Advances in Space Research最新文献

{"title":"Lower hybrid and solitary waves in dusk flank region of the Earth’s magnetosphere","authors":"Neetasha Arya, Amar Kakad","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.065","url":null,"abstract":"A variety of plasma waves have been detected in the vicinity of the magnetopause by various spacecraft missions. In this paper, utilizing high-resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, we present new observations of simultaneous lower hybrid and ion solitary waves in the dusk flank region of Earth’s magnetosphere. All four MMS spacecraft consistently observed this wave activity during their traversal from Earth’s magnetosphere to the magnetosheath. Our analysis suggests that the lower hybrid drift waves, driven by lower-hybrid drift instability, were observed in correlation with density gradients. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the entire ion bulk population drifts, which drives ion solitary waves. It is found that these waves play a crucial role in particle heating in the dusk flank region of Earth’s magnetosphere.","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized multi-point hemispherical grid model with adaptive grid division based on the prior information of multipath error","authors":"Xuan Zou ,&nbsp;Yawei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Wu ,&nbsp;Weiming Tang ,&nbsp;Chen Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Li ,&nbsp;Chenlong Deng ,&nbsp;Yangyang Li ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The multi-point hemispherical grid model (MHGM) utilizes residual of double-differenced observations to extract precise multipath error information. It models the entire network of multipath error effects across different stations to achieve effective error correction. However, because all the parameters are estimated collectively using the least squares method, the increased number of grid point parameters can significantly consume memory, CPU, and other computing resources required for modeling. In response to the computational resource consumption challenge associated with fixed-resolution MHGM in multi-station applications, a space domain adaptive grid division method is proposed to optimize the modeling of multipath errors. This approach utilizes prior distribution information of multipath errors to optimize the grid structure. It reduces the number of grids in areas where multipath errors exhibit minimal changes, and provides detailed parameterization for areas with significant variations. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in significantly reducing the number of estimated parameters using MHGM. In statistical analysis of double-differenced phase observation residuals with fixed ambiguities, as the number of estimated parameters in the MHGM decreases to only 24.6 % of the fixed-resolution approach, memory usage during parameter estimation remains a mere 6 % of that required in the fixed-resolution approach. This highlights its potential value in mitigating multipath errors when modeling GNSS large-scale network data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 5591-5603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-domain few-shot semantic segmentation for the astronaut work environment","authors":"Qingwei Sun ,&nbsp;Jiangang Chao ,&nbsp;Wanhong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of few-shot semantic segmentation (FSS) for the astronaut work environment (AWE) is of significant importance as it enables the segmentation of unknown categories. However, general FSS methods are predicated on the assumption that the training and testing data belong to the same domain. When this assumption is invalid, the model’s performance is significantly degraded. We propose a more general approach, whereby the model is trained on a generic dataset and tested on a dedicated AWE dataset. This challenging task is referred to as cross-domain few-shot semantic segmentation (CD-FSS). A novel model, namely FTDCNet, is proposed, which comprises a domain-agnostic feature transformation module and a domain-constrained transformer. The FTDCNet model demonstrates superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) model, with an accuracy improvement of 11.83% and 11.42% under 1-shot and 5-shot settings, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 5934-5949"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of selected ionospheric mapping functions using SF-PPP on different solar activities","authors":"Jun Chen, Liangke Huang, Si Xiong, Pituan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.066","url":null,"abstract":"In single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP), the ionospheric delays provided by global ionosphere maps (GIMs) are in the vertical direction. Therefore, an ionospheric mapping function is applied to convert the vertical direction to the slant one. However, the performance of mapping functions (MF) applied in SF-PPP under different solar activities is unknown. Meanwhile, understanding their performance can help us better improve the accuracy of the ionospheric mapping function. For this purpose, three traditional ionospheric mapping functions, such as the standard single-layer model mapping function (SLM MF), the modified single-layer model mapping function (MSLM MF), and the Klobuchar MF, are evaluated. Additionally, the mapping function named SGG MF, which considers the effect of ionospheric gradients, is also assessed. The positioning results indicate that the SGG MF has an improvement of (50.3 %, 37.3 %), (31.7 %, 23.4 %), and (16.8 %, 13.3 %) compared with Klobuchar MF, SLM MF, and MSLM MF during the year (2014, 2021), respectively. The mean positioning errors of SLM MF, MSLM MF, and SGG MF are about (0.20 m, 0.05 m), (0.25 m, 0.10 m), and (0.30 m, 0.10 m) smaller than that of Klobuchar MF over high-/mid- latitude during the year (2014, 2021), while the values are (0.25 m, 0.20 m), (0.40 m, 0.35 m), and (0.55 m, 0.50 m) over low-latitude region. