Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology最新文献

{"title":"Barsova Gora I/23 Settlement of the Beloyarskaya Culture: Technology and Morphology of Ceramics","authors":"D. V. Selin, Y. Chemyakin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-74-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-74-85","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. At the beginning of the second quarter of the 1st millennium B.C. in the Surgut Ob region, the beloyarskaya culture was formed based on the preceding cultures of the Late Bronze Age – the barsovskaya and atlymskaya cultures, and as a result of their interaction. The technical and technological analysis of Beloyarskaya culture ceramics from the Barsova Gora I/23 settlement, including a fragment of a wall with an anthropomorphic image on it, was carried out.Results. The vessels were created using tin clay of low-sanded clay. The product with an anthropomorphic image is made of another clay selected from the river or floodplain. One recipe is defined for pottery of the beloyarskaya culture – Clay + Chamot + Organic solution. The product with an anthropomorphic image is made according to a different recipe – Clay + Broken stone. The anthropomorphic image on the vessel outer surface was made using a tool with a sharpened edge. It is determined that the anthropomorphic image was made on wet clay, after which the vessel was fired. This confirms the simultaneous creation of the vessel and its decoration with an anthropomorphic image. The stratigraphic and planning data allows us to synchronize the complex of ceramics of the beloyarskaya culture and the vessel with an anthropomorphic image on it, as all the analyzed ceramics was found inside one dwelling 1.Conclusion. The vessel with an anthropomorphic image differs from other ceramics from the Barsova Gora I/23 settlement in its appearance and technology. This indicates that this vessel was made according to the pottery tradition uncharacteristic for the settlement of Barsova Gora I/23. Perhaps this vessel got there in the course of interaction with another population group of the beloyarskaya culture.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Turkic Burial in the Northern Altai: Cultural and Chronological Interpretation","authors":"N. Seregin, A. Tishkin, S. Matrenin, T. Parshikova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-86-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-86-97","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. One of the problems in the archeology of Altai of the Great Migration period remains the chronology of funerary sites. The article concerns the materials of one of representative burials of the Choburak-I necropolis in the Northern Altai, demonstrating the wide possibilities of research in this direction.Methods and Results. A man of 25–30 years old was buried in the grave of barrow № 38. The key features of the object are a small mound with a crepe, the western orientation of the deceased person, as well as the burial of a horse «at the feet» of the man. The accompanying inventory included numerous weapons, tools, equipment for a man and a horse. The analysis of the finds testifies to the period of the construction of mound № 38 not earlier than the middle of the 4th century AD. The results of radiocarbon dating were obtained, which supplement this information and indicate the upper chronological boundary no later than the beginning of the 5th century AD.Conclusion. The correlation of the available data makes it possible to determine the chronology of mound no. 38 with-in the middle – second half of the 4th century AD. The recorded characteristics of the funeral rite indicate that this object belongs to the Dialyan tradition of ritual practice of the Bulan-Koby culture. The set of items found with the de-ceased man testifies to his high status in the nomadic society during his lifetime.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of the Aboveground Part of the Tyn Walls of the Fortifications in the Russian State in Siberia and the Far East in Late 16th – Early 17th Century","authors":"S. Gorokhov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-111-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-111-121","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of the research, the results of which are presented in this article, was to reconstruct the structure of the above-ground part of the tyn walls, to clarify the variability of individual parameters and their relationship with the geographical location of the fortification, its military-administrative status, and other characteristics.Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that modern ideas of the design of the aboveground part of the tyn wall correspond to those of more than 150 years ago. Our research made it possible to correct the current situation and form a generalized idea of the characteristics of the aboveground part of the tyn walls in Siberia and the Far East. In particular, it was found that 1) the tyn construction on and in the rampart was untypical for the Trans-Urals; 2) there was a certain standard for the height of the ostrog walls; 3) the tyn height was its main characteristic, which determined the defense capability of the entire object; 4) the tyn height was determined by the military-administrative status of the fortification and/or the military-political situation at the time of its construction; 5) the tyn thickness was not essential for defense capability, therefore, in particular, walls of half-logs were erected; 6) the tyn thickness in large military-administrative centers was greater than in ordinary ostrogs; 7) there were conditions under which it was advisable to erect a tyn wall of half-logs; 8) weapon ports were made in one tyn and had a vertically elongated shape; 9) there were tyn walls made of logs placed with gaps between them (sparse tyn); 10) the sparse tyn was used on those sections of the walls that did not have a platform, were non-rectilinear, and/or did not have towers.Conclusions. The study established that in late 16th – early 17th centuries there were tyn walls of various designs. The wall structure depended on a large number of anthropogenic, social, and natural factors.