Advances in Engineering Software最新文献

{"title":"Cervical spine injuries during car collisions with three types of roadside barriers","authors":"Dawid Bruski ,&nbsp;Lukasz Pachocki ,&nbsp;Jovan Trajkovski ,&nbsp;Howie Fang ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Wilde","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional methods for assessing vehicle passenger safety in crash tests involving roadside barriers rely on safety indices derived from vehicle kinematic responses. However, this approach may not accurately capture the complex biomechanical stresses exerted on the human body during a collision, raising concerns about the validity and reliability of these indices in accurately evaluating passenger safety. This study investigates the effects of three different types of roadside barriers on vehicle passenger safety using three approaches: (1) assessing compliance with the EN1317 standard based on vehicle kinematics; (2) utilizing the Finite Element (FE) Human Body Model (HBM) dummy and Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 208 criteria; and (3) conducting detailed examinations of cervical spine biomechanics. FE simulations, incorporating a biofidelic FE-HBM, are used to evaluate vehicle passenger safety under TB32 impact conditions as specified by the EN1317 standard. The findings reveal that while all barriers effectively contain and redirect the vehicle, the concrete barrier poses the highest risk of occupant injuries, with the highest safety indices and stress levels in the cervical spine, exceeding safe thresholds due to its high lateral stiffness. In contrast, the cable barrier provides the most favorable conditions for vehicle passengers, exhibiting the lowest stress levels and ensuring superior safety performance. The W-beam barrier demonstrates intermediate performance. The analysis also highlights the significance of the tension–flexion loading condition in passenger neck injuries. This condition accounts for 70% of the neck loading intensity for the concrete barrier and 90% for the cable and W-beam barriers, lasting the longest among all neck loading modes. While current safety standards indicate a low risk of occupant injury, detailed FE analysis and cervical spine stress values suggest potential neck injuries, especially with the concrete barrier. These findings emphasize the need to revise current safety standards to include more comprehensive biomechanical evaluations, potentially leading to enhanced road barrier designs and improved road safety standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103887"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topology optimization method of strut-and-tie composite structure under uncertain load conditions","authors":"Jinhu Cai,&nbsp;Huibing Ding,&nbsp;Long Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many materials in practical engineering exhibit completely different mechanical properties under tension and compression, such as reinforced concrete materials and fiber-reinforced polymers, etc. However, the existing structural design methods usually assume that the mechanical responses of material structures under tensile and compressive loads are the same (i.e. Symmetrical tension and compression characteristics). Considering that the loads are deterministic, the obtained design results may not meet the service requirements and could potentially cause catastrophic damage. This paper proposes a topology optimization method for the strut-and-tie composite structure model under uncertain load conditions. First, a composite structural model is constructed using three-phase materials with different tensile and compressive properties. Then, the design domain is discretized using the hybrid stress element, and a criterion for determining the state of the element in tension and compression is developed. Furthermore, the bivariate dimension reduction method and Gaussian integration method are employed to quantify and propagate load uncertainty. Moreover, an additional method for determining the state of the element in tension and compression under multiple load conditions is developed. Finally, the sensitivity of the objective function concerning the design variables is derived for both single and multiple load cases. Several examples are used to verify the effectiveness of this method, and the influence of optimization parameters such as different load uncertainty levels and the ratio of the elastic moduli of the tensile material and the compressive material on the design results is studied in detail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103886"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A moving Kriging meshfree vibration analysis of functionally graded porous magneto-electro-elastic plates reinforced with graphene platelets","authors":"P.T. Hung ,&nbsp;Chien H. Thai ,&nbsp;P. Phung-Van","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces a moving Kriging (MK) meshfree approach for studying the free vibration analysis of functionally graded porous magneto-electro-elastic plates with graphene platelet reinforcement (FGP-MEE-GPL). Functionally graded porous (FGP) plates are valued for their customizable material properties, while graphene platelets (GPLs) improve their mechanical performance. The pores are distributed in three patterns: uniform, symmetric I, and symmetric II. Similarly, GPLs are also arranged in three distribution patterns across the plate thickness. The structural characteristics of open-cell metal foam are used to establish the correlation between Young's modulus and mass density, providing a more accurate representation of the material's properties. The governing equations for the FGP-MEE-GPL plate are derived using the principle of virtual work and the higher-order shear deformation theory. The MK meshfree method is suggested for approximating the displacement, electric, and magnetic fields. The MK meshfree method offers an efficient solution for analyzing the vibration of the FGP-MEE-GPL plate, seamlessly addressing complex geometries and multi-field coupling without the necessity of mesh generation. The proposed model is validated by comparing its results with the reference's solutions. Parametric studies explore the influence of the porous coefficient, porous and GPLs distributions, initial external load magnetic and electric loads, and geometry on the FGP-MEE-GPL plate's vibrational frequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103885"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-entry computation of analytical hierarchical (binary) tree structures","authors":"Z. Qiu ,&nbsp;F. Magoulès ,&nbsp;D. Peláez","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we present an algorithm that turns our analytical tree data-structures into accurate and efficient interpolation tools. First, our scheme provides an effortless and accurate approximation to the hierarchical Tucker decomposition (HTD) of a high-dimensional dense target tensor. We achieve this through low-dimensional polynomial fit of the (leaves) factor matrices. These reference factors can be obtained from the HTD of a much coarser tensor with the same number of modes and same domain of definition as the targeted one. Second, we provide a pass rule for the sample index, via the so-called chain-of-operators form, which avoids the calculation of the entire Tucker frame tree during the regression. We show that this single-entry based computational scheme leads to the embarrassingly parallel computation of the targeted tensor. To illustrate these results, we compare and discuss our results, in terms of CPU cost and storage, to the most commonly used tensor decomposition schemes and their associated algorithms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An enhanced ivy algorithm fusing multiple strategies for global optimization problems","authors":"Chunqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenzhou Lin ,&nbsp;Gang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2024.103862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2024.103862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasingly sophisticated science and technology are always accompanied by the emergence of optimization problems of higher complexity. To provide a new and higher performance optimization technique, this paper proposes a novel enhanced ivy algorithm (AFDIVYA, for short) that mixes multiple strategies. In AFDIVYA, two strategies are specifically designed for IVY (the adaptive perturbation factor and the adaptive growth rate). The adaptive perturbation factor enhances the ability of the population to explore locally. And the adaptive growth rate contributes to the balance between the exploration and exploitation ability. In addition, the fish population device strategy and the differential evolution strategy are introduced for the first time. The two strategies effectively enhance the diversity of population and expand the search space. To verify whether the fusion of the four strategies enhances the accuracy of IVYA in solving problems, this paper sets up multiple sets of experiments. First, for relatively high dimensional problems, AFDIVYA is compared with several excellent meta-heuristic algorithms on 30, 50, and 100 dimensions of CEC2020. AFDIVYA performs the best with an average ranking of 2.2, 2.1, and 1.6, respectively. For low-dimensional problems, the same comparison algorithms are tested on CEC2022. AFDIVYA also has the smallest average ranking of 2.4. What's more, Wilcoxon rank sum test proves the validity of the AFDIVYA proposal. And then this paper selects several complex engineering applications of different dimensions to test the ability of AFDIVYA to cope with real complex problems with constraints. The results demonstrate the excellent precision and accuracy on these complex problems. Finally, a more challenging and more relevant shape optimization problem is applied. AFDIVYA is tested and unsurprisingly has an excellent performance. In conclusion, AFDIVYA is very competitive among many existing metaheuristics. And this paper provides an advanced technique for solving more challenging real-world problems in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143303311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-field coupled data-driven surrogate approach for multiphysical damage diagnostic of energy harvesting composite plates","authors":"Ngoc-Tram Bui ,&nbsp;Khuong-Duy Ly ,&nbsp;D. Dinh-Cong ,&nbsp;T. Nguyen-Thoi","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Damage diagnosis in multiferroic composites is essential for energy harvesting systems, where cracking and property degradation significantly impact coupled frequency response and efficiency. This study proposes a multi-field coupled surrogate model for multiphysical damage diagnostics of multiferroic composite plates to address these challenges. These composites exhibit intricate magnetic, electric, and elastic interactions, making damage detection both complex and essential. Unlike traditional finite element updating methods, which are computationally intensive and iterative, the proposed 1DC-BiGRU model offers a more efficient and scalable data-driven alternative. This model integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract critical spatial features and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Units (BiGRUs) to capture complex feature relationships. This architecture excels in processing frequency and mode shape data, enabling robust identification of multiphysical damage patterns. Convolutional layers efficiently reduce data dimensionality while identifying interactions between features. BiGRUs handle relationships between features in a bidirectional manner, mitigating issues like vanishing gradients seen in traditional neural networks. Trained on simulated data generated from Chebyshev finite element analysis and multi-scale plate theory, the model accurately diagnoses damage locations and severities under various scenarios, including both noise-free and noisy conditions. By providing an efficient and robust framework for multiphysical damage detection, this study significantly advances structural health monitoring for multiferroic composite structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 103871"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermediately discretized extended α-level-optimization – An advanced fuzzy analysis approach","authors":"Bertram Richter,&nbsp;F. Niklas Schietzold,&nbsp;Wolfgang Graf,&nbsp;Michael Kaliske","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Appropriate uncertainty models are required for realistic representations of quantities in real world engineering tasks. Uncertainty quantification is applied to estimate the uncertainty of system responses, with respect to uncertain input quantities. In contrast to aleatoric uncertainty, which is based on natural variability, epistemic uncertainty is caused by lack of knowledge, incertitudes or inaccuracy. In this contribution, epistemic uncertainties are modeled by fuzzy quantities and corresponding uncertainty quantification approaches are investigated. The propagation of fuzzy quantities is based on the extension principle. For