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between positioning results and solar activities are (0.114, 0.354), (0.058, 0.324), (0.098, 0.295), and (0.235, 0.271) for Klobucahr MF, SLM MF, MSLM MF, and SGG MF during the corresponding year.","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A machine learning approach for estimating the drift velocities of equatorial plasma bubbles based on All-Sky Imager and GNSS observations","authors":"Lynne Githio ,&nbsp;Huixin Liu ,&nbsp;Ayman A. Arafa ,&nbsp;Ayman Mahrous","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) are zones characterized by fluctuations in plasma densities which form in the low-latitude ionosphere primarily during the post-sunset. They subject radio signals to amplitude and phase variabilities, affecting the functioning of technological systems that utilize the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals for navigation. Thus, understanding EPB occurrence patterns and morphological features is vital for mitigating their effects. In this work, we employed two GNSS receivers and an All-Sky Imager (ASI) to conduct simultaneous observations on the morphology of EPBs over Brazil. The main objectives of the study were (1) to develop a Random Forest (RF) machine-learning model to estimate and predict the zonal drift velocities of EPBs, and (2) to compare the model predictions with actual EPB drifts inferred from the two instruments, as well as zonal neutral wind speeds obtained from the Horizontal Wind Model (HWM-14). In the model development, we utilized reliable EPB drift measurements made during geomagnetically quiet days between 2013 and 2017 in Brazil. The model predicted the velocities based on parameters including the day of the year, universal time, critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2), solar and interplanetary indices. The correlation coefficients of 0.98 and 0.96 and RMSE values of 10.61 m/s and 10.06 m/s were obtained upon training and validation correspondingly. We evaluated the accuracy of the model in predicting EPB drifts on two geomagnetically quiet nights where an average correlation coefficient of 0.89 and an RMSE of 15.74 m/s were obtained. The predicted drifts, the zonal neutral wind velocities, and the GNSS and ASI velocity measurements were put into context for validation purposes. Overall, the velocities were comparable and ranged between ∼100 m/s and ∼30 m/s from the hours of 00 UT to 05 UT. The results confirmed the accuracy and applicability of the model, revealing the ionosphere-thermosphere coupling influence on the nocturnal propagation of EPBs under the full activation of the F region dynamo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 6047-6064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distributed control of spacecraft formation under J2 perturbation in the port-Hamiltonian framework","authors":"Wenkang Hao,&nbsp;Qifeng Chen,&nbsp;Caisheng Wei,&nbsp;Yuxin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To control the relative position and relative velocity of spacecraft formation, a time-varying nonlinear relative motion model under <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> perturbation in an elliptical orbit is established in the port-Hamiltonian (PH) framework, and a distributed control law for spacecraft formation is developed using the consensus algorithm for parameter estimation and the passivity-based control (PBC) method based on the state-error interconnection and damping assignment (IDA) technique. First, the influence of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> perturbation on the potential energy and orbit parameters in the model is considered when the relative motion model is built in the PH frame, and the expression of the relative motion acceleration under <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> perturbation is given. Second, to solve the problem that the state of the chief spacecraft cannot be directly obtained from the deputy spacecraft under distributed communication, a consensus-based parameter estimation method is introduced, the estimated parameter of the chief spacecraft is applied to the relative motion model in the PH frame, and a state error model with the estimated parameters derived from the consistency algorithm is established. Then, after the stability analysis is conducted on the desired PH system containing the estimated parameter values, the desired Hamiltonian energy function with the estimated parameters is designed according to the time-varying errors of the relative equilibrium states of the deputy spacecraft and the errors between deputy spacecraft, and the distributed control law of spacecraft formation is derived based on the state-error IDA-PBC method. Finally, the expected relative motion trajectory designed based on the TH equation is used to simulate a spacecraft formation under <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> perturbation, and the results indicate that the spacecraft can quickly converge to the expected formation under the influence of the control law.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 5767-5778"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bayesian framework for in-flight calibration and discrepancy reduction of spacecraft operational simulation models","authors":"Federico Antonello,&nbsp;Daniele Segneri,&nbsp;James Eggleston","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modeling and Simulation (M&amp;S) tools have become indispensable for the comprehensive design, operations, and maintenance of products in the space industry. An example is the European Space Agency (ESA), which relies heavily on M&amp;S throughout the entire lifecycle of a spacecraft. However, their use in operational settings poses significant challenges, mainly attributable to (<em>i</em>) the harsh, uncontrollable, and often unforeseen environmental conditions; (<em>ii</em>) the dramatic changes in operating conditions throughout a spacecraft’s lifespan, often beyond the intended designed-for lifetime; and (<em>iii</em>) the presence of epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty. This results in unavoidable discrepancies between the numerical simulations and real measurements, limiting their use for delicate operational tasks. To address those challenges, we present a Bayesian framework for simultaneous calibration of M&amp;S tools, reduction of the model discrepancy, and quantification of the process and model uncertainties. The approach leverages the Kennedy and O’Hagan (KOH) calibration, tailored for a multi-objective problem. Its effectiveness is shown by its application to flying Earth observation