Advances in Space Research最新文献

{"title":"Error analysis and outlier detection in subsidence monitoring based on Persistent Scatterer Interferometry","authors":"Shahram Jazaeri,&nbsp;Maryam Dehghani","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) has been widely used to monitor ground deformation. However, the inability to completely remove various error types makes PSI results unreliable. This study aims to evaluate PSI results for monitoring groundwater-induced subsidence. A rigorous, step-wise methodology is proposed within a Least Squares framework to carefully analyze errors and identify outlying PSs that are inconsistent with other data points, utilizing a predefined deformation model. The temporal deformation model is selected to best characterize the geophysical properties of the subsidence. The unreliable measurements in both temporal and spatial domains are filtered out through Baarda’s data snooping procedure of the ordinary Least Squares theory. The initial step of the refinement is separately applied to both ascending and descending datasets, filtering out a portion of the outlying measurements. A further step is the evaluation of the quality of PSI measurements when integrating the refined ascending and descending PSs. The refined Line-Of-Sight measurements obtained from the previous step are employed to extract the horizontal and vertical components of the deformation and their corresponding variances. The next refinement along the horizontal and vertical directions is again conducted at a certain level of confidence. The effectiveness of the proposed method was first evaluated using simulated datasets, achieving a 93% success rate in detecting outliers. It was then applied to real datasets, including PSI results from 80 ascending and 71 descending images spanning three years and covering the Marvdasht Plain, Iran. At each step of the method, a portion of points was identified as outliers or statistically insignificant points. Although the performance of the proposed methodology depends on the pre-assumed deformation model, the consistency between the model parameters and the hydrogeological properties of the aquifer validates the model used for evaluating the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 143-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pointer network for reward maximisation in multi-target space mission sequence selection","authors":"Edward Tomanek-Volynets,&nbsp;Matteo Ceriotti","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-target space mission scenarios such as asteroid rendezvous, debris removal or satellite servicing, require targeting several orbits in a single mission, often to be selected among a large set, and therefore choosing optimal sequences of these orbits to be visited. This paper demonstrates a reinforcement-learning-based framework for selecting the sequence of targets to be visited in large-scale multi-target mission optimisation problems. The sequence selection is a NP-hard combinatorial optimisation problem. The proposed method builds upon a neural network architecture for combinatorial optimisation originally developed for Euclidean problems, to produce estimates of the optimal sequence of targets in very short amounts of time. The neural network is trained using a policy-gradient reinforcement-learning approach. Once training is complete, the network can be evaluated in two ways: one of these (greedy decoding) produces solutions on average 15<!--> <!-->% less optimal than Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO); the other (stochastic search) is on average 5<!--> <!-->% less optimal than ACO, using an iterative process that is slower than greedy decoding but still orders of magnitude faster than ACO. The quality of the network’s solutions is shown both averaged over large amounts of problems, and demonstrated more closely on a few specific instances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 12","pages":"Pages 8687-8706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A medium and long-term intelligent orbit prediction method for LEO satellites based on segmented pseudo-drag coefficients","authors":"Hao Xu,&nbsp;Yufei Luo,&nbsp;Hongsheng Hu,&nbsp;Jiahao Liao,&nbsp;Yunhe Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In traditional orbit prediction (OP) tasks, the precision achieved for low earth orbit (LEO) satellites rapidly decreases over time because of the uncertainty of the space perturbation model and the satellite parameters. A machine learning method is proposed to improve the precision of medium and long-term OP. First, the concept of pseudo-drag coefficient is proposed, and the long-sequence OP task is transformed into a short-sequence pseudo-drag coefficient prediction problem. Second, historical segmented pseudo-drag coefficient datasets are established by the golden section method, and a convolutional neural network with a squeeze-and-excitation block and long short-term memory (CNN-SE-LSTM) is proposed to train and predict this coefficient. Furthermore, the predicted pseudo-drag coefficient can be combined with the dynamic OP model to achieve high-precision medium and long-term intelligent OP. Finally, practical measurement datasets are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the results show that the method can significantly improve the OP precision of LEO satellites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 519-532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cost miniaturized GNSS antenna for landslide monitoring and application in Baige landslide (western China)","authors":"Dongxu Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Du ,&nbsp;Qin Zhang ,&nbsp;Guanwen Huang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengwei Bai ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology has been widely used in landslide monitoring. However, under the influence of restrictions such as price, weight and volume, geodetic GNSS receivers and antennas are difficult to be widely used. As an alternative, the low-cost miniaturized GNSS antennas and low-cost GNSS receivers have the advantages of low cost, light weight and small size. Low-cost GNSS receivers have been proved to achieve millimeter-level accuracy in short baselines, but there is a lack of systematic discussion on the ability of miniaturized antennas for landslide monitoring. Therefore, the aim of this research is to test