Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series最新文献

{"title":"Review article: is there a common principle in the development of gastrointestinal cancers? Stem cells in the origin of cancer","authors":"N. A. WRIGHT","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00023.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00023.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulating evidence, outlined in this review, at last provides some elucidation of the orgin of gastrointestinal epithelial tumours.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>New techniques, such as following the process of crypt or gastric gland purification following mutation in genes encoded by the mitochondrial genome, have shown that mutations spead within the proliferative unit, either gastric gland or intestinal crypt, by clonal purification or monoclonal conversion. Spreading otside the crypt or gland then takes place by fission.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future research should focus on the mecanisim by which mutated stem cells colonize crypts, and on the mechanisms of crypt fission itself.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00023.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infliximab regulates lamina propria T lymphocytes in patients with Crohn's disease","authors":"O. WATANABE,&nbsp;T. ANDO,&nbsp;R. FURUTA,&nbsp;O. MAEDA,&nbsp;K. ISHIGURO,&nbsp;H. TAKAHASHI,&nbsp;K. INA,&nbsp; K. KUSUGAMI,&nbsp;H. GOTO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00027.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00027.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The immune system is a major determinant of the pathophysiological inflammation, which may lead to gastrointestinal mucosal injury in patients with Crohn's disease. Cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha are well-known mediators of the immune system, and treatment with a chimeric anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha antibody (infliximab) has been shown to be highly effective in patients with Crohn's disease. Recent evidence indicates that infliximab induces apoptosis in lamina propria T lymphocytes in these patients. To better understand the mechanisms of infliximab's effect on gastrointestinal inflammation, we investigated changes in the serum level of cytokines after treatment in these patients, and the effect of infliximab in inducing the apoptosis of T lymphocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen patients with Crohn's disease were treated with infliximab at a dosage of 5-mg/kg body weight. Clinical response was evaluated using the Crohn's Disease Activity Index, and serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 0 and 2 weeks after treatment. Apoptosis of peripheral and lamina propria T lymphocytes after culture with infliximab was detected by flow cytometry.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Crohn's Disease Activity Index decreased in 12 of 13 patients, and serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels decreased in most patients after treatment with infliximab. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha level before treatment in the six patients in whom Crohn's Disease Activity Index decreased by more than 70 was &lt;5 ng/mL. Infliximab induced the apoptosis of lamina propria but not of peripheral T lymphocytes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings suggest that a low level of serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha is an indicator for infliximab treatment. The induction of apoptosis of lamina propria T lymphocytes by infliximab may be an important mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect in patients with Crohn's disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00027.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of serum pepsinogen with histological atrophy following successful Helicobacter pylori eradication","authors":"T. KAWAI,&nbsp;K. KAWAKAMI,&nbsp;M. KATAOKA,&nbsp;K. TAKEI,&nbsp;S. TAIRA,&nbsp;T. ITOI,&nbsp;F. MORIYASU,&nbsp;Y. TAKAGI,&nbsp;T. AOKI,&nbsp;H. SERIZAWA,&nbsp;E. RIMBARA,&nbsp;N. NOGUCHI,&nbsp;M. SASATSU","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00022.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00022.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Levels of pepsinogen have been reported to correlate with the degree of gastric atrophy in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-infected gastric mucosa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the relationship between PG levels and histological atrophy before and after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eradication therapy was conducted on 180 <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients with upper gastrointestinal conditions. Endoscopy was performed prior to and at 2, 12 and 24 months after successful eradication therapy. Histological findings were scored using the updated Sydney System in the antrum and the corpus of the stomach. Pepsinogen was measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pepsinogen I levels dropped significantly at 2 months after the eradication. By 12 months and 24 months post-eradication they had risen again. Histological improvement was seen in atrophy at all sites at 24 months after the eradication. A significant correlation between atrophy and pepsinogen I was seen from prior to eradication. The correlation coefficient was greater at 2 months post-eradication, decreased again at 12 months and was no longer significant at 24 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that pepsinogen levels correlate with the degree of gastric mucosal atrophy prior to and soon after successful eradication therapy, but that the degree of correlation subsequently declines over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00022.