Advances in Space Research最新文献

{"title":"Global patterns of equatorial plasma bubbles from ICON data","authors":"Gilda González","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) are ionospheric depletions that can disrupt satellite communication and navigation systems. This study examines the longitudinal, seasonal, and geomagnetic variability of EPBs using the full ion density dataset from NASA’s Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission. A dual-parameter detection method, combining the <span><math><mrow><mi>σ</mi></mrow></math></span> index (<span><math><mrow><mi>σ</mi><mo>⩾</mo><mn>0.5</mn></mrow></math></span>) and a relative ion density depletion condition (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>), was applied to identify EPBs from 2020 to 2022. The analysis focused on pre-midnight (18:00–23:00 SLT) observations within <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> magnetic latitude, with post-midnight (00:00–05:00 SLT) data included to compare responses under disturbed conditions. Pre-midnight EPBs were especially frequent over South America and the Atlantic sector, where occurrence rates peaked. However, high EPB activity was also observed in other regions, particularly the Indian, Southeast Asian, and East Asian sectors, during equinoxes, consistent with established climatology and the role of solar terminator alignment with the geomagnetic field. EPB occurrence rates were highest in 2022 and lowest in 2020, reflecting increasing solar activity during the ascending phase of Solar Cycle 25. Seasonally, occurrence was highest during the equinoxes, although a December solstice maximum was observed over South America. Under geomagnetically disturbed conditions, pre-midnight EPB rates declined modestly, particularly over South America, though not significantly at the global scale. In contrast, post-midnight EPBs showed a statistically significant increase during disturbed periods. These findings illustrate clear regional and local time dependencies in EPB responses to geomagnetic variability during the early years of the ascending phase of Solar Cycle 25.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2265-2279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the altitude dependence of meteor head echo plasma distributions with EISCAT and MAARSY","authors":"Devin Huyghebaert ,&nbsp;Juha Vierinen ,&nbsp;Johan Kero ,&nbsp;Ingrid Mann ,&nbsp;Ralph Latteck ,&nbsp;Daniel Kastinen ,&nbsp;Sara Våden ,&nbsp;Jorge L. Chau","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A radar campaign with High Power Large Aperture (HPLA) radars in northern Norway was performed for the Geminids 2022 meteor shower to make measurements of meteor head echoes. The MAARSY (53.5 MHz), EISCAT VHF (224 MHz), and EISCAT UHF (930 MHz) radars were all operated in a zenith pointing direction. The field-of-views for the EISCAT VHF and EISCAT UHF radars were approximately coincident. A novel meteor head echo processing algorithm was implemented for the EISCAT Manda experiment mode, providing details on the meteor head echo range, Doppler shift, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The occurrence rate of meteor head echo detections for the three different systems were determined as a function of altitude. To investigate the differences in the meteor head echo detection rates, simultaneously detected meteors from the EISCAT VHF and EISCAT UHF were further examined. An altitude dependence of SNR difference between the EISCAT systems was identified and attributed to changes in the atmospheric mean free path. This data was used to determine a plasma density decay rate as a function of r^{−<em>χ</em>}, where r is the distance from the center of the meteoroid. <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow></math></span> was found to have a value of between 2 to 4 (1/r² to 1/r⁴). The meteor head echo detection rate differences between MAARSY, EISCAT VHF, and EISCAT UHF systems can be explained using this plasma density decay rate when the relative radar sensitivities and Rayleigh scattering effects are considered. The results have important implications for the determination of the initial mass of incoming meteoroids and the associated mass-loss rates during ablation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2280-2294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space plasma precipitation and repelling processes by field-aligned electrostatic potential in auroral arc and hole in the terrestrial polar regions","authors":"Masafumi Hirahara ,&nbsp;Yusuke Ebihara ,&nbsp;Takeshi Sakanoi","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric fields along local magnetic field line are one of effective mechanisms for accelerating space plasmas, as represented by the cases of neutron stars and planetary auroras. In the terrestrial polar regions, anti-earthward electrostatic fields along geomagnetic field lines can accelerate electrons in space plasmas into the Earth’s upper atmosphere, generating bright and dynamic auroras characterized by arcs, curtains, curls, etc. One of the acceleration mechanisms producing “inverted V”-shaped features in energy-time/latitude distributions of precipitating auroral electrons, as observed in low-altitude space missions, is due to anti-earthward parallel electrostatic fields. The field-aligned electrostatic potentials, ranging from tens of volts to tens of kilo volts, are a consequence of the dynamo process generated in the dynamically changing magnetosphere. Our satellite instruments observed clear ion flux depletion in the energy range corresponding to localized field-aligned electrostatic potential above the satellite, which was coincidental with the electron precipitation forming the inverted-Vs. With advanced instruments onboard a microsatellite in low-altitude polar orbit, we detected recurring ion precipitation signatures accelerated by earthward parallel electrostatic fields, coinciding with electron flux depletion in the energy range smaller than the electrostatic potential. These precipitating ion signatures were observed in aurora-void regions, which we call “auroral holes” here, a conception newly defined after “coronal hole” of the Sun. These signatures provide persuasive double clues for the earthward electrostatic fields that accelerate ions toward the Earth and prevent electrons from penetrating the upper atmosphere although results in the past satellite missions might show the similar signatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2249-2264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term space occupancy and conjunction filter","authors":"Ana S. Rivero ,&nbsp;Claudio Bombardelli ,&nbsp;Rafael Vazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conjunction analysis (CA) for resident space objects (RSOs) is essential for preventing collisions in an increasingly crowded orbital environment and preserving the operational integrity of satellites. A first and fundamental step in the CA process is to estimate the range of altitudes that each object can occupy throughout an operational screening time of, typically, a few days. In this paper, a method is proposed to analytically evaluate such range of altitudes in a zonal problem model and for a time horizon of generic duration thereby generalizing the concept of space occupancy (SO) introduced in a recent work. The proposed method is exploited to construct a new conjunction filter that considerably improves the classical apogee-perigee filter routinely employed in CA. The effectiveness of the new filter is assessed in a low-Earth orbit (LEO) scenario using a high-fidelity perturbation model across a broad spectrum of orbits and conjunction geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2354-2372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and validation of space deployable membrane structures using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation","authors":"Zhuoran Huang,&nbsp;Haoming Li,&nbsp;Zhiming Deng,&nbsp;Cheng Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Foldable membrane structures, with light weight and foldability, suit the trend of large-scale, lightweight spacecraft and are used in components like antennas and sunshades. This study models crease dynamics to analyze space deployable membrane structure deployment. A deployment model uses crease elements, including pre - configured ANCF shell elements, constraint and contact models, and a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) parameter - identification method. Experiments and simulations validate the model and analyze the structure. Tensile tests at high and low temperatures identify membrane and crease dynamic parameters. Single - crease deployment experiments and simulations verify the model’s configuration accuracy. Simulations show the necessity of the inter - layer contact model. Multi - crease deployment experiments and simulations confirm the model’s mechanical property correctness. Comparing high and low temperature simulations reveals low - temperature impacts on deployment. This paper presents an engineering feasible crease modeling method for space membrane structure design and optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2104-2122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel robust unscented Kalman filter for spacecraft attitude estimation","authors":"Shuai Chu ,&nbsp;Jingjie Gao ,&nbsp;Dan Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problems of packet dropping and non-Gaussian noise in spacecraft attitude estimation systems due to the influence of complex external environments are challenging topics. To solve this problem, a novel robust unscented Kalman filter (NRUKF) is proposed in this paper. First, an augmented model associated with the packet-dropping variable is constructed by designing the coefficient matrix. Then, a robust filter with a recursive process is designed based on the minimum error entropy criterion with fiducial points (MEE-FP). The prior estimates are given using the propagation equation, and the posterior estimates are given using the fixed-point iteration algorithm. Finally, the experimental results show that the proposed NRUKF has excellent performance when the spacecraft attitude estimation system suffers from packet dropping and non-Gaussian noise.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2197-2206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coupling effect of attitude motion, structural vibration and relative motion on the stability performance of attitude control of space solar power station","authors":"Xiangfei Ji ,&nbsp;Guanheng Fan ,&nbsp;Yiqun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Jianhui Shi ,&nbsp;Dengbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruquan Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Space solar power station obtains solar energy in space, and transmits the energy to the ground for users to use through photoelectric conversion technology and microwave wireless energy transmission. It has three characteristics of super-large structure size, super-large structure flexibility, and a wide range of relative motion between subsystems, which makes the coupling effect between the attitude motion, structural vibration and relative motion of the space solar power station, affecting the stability effect of the attitude control system. By fully considering the characteristics of concentrator as the carrier of energy collection and conversion, the coupling dynamics model of space solar power station is constructed, the coupling terms in the coupling dynamics model is studied, and the key structural and kinematic parameters of the subsystems that affect the coupling degree are extracted. In addition, the state space model considering the coupling effect is derived, an attitude control system is proposed, which effectiveness is verified by simulation. The influence of key parameters on the stability of the system is analyzed in detail. The simulation results show that after the attitude control system is stabilized, the coupling effect makes the attitude deviation angle still change periodically. The main parameters affecting the coupling effect are the relative angular velocity of the subsystem, the rotation radius, the mass of the subsystem and the natural frequency, which have different degrees of influence on the change