北阿尔泰的前突厥人墓葬:文化与年代解读

N. Seregin, A. Tishkin, S. Matrenin, T. Parshikova
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摘要

目的。大迁徙时期阿尔泰考古学的问题之一仍然是墓葬遗址的年代学。本文涉及北阿尔泰乔布拉克一世(Choburak-I)墓地的一个代表性墓葬的材料,展示了在这一方向进行研究的广泛可能性。一名 25-30 岁的男子被埋葬在第 38 号墓穴中。该文物的主要特征是一个带有褶皱的小土丘、死者的西方朝向以及埋葬在该男子 "脚下 "的一匹马。随葬品包括大量武器、工具、人和马的装备。对这些发现的分析表明,№38 号土墩的建造年代不早于公元 4 世纪中叶。放射性碳年代测定的结果补充了这一信息,并表明年代上限不晚于公元 5 世纪初。根据现有数据的相关性,可以确定第 38 号土墩的年代为公元中-下半叶。38 号土墩的年代在公元 4 世纪中后期。所记录的葬礼仪式特征表明,该物品属于布兰-科比文化的迪亚兰仪式传统。与死者一起发现的一系列物品证明了他生前在游牧社会中的崇高地位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Pre-Turkic Burial in the Northern Altai: Cultural and Chronological Interpretation
Purpose. One of the problems in the archeology of Altai of the Great Migration period remains the chronology of funerary sites. The article concerns the materials of one of representative burials of the Choburak-I necropolis in the Northern Altai, demonstrating the wide possibilities of research in this direction.Methods and Results. A man of 25–30 years old was buried in the grave of barrow № 38. The key features of the object are a small mound with a crepe, the western orientation of the deceased person, as well as the burial of a horse «at the feet» of the man. The accompanying inventory included numerous weapons, tools, equipment for a man and a horse. The analysis of the finds testifies to the period of the construction of mound № 38 not earlier than the middle of the 4th century AD. The results of radiocarbon dating were obtained, which supplement this information and indicate the upper chronological boundary no later than the beginning of the 5th century AD.Conclusion. The correlation of the available data makes it possible to determine the chronology of mound no. 38 with-in the middle – second half of the 4th century AD. The recorded characteristics of the funeral rite indicate that this object belongs to the Dialyan tradition of ritual practice of the Bulan-Koby culture. The set of items found with the de-ceased man testifies to his high status in the nomadic society during his lifetime.
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