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution comparison of depressed vs. non-depressed early colorectal cancers","authors":"N. SAKAMOTO,&nbsp;T. TERAI,&nbsp;T. OHKUSA,&nbsp;S. ABE,&nbsp;K. BEPPU,&nbsp;O. KOBAYASHI,&nbsp;S. HIRAI,&nbsp;A. KONNO,&nbsp;A. NAMIHISA,&nbsp;T. OGIHARA,&nbsp;H. FUJII,&nbsp;H. MIWA,&nbsp;N. SATO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00050.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00050.x","url":null,"abstract":"Summary \u0000 \u0000Background \u0000 \u0000Colorectal depressed tumours have a tendency to invade deeper mucosal layers and metastasize in the lymph nodes, despite their small size. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Aim \u0000 \u0000To investigate the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of depressed early colorectal cancers (intramucosal and submucosal adenocarcinoma) compared with non-depressed early cancers. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000 \u0000Five hundred and seventy consecutive early colorectal cancers obtained through endoscopic resection or surgical operation were studied. Early cancers were endoscopically classified as either the depressed or non-depressed type. The age and gender of the patients as well as the size and distribution of the cancers were compared between types. The tumour locations were classified into three groups: caecum to transverse colon (right colon), descending to sigmoid colon (left colon) and rectum. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000 \u0000Patients were similar with respect to age and gender. The mean size of the depressed type was smaller than that of the non-depressed type (mean 8.4 mm vs. 13.3 mm; P < 0.0001). The rate of occurrence of depressed type in the right colon was higher than that of non-depressed type (49% vs. 23%) (P = 0.0006). Among the early cancers, the incidence of the depressed type in the right colon was higher than that in the left colon and rectum (15% in the right colon, 7% in the left colon and 4% in the rectum; P < 0.01). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000 \u0000Compared with non-depressed early colorectal cancers, depressed cancers were smaller in size and more likely to be distributed in the right colon.","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"227-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00050.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78645378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: anti-tryptase therapy in inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"N. YOSHIDA,&nbsp;Y. ISOZAKI,&nbsp;T. TAKAGI,&nbsp;S. TAKENAKA,&nbsp;R. UCHIKAWA,&nbsp;N. ARIZONO,&nbsp;T. YOSHIKAWA,&nbsp;T. OKANOUE","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00053.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00053.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A number of studies have shown that activated mast cells are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and allergic diseases.</p>\u0000 <p>Tryptase is one of the serine proteases that stored almost exclusively in the secretory granules of mast cells. It acts to induce microvascular leakage, the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells, and stimulates the release of inflammatory cytokines through the mitogen-activated protein kinase /activator protein-1 pathway and protease-activated receptor (PAR) nuclear factor-<i>κ</i>B pathway.</p>\u0000 <p>Recent studies have strongly indicated that tryptase and PAR are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis.</p>\u0000 <p>The effect of anti-tryptase therapy on human inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis has been demonstrated. The result of a pilot study has revealed that systemic administration of a specific tryptase inhibitor is safe and there is evidence of activity in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Recently, we found that nafamostat mesilate, which selectively inhibits tryptase activity at low concentration, could reduce intestinal inflammation in rats. In addition, nafamostat mesilate enema improved clinical and endoscopic findings in ulcerative colitis patients, resistant to conventional therapy such as corticosteroids and sulfasalazine/5-aminosalicylic acid.</p>\u0000 <p>These studies suggest that anti-tryptase therapy may represent a new therapeutic strategy for human inflammatory bowel disease.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00053.