period and the change amplitude respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2232-2248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based modeling and prediction of GNSS time series: A comparative analysis of adaptive optimization algorithms","authors":"Mehmet Emin Tabar ,&nbsp;Yasemin Sisman","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, optimization algorithms with adaptive learning rates on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) time series data are comparatively investigated. For this purpose, five years of GNSS measurement data obtained from the AGRD station located in the Ağrı province of Türkiye were used and incorrect or missing records were detected for a total of 251 days in the dataset. After the missing data were completed using the linear interpolation method, a total of ten different deep learning methods and four different adaptive optimization algorithms (Adam, Adagrad, RMSprop and AdamW) were used to develop separate prediction models and performance evaluations were performed. When the performance of the best combination, the Adam optimized-GRU model, was evaluated based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values, it was found to be 1.58 mm, 1.36 mm and 3.07 mm for the north, east and up components, respectively. When evaluated according to the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) value, it was found to be 1.20 mm, 1.05 mm, 2.33 mm, respectively. As a result of the comprehensive analyses, it has been revealed that Adam and AdamW algorithms are more effective than the others among the adaptive optimization algorithms examined and the deep learning models optimized with these algorithms exhibit superior prediction performance on GNSS time series data. It is thought that the results obtained from this study will be an important reference on adaptive learning optimization algorithms for future studies in the field of GNSS time series and deep learning and will guide the research on the subject.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2086-2103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-satellite mission allocation and scheduling method for large-scale problem","authors":"Zhouxiao Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;MingZhi Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.05.067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of multiple agile earth observation satellites (multi-AEOSs) in handling large-scale observation missions has garnered widespread attention. This paper presents the potential game-based allocation method (PGAM) for the large-scale problem of multi-AEOSs constellation. First, the mission planning process is divided into two phases, including mission allocation for the whole constellation and mission scheduling for individual EOSs. A heuristic collaborative mechanism is designed to balance the maximization of observation targets and minimization of waiting time, based on AEOS entry sequence into the area of interest (AoI). The multi-AEOS mission allocation problem is then transformed into a generalized ordinal potential game (GOPG). Consequently, the Nash equilibrium (NE) is rigorously proved to be obtainable. Finally, the local strategy search algorithm (LSSA) is introduced for scheduling individual AEOSs in order to rapidly converging to the NE, in which two strategies combining global and local search are developed. The simulation results demonstrate that the PGAM-LSSA outperforms the competing algorithms in various instances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2123-2139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relativistic electron scattering by high-frequency EMIC waves: Test-particle results using self-consistently generated wave fields","authors":"Kyungguk Min","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theory and simulations predict that the resonant energy of radiation belt electrons interacting with electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves is typically <span><math><mrow><mi>≳</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> MeV, while experimental results suggest that EMIC waves should also be responsible for sub-MeV electron precipitation. The recent report of narrowband (<span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>≲</mi><mn>0.1</mn><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cp</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>), high-frequency (<span><math><mrow><mn>0.9</mn><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cp</mi></mrow></msub><mi>≲</mi><mi>f</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cp</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>) EMIC waves—HFEMIC waves for short—suggests the possibility of sub-MeV electron scattering by these waves owing to their large wave frequency (<span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>cp</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> denoting the proton cyclotron frequency). To investigate this more quantitatively, we trace test electrons in the HFEMIC wave fields self-consistently generated from a hybrid simulation, and examine the advective and diffusive behaviors of the resultant interactions. Even though HFEMIC waves primarily occur in low density regions outside the plasmapause, the present results show that the wavenumber is large enough to reduce the resonant energy down to as low as several 100s keV. The resulting pitch angle scattering is primarily diffusive for the typical amplitude of HFEMIC waves, but the nonlinear effects also emerge when interacting with the largest-amplitude waves found in the magnetosphere. While the quasilinear theory correctly predicts the overall level of the pitch angle diffusion coefficient, the bounding energy is sensitively dependent on the dispersion relation used (and thus on the warm plasma effect). We expect that low-altitude measurements of energetic electron precipitation can distinguish its characteristic scattering signature, despite the low occurrence nature of HFEMIC waves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"76 4","pages":"Pages 2532-2546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}