the actual performance of low-cost miniaturized GNSS antennas and select a miniaturized antenna with the best performance. By comparing their differences in three aspects: data quality, positioning accuracy and deformation monitoring capability, the ability of miniaturized antennas for landslide monitoring is analyzed. The results show that miniaturized GNSS antennas have lower C/N0 and higher multipath compared to survey antennas. This also leads to the miniaturized antenna having lower monitoring accuracy. However, based on the displacement monitoring results, the current monitoring accuracy of miniaturized antennas is deemed sufficient for landslide monitoring. After that, the optimal miniaturized antenna selected by the research was applied to the Baige landslide in Tibet (western China). After half a year of field monitoring, the miniaturized antenna has been verified to have a good monitoring effect in landslide monitoring. At one of the monitoring sites of the Baige landslide, a displacement of about 3 cm in the horizontal direction and 6 cm in the vertical direction was detected. In summary, miniaturized GNSS antennas have great potential in landslide monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 128-142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of various techniques to achieve velocity unobtainable with two stage light gas gun","authors":"Gaurav Suman,&nbsp;Vikas Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Pal Dinesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present paper provides a review of some notable modifications to the two stage light gas gun (2SLGG), that aim to achieve velocity unobtainable with the same. Any modification to the 2SLGG, which results in a significant increase in muzzle velocity can be termed as a three stage light gas gun (3SLGG). The various improvements made to existing facilities to enhance the projectile velocity are categorized according to mechanism used i.e. ‘Addition of pump tube in line’, ‘Addition of pump tube in parallel’, ‘Preheating of working gas’ and ‘Graded density impactor with flyer plate’. The techniques and methods employed in these modifications are explained in detail, along with a detailed comparison of parameters such as launch tube diameter, percentage increase in velocity after the addition of a third stage, methods of measuring velocity, type of propellant, details of projectiles, etc. In terms of percentage increase in velocity after the addition of a third stage, ‘Graded density impactor with flyer plate’ technique has the highest velocity gain (172 %) followed by the ‘Addition of pump tube in line’ technique. It is observed that although the ‘Addition of pump tube in line’ technique is the most commonly employed method to facilitate an increase in velocity, it has moderate velocity gain (35 %). This paper provides valuable insights for managers and decision makers in research laboratories and institutions of defense and space applications, about how to smoothly move from two stage gun to three stage light gas gun.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 469-480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homotopic approach to the feedback solution of the orbit pursuit-evasion game","authors":"Zhongtao Zhang,&nbsp;Yakun Zhang,&nbsp;Jinyan Xue,&nbsp;Xueshuang Shi,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Yasheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The manuscript presents a solution to the spacecraft orbit pursuit-evasion game problem using a homotopic approach. It reduces the sensitivity of the 12-dimensional initial costate and overcomes the influence of the opposing spacecraft’s state measurement uncertainties on the final game result. During the first step of the homotopic process, we construct and solve the auxiliary problem known as the minimum-time interception problem. In this problem, the pursuer has the same maneuverability as in the original problem, while the evader obeys aerodynamics without control. We then gradually increase the evader’s thrust amplitude and solve each sub-OPEG problem until the evader has full maneuverability, resulting in the optimal open-loop control. By applying a feedback control law synthesized by pre-computed extremals, the pursuer can achieve approximate interception at the end of the game despite the evader’s uncertain state. Numerical simulations indicate that the homotopic result is consistent with solutions obtained by other heuristic and hybrid algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed homotopic-based near-optimal feedback control law is capable of overcoming the influence of orbit determination errors and guiding participants to complete the game. Monte-Carlo simulations to the nine surrogate model configurations shows that the surrogate strategy with a Gauss correlation model and 1-degree regression function performed the best.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 455-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning total electron content models based on F10.7","authors":"Boris G. Salimov ,&nbsp;Yury V. Yasyukevich ,&nbsp;Artem M. Vesnin ,&nbsp;Aleksei E. Bykov ,&nbsp;Baocheng Zhang ,&nbsp;D. Venkata Ratnam","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) is a crucial parameter to calculate the ionospheric corrections for global navigation satellite systems and other systems that utilize the ionospheric high frequency radio band. To date, a number of empirical models have been developed to estimate both current TEC and forecasted TEC. However, with the exception of operational models, for which input parameters are broadcast, users do not typically have access to such parameters for other models. We present a methodology that enables the generation of the global TEC maps with a minimal set of input parameters (and their histories) for different forecast horizons, obviating the need to evaluate input parameters for the forecast date. The methodology employs the F10.7 index as the primary control parameter for the models, with additional features based on date and time. Various machine learning models were constructed, including gradient boosting, neural networks with recurrent LSTM cells, fully connected neural networks, and linear regression models for forecast horizons of 1, 3, 7, 30, 60, and 180 days. The main idea of the research was to change the generally used approach when you have to forecast drivers