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"About the Settlement of the City of Ufa-II: To the 70th Anniversary of Scientific Research","authors":"A. S. Protsenko, F. Safuanov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-98-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-98-110","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The settlement of Ufa-II is a reference monument of the early Middle Ages of the Southern Urals. The work introduces the latest materials from the site into academic discourse.Results. The obtained materials complement the picture of the development of the immediate surroundings of the Ufa-II settlement. The thickness of the cultural layer in the study area was more than 1 m, which suggests that the site had been in operation for quite a long time. Data on the archaeozoological collection and the results of a morphological and chemical-analytical study of the soil cover are presented. The osteological material is highly fragmented, it bears traces of cuts and appears to be kitchen remains. The species composition is represented by 4 domestic animal species. The cultural layer in its chemical composition is characterized by an increased content of gross phosphorus, and the content of humus, total nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium corresponds to background natural soils. The total thickness of the cultural layer of the monument in this profile is an average of 110 cm. The overlying layers were formed at a later time.Conclusion. The studies made it possible to establish the presence and thickness of the cultural layer. The obtained materials indicate that in the early Middle Ages, the area around the citadel of the settlement was actively developed by the tribes of the Bakhmutin and Turbaslin archaeological culture in the period of the 5th – 7th / 8th centuries.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleolithic Nguom Culture of Northern Vietnam","authors":"A. Kandyba, Khac Su Nguyen, A. Chekha, Gia Doi Nguyen","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-62-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-62-73","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. In North Vietnam, the Nguomian culture has been distinguished, which is characterized by the predominance of flake tools in the techno-typological complex. This industry dates back to the second half of the Upper Pleistocene, preceding the previously identified Sonvian and Hoabinhian. The purpose of this study is to determine the technical and typological characteristics of one of the key monuments of the Nguom industry – the Nguom Rockshelter. For this purpose, a technical and typological analysis of the collection of stone products obtained as a result of excavations in 1981–1982 was carried out.Results. In 2023, 4 589 artifacts of the Nguom Rockshelter were processed, of which 2 437 items were medium and small flakes and 1 284 fragments. The primary splitting of archaeological material is dominated by parallel cores (35 specimens), there are variants of unsystematic (12 specimens) and radial (8 specimens) cores, many core-like fragments (121 specimens). The tool set is represented by a large number of side-scrapers made of flakes and pebbles (22 specimens), retouched flakes with ventral undercut (43 specimens), choppers (25 specimens), adze-shaped objects (6 specimens), and fragmented axes (9 specimens), notched tools (5 copies). There are 25 punctures, 9 checks. Notched tools were mentioned earlier, but a group of artifacts (9 specimens) made of medium flakes should be separately distinguished. The number of single side scrapers is 10 pieces. Of interest is the category of rectangular scrapers with retouching on ¾ of the perimeter, numbering six objects. A series of oval scrapers (10 specimens) is close in shape. End and double scrapers have 52 items. The stone industry of the Nguom Rockshelter can be defined as a flake industry with medium and small tools.Conclusion. In the Late Paleolithic in southern China and Vietnam, both pebble and flake industries coexisted. As in Vietnam, flake complexes are sporadic in South China. These sites are characterized by a large number of tools made of small and medium flakes, simple parallel splitting without preliminary preparation, and the predominance of scrapers in the tool set. The manifestation of the Nguom culture can presumably be considered as a result of the mixing of the alien population in the territory of Southern China and Northern Vietnam with the local original culture in the late Pleistocene.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"History of the Study of Images on Stones from the Tagar Culture Mounds","authors":"O. O. Shishkinа","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-34-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-34-46","url":null,"abstract":"The author identified the stages of studying the images on the plates form the Tagar burial mounds in the Minusinsk basin. 1. 18th – mid 19th century: accumulation of the first knowledge about petroglyphs during academic expeditions (D. G. Messerschmidt, G. F. Miller, etc.). 2. 1860s–1950s: study of the Tagar mounds and documentation of images on their constructions (D. A. Klements, I. R. Aspelin, A. V. Adrianov, S. V. Kiselev, etc.). 3. 1960s–1980s: episodic mentions during rescue archaeological excavations (M. P. Gryaznov, M. N. Pshenitsyna, N. A. Bokovenko) and purposeful research (T. V. Nikolayeva, D. G. Savinov). 4. 1990s–2020s: complex analysis of petroglyphs on the stones from the Tagar mounds (E. A. Miklashevich, A. N. Mukhareva, O. S. Sovetova, etc.). Currently, a set of approaches to identifying and documenting petroglyphs on the stones from the Tagar mounds has been developed.