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90452272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase I study of paclitaxel plus irinotecan combination therapy for patients with refractory and advanced gastric cancer","authors":"T. KOBAYASHI,&nbsp;T. SAKAGAMI,&nbsp;H. KOIZUKA,&nbsp;N. YAMAMOTO,&nbsp;T. SASAKI,&nbsp;Y. MAEDA,&nbsp;Y. OMURO,&nbsp;R. OKAMOTO,&nbsp;M. MIKOSHIBA,&nbsp;E. SASAKI,&nbsp;T. MATSUMOTO,&nbsp;H. MIWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00055.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00055.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No adequate second-line chemotherapy regimen for advanced gastric cancer is available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the safety and optimal dose of paclitaxel/irinotecan as a second-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced and recurrent gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixteen patients with refractory and advanced measurable gastric cancer who were resistant to 5-FU plus cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) therapy (FP) were enrolled. Paclitaxel/irinotecan was given intravenously on days 1, 8, and 15 in repeated 4-week cycles. Paclitaxel/irinotecan doses were escalated in a stepwise fashion as follows: 50/40 mg/m², 50/50 mg/m², 50/60 mg/m², 60/60 mg/m², 60/70 mg/m² in levels I, II, III, IV and V, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Because of one patient with Grade 3 febrile neutropenia at level I, three more patients were enrolled in level I. Doses were consequently escalated, and in level IV, Grade 3 febrile neutropenia occurred in one patient. Since an additional patient in level IV had grade 4 neutropenia, Level IV was judged as the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). The recommended dose and schedule for phase II study is paclitaxel 50 mg/m² and irinotecan 60 mg/m² on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks. Partial response was observed in 4 of 16 patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paclitaxel/irinotecan combination regimen at the level III dosage was safe and well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"266-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00055.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137554249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in biochemical parameters related to atherosclerosis after Helicobacter pylori eradication","authors":"T. ANDO,&nbsp;M. MINAMI,&nbsp;K. ISHIGURO,&nbsp;O. MAEDA,&nbsp;O. WATANABE,&nbsp;T. MIZUNO,&nbsp;T. FUJITA,&nbsp;H. TAKAHASHI,&nbsp;M. NOSHIRO,&nbsp;H. GOTO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00026.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00026.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent evidence suggests that <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is involved in the pathogenesis of extra-gastrointestinal diseases such as coronary heart disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine the association of <i>H. pylori</i> infection with biochemical parameters of atherosclerosis in the serum.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and fifty-nine patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive peptic ulcer (duodenal ulcer, n=89; gastric ulcer, n=70) receiving triple therapy were studied prospectively for up to 3 years for clinical parameters associated with inflammation and cardiovascular events. Blood was tested at the time of annual check-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eradication was successful in 137 patients (86%), and body weight, body mass index (BMI) and TG levels increased gradually each year. No significant hanges were seen in plasma levels of total cholesterol, interleukin-6 or interleukin-8, whereas those of HDL-C increased significantly, and those of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen and LDL-C decreased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is evidence for the possible implication of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the etiology of cardiovascular events via its exacerbation of or influence on risk factors of atherogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00026.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of activated mast cells in submucosa and muscularis propria of patients with Crohn's disease detected by a novel antimast cell surface molecule antibody","authors":"N. OSHITANI,&nbsp;N. KAMATA,&nbsp;M. INAGAWA,&nbsp;H. YAMAGAMI,&nbsp;K. WATANABE,&nbsp;Y. FUJIWARA,&nbsp;K. HIGUCHI,&nbsp;T. ARAKAWA,&nbsp;T. OKADA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00019.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00019.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Degranulated mast cells may be missed by histochemical and immunohistological techniques, making the histological assessment of activated mast cells difficult.