for a model before ionosphere forecasting. Our difference is to use previous indexes for TEC forecast. So to forecast TEC maps, there is no need to have the F10.7 index value for a forecast date. The created machine learning models demonstrate high quality. For example a 1-day forecast TEC model based on fully connected neural network / neural network with LSTM cells / gradient boosting / linear regression exhibited a root mean square error (RMSE) of 6.61 / 6.80 / 7.05 / 10.55 TECU, mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.51 / 4.70 / 5.03 / 7.87 TECU, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 20.87 % / 21.99 % / 25.57 % / 46.93 %, respectively. GEMTEC, IRI-2016 and Klobuchar models (used as a reference) demonstrated a RMSE of 10.52 TECU, 11.08 TECU and 15 TECU, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 317-330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using total Kalman filter to extract time-varying signals in PWV time series","authors":"Dantong Zhu ,&nbsp;Kefei Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Suqin Wu ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Hu ,&nbsp;Peipei He ,&nbsp;Weibo Yin ,&nbsp;Yafei Wang ,&nbsp;Junguo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been considerable research in the literature focused on the extraction and analysis of trends and periodic signals in historical precipitable water vapor (PWV) time series. The conventional approach uses an ordinary least-square estimator (OLS) to resolve a time-constant harmonic model with constant trend, amplitude, and phase. However, due to various climatic factors, PWV signals may contain time-varying fluctuations, which should also be contained in signals. In this paper, we propose a novel time-varying harmonic model accounting for fluctuations in both trend and periodic signals. For this, the novel model is expressed in a state-space form and resolved by the Total Kalman Filter (TKF), along with an estimation of the noise parameters. This approach is referred to as the TKF-based approach. The performance of the novel TKF-based approach is demonstrated using homogeneous PWV time series from 2000 to 2018 over 91 GNSS stations and compared with a time-varying model resolved by Kalman smoother (KS) and the time-constant model resolved by OLS. Results show that the newly proposed TKF-based approach can effectively identify time-varying signals, yielding Gaussian-like modeling residuals. Furthermore, the mean standard deviations of the residuals are 4.27 and 3.92 mm for OLS-based and KS-based approaches. In contrast, the value of the new approach is 3.04 mm, indicating a 29 % and 22 % reduction relative to the aforementioned approaches. Finally, for climatical interpretations, an analysis of the correlation between El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and time-varying signals over TOW2 suggests ENSO as one contributor to time-varying signals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 61-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of solar activity on the ionosphere in the southern hemisphere’s MSNA region","authors":"Di Meng ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Kaixin Wang ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiandi Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionospheric empirical models have worse accuracy in describing the Mid-latitude Summer Night Anomaly (MSNA). MSNA variations are mainly affected by solar activity. The study uses GPS TEC data, CODE TEC data, and solar activity index data, applying time series and correlation analyses, to study the effects of different solar activities on the ionosphere in the southern hemisphere MSNA region. Results show that: (1) the MSNA phenomenon in the Southern Hemisphere usually occurs in January–February and November–December, and mainly occurs in the region of (60°S–70°S, 80°W–120°W), and the degree of longitudinal changes in its range is more prominent than that of latitudinal changes during the occurrence of MSNA. (2) The TEC usually reaches its maximum before midnight in years with low solar activity, and the number of days on which the TEC reaches its maximum before midnight is more than the number of days on which it reaches its maximum after midnight. (3) The MSNA index shows a low degree of linear correlation with the solar activity F10.7 index, with a correlation coefficient of only –0.20.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 343-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-frame hybrid integration method combined with differential evolution for maneuvering target detection with GNSS-based passive radar","authors":"Zhenyu He ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Wu Chen ,&nbsp;Ning Cao ,&nbsp;Yajuan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.04.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current target detection methods tailored for global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based passive radar are primarily put forward for non-maneuvering targets and utilize a second-order polynomial model to correct motion migrations of the target return during the long integration time. However, the detection performances of these current approaches diminish when applied to maneuvering targets, as they fail to address the high-order motion migrations. This study concentrates on maneuvering target detection issue. First, we evaluate the applicability of a third-order polynomial model (TPM) for approximating the bistatic range history of the maneuvering target. Then, we analyze which high-order motion migration corrections are necessary in terms of the TPM and the range and Doppler resolutions of GNSS-based passive radar. Based on this analysis, we propose a multi-frame hybrid integration method to detect maneuvering target. The realization of the proposed method is formulated as a constrained optimization problem in the bistatic parameter searching space, for which differential evolution is employed to improve processing efficiency. Both simulated and real experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. Monte Carlo trials demonstrate that the proposed method needs a signal-to-noise ratio threshold at least 2 dB lower than the existing methods to achieve the same detection probability of 0.9.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"Pages 110-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}