spacecraft data and the operational simulation models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 5923-5933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISWAT spacecraft surface charging review","authors":"Joseph I. Minow, Vania K. Jordanova, David Pitchford, Natalia Y. Ganushkina, Yihua Zheng, Gian Luca Delzanno, Insoo Jun, Wousik Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.058","url":null,"abstract":"The natural space environment exerts many harmful (called “space weather”) effects on spacecraft in orbit around the Earth as well as probes to other planets. The main hazards among these are surface charging, internal charging, single event effects, and total dose. Specifically, the ∼ keV electron population can have substantial impacts on spacecraft by causing spacecraft surface charging and electrostatic discharges (ESD). This hazard continues to be of great relevance today due to the continual evolution of the human use of space in terms of the number of satellites launched, the technologies they use and the design / manufacturing / test techniques used to build them. In the past, the majority of operating spacecraft were in Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO), nowadays the Low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite population dominates and the number of Non-Geostationary Satellite Orbit (NGSO) constellations increases; these new constellations are likely to increase the technical risks associated with harmful space weather conditions. This paper summarizes the state of art for surface charging including background of the phenomenon, data sources for characterizing charging on spacecraft, modeling of the space weather environment, surface charging modeling tools, and charging indices and metrics. Future directions and both near- and long-term recommendations are also provided.","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Very local impact on the spectrum of cosmic-ray nuclei below 100 TeV","authors":"M.A. Malkov ,&nbsp;I.V. Moskalenko ,&nbsp;P.H. Diamond ,&nbsp;M. Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent measurements of primary and secondary CR spectra, their arrival directions, and our improved knowledge of the magnetic field geometry around the heliosphere allow us to set a bound on the distance beyond which a puzzling 10-TeV “bump” and certain related spectral features <em>cannot</em> originate. The sharpness of the spectral breaks associated with the bump, the abrupt change of the CR intensity across the local magnetic equator (<span><math><mrow><mn>90</mn><mi>°</mi></mrow></math></span> pitch angle), and the similarity between the primary and secondary CR spectral patterns point to a local reacceleration of the bump particles out of the background CRs. We argue that, owing to a steep preexisting CR spectrum, a nearby shock may generate such a bump by boosting particle rigidity by a mere factor of <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span>1.5 in the range below 50 TV. Reaccelerated particles below <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span>0.5 TV are convected with the interstellar medium flow and do not reach the Sun. The particles above this rigidity then form the bump. This single universal process is responsible for the observed spectral features of all CR nuclei, primary and secondary, in the rigidity range below 100 TV. We propose that one viable candidate is the system of shocks associated with <span><math><mrow><mi>∊</mi></mrow></math></span> Eridani star at 3.2 pc of the Sun, which is well aligned with the direction of the local magnetic field. Other shocks, such as old supernova shells, may produce a similar effect. We provide a simple formula that reproduces <em>the spectra of all CR species with only three parameters uniquely derived from the CR proton data.</em> We show how our formalism predicts helium, boron, carbon, oxygen, and iron spectra, for which accurate data in GV-TV range exist. Our model thus unifies all the CR spectral features observed below 50 TV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 9","pages":"Pages 4264-4275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulations of the region of possible sprite inception in the mesosphere above winter thunderstorms under wind shear","authors":"Carynelisa Haspel ,&nbsp;Yoav Yair","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.08.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transient luminous events (TLEs) is the collective name given to mesospheric electrical breakdown phenomena occurring in conjunction with strong lightning discharges in tropospheric thunderstorms. They include elves, sprites, halos, and jets, and are characterized by short lived optical emissions, mostly of red (665 nm) and blue (337 nm) wavelengths. Sprites are caused by the brief quasi-electrostatic field induced in the mesosphere, mostly after the removal of the upper positive charge of the thundercloud by a +CG, and they have been recorded above most of the lightning activity centers on Earth. In wintertime, there are just a few areas where lightning occurs, and of those, sprites have been observed over the Sea of Japan, the British Channel, and the Mediterranean Sea. Unlike their summer counterparts, winter thunderstorms tend to have weaker updrafts and as a result, reduced vertical dimensions and compact charge structures, whose positive and negative centers are located at lower altitudes. These storms are often susceptible to significant wind shear and as a result may exhibit a tilted dipole charge structure and a lateral offset of the upper positive charge relative to the main negative charge. We present results of numerical simulations using a three-dimensional explicit formulation of the mesospheric quasi-electrostatic electrical field following a lightning discharge from a typical mid-latitude winter thunderstorm exhibiting tilt due to wind shear and evaluate the regions of possible sprite inception. Our results show, as numerous observations suggest, that sprites can be shifted a large distance from the location of the parent +CG in the direction of the shear and will occur over a larger region compared with non-sheared storms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"74 11","pages":"Pages 5548-5568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}