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To use a novel mast cell surface antigen 1 (MASA-1) to detect activated mast cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Surgical samples of human intestine were obtained from 15 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 14 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 11 controls. Frozen sections were cut and MASA-1 was detected and quantified by enzyme immunohistology. Immunohistological double staining with anti-MASA-1 and either anti-CD68 or anti-c-Kit antibody was also performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The number of MASA-1-positive cells was significantly higher in the submucosal layer and muscularis propria in patients with CD than in patients with UC or controls. The number of MASA-1-positive cells was significantly higher in the muscularis propria in patients with UC in highly inflamed colon compared with controls and less inflamed colon. Human intestinal MASA-1-positive cells are not from the macrophage lineage and showed heterogeneous expression of c-Kit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The increased number of mast cells in the submucosa and muscularis propria in patients with CD suggests that the involvement of activated mast cells in transmural inflammatory responses possibly including tissue remodelling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00019.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twelve years’ progress in surgery for perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers: a retrospective study of indications for laparoscopic surgery, post-operative course and the influence of Candida infection","authors":"T. NAKAMURA,&nbsp;M. YOSHIDA,&nbsp;Y. OTANI,&nbsp;K. KAMEYAMA,&nbsp;H. ISHIKAWA,&nbsp;K. KUMAI,&nbsp;T. KUBOTA,&nbsp;Y. SAIKAWA,&nbsp;M. KITAJIMA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00060.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00060.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve years has passed since we introduced laparoscopic surgery for gastroduodenal perforation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To list problems and to investigate the feasibility of our clinical protocol for treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer perforation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Case records of 62 patients and histology samples of 9 patients undergoing surgery for gastroduodenal perforation were retrospectively reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Laparoscopic omental implantation is feasible for some cases of perforated peptic ulcer in patients who have either stenosis or massive perforations. In patients undergoing laparoscopic omental implantation, oral ingestion of water was started at 3.3 ± 0.5 post-operative days. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> was positive in 27 of 35 patients (77%). Of 22 cases in whom intraoperative ascitic culture was taken, <i>Candida</i> was positive in nine (41%), and in six of eight cases involving wound infection or intraperitoneal abscess. Histological examination of resected stomach revealed the fungi with hypha formation at the base of the ulcer in 44% of patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Laparoscopic omental implantation was more feasible than in the past. The possibility of <i>Candida</i> infection and subsequent abscess formation must be considered in patients with gastroduodenal ulcer perforation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00060.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85320393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colonic mucosal lesions associated with long-term administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","authors":"T. OHKUSA,&nbsp;T. TERAI,&nbsp;S. ABE,&nbsp;O. KOBAYASHI,&nbsp;K. BEPPU,&nbsp;N. SAKAMOTO,&nbsp;A. KUROSAWA,&nbsp;T. OSADA,&nbsp;M. HOJO,&nbsp;A. NAGAHARA,&nbsp;T. OGIHARA,&nbsp;N. SATO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00030.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00030.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Effects of long-term administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the colon have not been well characterized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate colonoscopic findings and prevalence of adverse events following long-term use of NSAIDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 425 patients (mean 66.4 years) treated for over one year with NSAIDs, and 2125 age- and sex-matched patients without NSAIDs as controls. Eligible candidates were selected by medical record review for underlying diseases, pre-endoscopic symptoms, category of NSAIDs used, and duration of use. We used endoscopy to study lesion characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The occurrence rate of colonic lesions or bleeding in the NSAIDs user (13/425, 3.1%) was higher than that in controls (28/2125, 1.3%) (<i>p</i> = 0.017). Colitis was found in 10 of the 13 patients. The sigmoid colon, descending colon or both (70.0%) was commonly involved, and showed segmental ischemic colitis features in 8 of the 13 patients (61.5%). Among these, duration of use ranged from 1-30 years (mean 7.8). Nine of 13 patients (69.2%) took low-dose aspirin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of colonic lesions in long-term NSAIDs users is much lower than that of upper gastrointestinal side effects, but higher than that of colonic lesions in non-NSAIDs users. The most common features of NSAIDs-associated colitis were segmental ischeznia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"88-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00030.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81227793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}