numerical analyses, a discretization of the extension principle is required, which can be reformulated as an optimization problem. Two different approaches are state-of-the-art for formulating the optimization problem of the extension principle, which are referred to as <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-level optimization and sampling-based approach (SBA). A comparison of these two approaches is presented, highlighting their advantages and deficits with respect to efficiency and accuracy of the fuzzy analyses. Based on the advantages of both <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-level optimization and SBA, a novel approach, the intermediately discretized extended <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-level optimization (IDEALO), is developed. In IDEALO, advantages of <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-level optimization and SBA are combined to a hybrid approach. The superiority of IDEALO over the other two approaches is demonstrated in benchmark examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 103865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HMSimNet: A hexahedral mesh simplification network model for preserving analysis accuracy","authors":"Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Songyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Junhe Yu ,&nbsp;Hongfei Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structure of a hexahedral mesh can be simplified after the mesh has been generated to meet specific requirements, enhancing the analysis precision and efficiency while conserving the storage space. However, the existing methods for mesh simplification do not conduct the physical analysis, so simplified meshes cannot meet the accuracy requirement. To address this shortcoming, this paper presents a network model named HMSimNet for simplifying hexahedral meshes, which can reduce the number of mesh cells while maintaining analysis accuracy. First, the sheets and columns are described using four types of features: geometric, topological, quality, and physical features. Then, a dataset is constructed and used to train the HMSimNet model to learn the relationship between the features and the analysis accuracy. Finally, the probabilities of deleting the sheets and columns are determined by the HMSimNet model, and the sheets and columns with a minor impact on the analysis accuracy are removed iteratively. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the input hexahedral meshes, the presented method can significantly reduce the number of hexahedra by approximately 30% while having only a slight impact on the maximum relative error of the analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 103874"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approximate analytical/numerical solutions for the seismic response of rigid walls retaining a transversely isotropic poroelastic soil","authors":"Qingyuan Gong ,&nbsp;Edmond V. Muho ,&nbsp;Niki D. Beskou ,&nbsp;Ying Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three approximate analytical solutions for the problem of the seismic response of two rigid cantilever walls retaining a transversely isotropic poroelastic soil layer over bedrock are presented under conditions of plane strain and time harmonic ground motion. These approximate solutions come as a result of various reasonable simplifications concerning various response quantities of the problem, which reduce the complexity of the governing equations of motion. The method of solution in all the cases is the same with that used for obtaining the exact solution of the problem, i.e., expansion of response quantities in the frequency domain in terms of sine and cosine Fourier series along the horizontal direction and solution of the resulting system of ordinary differential equations with respect to the vertical coordinate in conjunction with the boundary conditions. The first approximate solution is obtained on the assumption of neglecting all the terms of the equations of motion associated with the fluid acceleration. The second approximate solution is obtained on the assumption that the fluid displacements are equal to the corresponding solid displacements. The third approximate solution is obtained as the sum of the second approximate solution for the whole domain plus a correction inside a boundary layer at the free soil. All three approximate solutions are compared with respect to their accuracy against the exact solution and useful conclusions pertaining the approximate range of the various parameters, like porosity, permeability and anisotropy indices, for minimization of the approximation error are drawn.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 103876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An application of machine learning for geometric optimization of a dual-throat bent nozzle","authors":"Homin Kim,&nbsp;Dong-Hun Han,&nbsp;Tae Hee Lee,&nbsp;Jung-Wuk Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advengsoft.2025.103869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimal thrust shape for a dual-throat bent nozzle (DTBN), designed as a hybrid thrust vectoring nozzle, is derived through machine learning. A compressible, steady-state numerical analysis using the <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></math></span> SST model is employed for model construction. The main geometric parameters that determine the shape of the DTBN are selected as the convergence angle <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, divergence angle <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, and cavity length <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. By varying these parameters, DTBN models with a total of 600 different geometries are generated, and the axial and normal forces at the nozzle exit are observed to derive the thrust magnitude and thrust vectoring angle. A model that can accurately predict the correlation between input and output parameters is built by comparing various machine learning algorithms. The model using the random forest regression algorithm shows the best performance. Based on this developed machine learning model, optimized shapes of the DTBN are presented. The optimally designed DTBNs are expected to contribute to the development of a new system with more convenient thrust control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50866,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Engineering Software","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 103869"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}