaction. These two salts Cerium (III) tintungstophosphate (CeSnWP) and Cerium (III) nickeltungstophosphate (CeNiWP) are characterized by various instrumental techniques for their elemental, morphological, spectral, and stability properties by using FTIR, UV, SEM, XRD, EDS, BET, and TGA techniques. All these analyses confirm the various characteristics of semi-crystalline HPA salts with appreciable surface area (CeNiWP salt-220.058 and, in the case of CeSnWP 154.002 m²/g) capable of supporting a reaction as a catalyst. Additionally, the pore volume of CeNiWP was calculated to be 0.063 cc/g, and CeSnWP had a pore volume of 0.331 cc/g. These salts, along with some previously synthesized salts, were utilized in the alkylation of toluene with benzyl chloride to evaluate and compare their catalytic efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":508,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis Letters","volume":"156 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}