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tacheometric Survey and 3D-Model Building of Fortification Objects in the South of Western Siberia","authors":"A. Borodovsky, R. Davydov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-9-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-9-21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The most objective planigraphy of the earthen fortifications is one of the initial conditions for the reliability of the description of these objects and the subsequent analysis of their defensive capabilities. One of the most common devices for the instrumental surveys in modern archaeological research is a total station. The purpose of the tacheometric survey was to build 3D-models of the earthern fortifications of various types (cape settlements – Chultukov Log-9, ostrogs and redoubts (Umrevinsky, Salt Turn). The work at these objects included two stages – an instrumental survey of the monument and subsequent processing of the survey results with the 3D-models buildings and objects indication.Results. The tacheometric survey was carried out in various landscape zones (the Altai mountains, the northern forest-steppe of the Upper Ob, the steppe zone of the Middle Irtysh) within the river valleys of the Katun, Ob and Irtysh. The wide chronological framework of the sites (the Chultukov Log-9 settlement, the Umrevinsky ostrog, the Salt Turn redoubt) corresponds to the period from the beginning of the 1st millennium AD up to the first quarter of the 18th century and provide an opportunity for the most objective assessment of the tacheometric survey results.Conclusions. The result of the work was the building of the 3D-models of various earthen fortification objects (hillforts, ostrogs, redoubts). Both previously untraceable defensive structures (ditch), and the characteristics of the fenced areas of these structures, previously recorded in written sources, have been identified.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Corraded Assemblage of the «Classic» Malta (Based on the Analysis of the Kunstkamera Collections)","authors":"A. M. Kuznetsov, D. N. Molchanov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-47-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-47-61","url":null,"abstract":"The research revision of materials from the 1932 and 1934 collections of the world-famous geoarchaeological site Malta, stored in the Kunstkamera (St. Petersburg), was carried out in the spring of 2023. The purpose of the analysis was to identify lithic artifacts with marks of Aeolian corrasion as part of the study of the corraded industries of the Angara-Belsk geoarchaeological district of South Angara. As a results, 3 663 artifacts were examined, among them 71 corraded items were identified. The results present the corraded component of Malta's lithic industry practically does not differ from the «classical» cultural layers by technical, typological and petrographic features. But unique type of the point with ventral base thinning has no analogue in «classic» assemblage. And if previously these artifacts were interpreted in a regional context as cultural markers of the Initial Upper Paleolithic, now it is proposed to consider them as an element of the Gravett (?) technocomplex in Malta and one more proof of European-Siberian cultural link in author's opinion.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140387704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Traceological Research on Drilling Solid Minerals","authors":"O. Mitko, K. S. Burashnikova, E. V. Gubenko","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-22-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-3-22-33","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. In archaeological sites of the Early Iron Age and the Hunno-Sarmatian period, there are very similar bead sets, among which carnelian products stand out. Carnelian has a high hardness coefficient and its drilling, even with modern tools, it is extremely technological and time-consuming. The important detail of the drilling process is the configuration of the cutting part of the tool, which leaves specific traces on the stone. In order to reconstruct this main operation, we conducted a series of experimental traceological studies, including the study of traces on the walls of the channels of beads from archaeological sites and on the channels of experimental samples.Results. In one series, six experiments were conducted using six drills made of copper rod. As a result of the research drills with rounded cylindrical and tubular shapes left similar traces fixed on artifacts. It is worth noting that according to written sources, carnelian was drilled using diamond as an abrasive. Experimental work has shown that carnelian can also be processed and drilled with corundum.Conclusion. Each technological operation is associated with the practical experience and knowledge of the properties of the mineral, in particular its crystal structure. The process of making beads from such hard stones as carnelian, agate, quartz, jasper, turquoise is one of the most labor-intensive and time-consuming. The craftsmen had to know the properties of the material they were working with as well as it was necessary for the minimum set of tools, consisting of a drill, reamer, tools for grinding and, polishing and various types of abrasives. Despite the complexity of their production, stone beads were intended for trade and exchange operations belong to the mass production of ancient stone-cutting workshops. Obviously, this was due to the high consumer demand for the jewelry they made.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140388047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proper Name in the Context of Precedent Theory","authors":"E. Pozdnyakova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-2-31-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-2-31-38","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article reviews the proper name from the point of the modern theory of precedent. The usage of precedent phenomena in the creation of ergonyms can be explained by the fact that these units have a large information capacity, often there is a whole text and a corresponding set of associations behind one proper name. Any proper name could potentially have a precedent quality, however the direction of the movement can be different – from the precedent text to a proper name, or from the proper name to a text. The existance of this precedent quality in onyms can be explained by the involvement of the name in the interpretative activity of the addressee. The name acquires in the process of its “real” life stable signs and qualities, which are later assigned to it as components of its meaning.Results. Three main groups of ergonyms based on precedent phenomena were identified in the analyzed material. There are onyms based on precedent names, precedent statements and precedent texts.Conclusion. The analysis showed that the quality of precedent can be manifested in onym in various levels: international, national-cultural, socio-cultural and subjective. The international level is especially important for the functioning of proper names.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"128 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140443682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}