Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series最新文献

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori infection induces accumulation of Vδ1 T cells via CCR2 upregulation","authors":"S. FUTAGAMI,&nbsp;T. HIRATSUKA,&nbsp;T. SHINDO,&nbsp;T. HAMAMOTO,&nbsp;N. UEKI,&nbsp;K. SUZUKI,&nbsp;M. KUSUNOKI,&nbsp;K. WADA,&nbsp;K. MIYAKE,&nbsp;K. OHASHI,&nbsp;K. GUDIS,&nbsp;T. TSUKUI,&nbsp;C. SAKAMOTO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00020.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00020.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated factors that impact <i>γδ</i> T-cell phenotype accumulation in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-infected gastric mucosa and peripheral blood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To determine whether <i>H. pylori</i> infection induces accumulation of V<i>δ</i>1 T cells via CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) upregulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mucosal biopsy samples from 22 <i>H. pylori-</i>free and 75 <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients were classified into grades I–III gastritis groups as per our previous study. The number of <i>γδ</i>, V<i>δ</i>1 and V<i>δ</i>2 T cells was evaluated by immunostaining and then compared with counts in 17 patients after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication. TGF-<i>β</i>, IFN-<i>γ</i> and CCR2 mRNA expression levels in V<i>δ</i>1 T cells stimulated by <i>H. pylori</i> component were also evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> <i>γδ</i> T-cell count was significantly higher in grade III gastritis patients, who exhibited strong IgA and IgG responses to <i>H. pylori</i> urease, than in other groups. V<i>δ</i>1 T cells were found dominantly residing in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected gastric mucosa, whereas V<i>δ</i>2 T cells were mainly found in peripheral blood. V<i>δ</i>1 T-cell count was significantly reduced after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy. In <i>in vitro</i> studies, <i>H. pylori</i> component stimulation significantly upregulated both TGF-<i>β</i> and IFN-<i>γ</i> production in supernatant from stimulated V<i>δ</i>1 T cells. Moreover, CCR2 mRNA expression in V<i>δ</i>1 T cells stimulated with <i>H. pylori</i> components was significantly increased.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accumulation of V<i>δ</i>1 T cells may occur through the upregulation of CCR2 expression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00020.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced plasma ghrelin levels in patients with functional dyspepsia","authors":"T. NISHIZAWA,&nbsp;H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;Y. NOMOTO,&nbsp;T. MASAOKA,&nbsp;H. HOSODA,&nbsp;M. MORI,&nbsp;T. OHARA,&nbsp;T. MORISHITA,&nbsp;K. KANGAWA,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00032.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00032.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ghrelin, growth-hormone-releasing peptide, has been reported to accelerate food intake and gastrointestinal motility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study was designed to investigate the plasma ghrelin levels in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-seven patients, who showed no evidence of peptic ulcer disease or gastrointestinal cancer on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, were recruited. Seventeen patients who had no gastrointestinal symptoms were recruited as controls. Forty-seven patients were diagnosed to be suffering from FD, based on the Rome II criteria. The FD patients were further subdivided into those with ulcer-like FD, dysmotility-like FD and non-specific-type FD, based on their Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) scores. Fourteen patients were categorized as having gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and 19 patients were excluded as having the irritable bowel syndrome, based on the GSRS. The plasma ghrelin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The plasma ghrelin levels were significantly higher in FD patients, especially in those with dysmotility-like FD, as compared with those in controls. The plasma ghrelin levels were also correlated well with the indigestion scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma ghrelin levels are significantly higher in patients with dysmotility-like FD, suggesting that this parameter could become useful as a novel supportive marker for the diagnosis of FD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"104-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00032.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression clusters of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated pathway in peripheral blood monocytes of Japanese patients with Crohn's disease","authors":"Y. NAITO,&nbsp;T. TAKAGI,&nbsp;K. MIZUSHIMA,&nbsp;M. UETA,&nbsp;S. KINOSHITA,&nbsp;O. HANDA,&nbsp;S. KOKURA,&nbsp;H. ICHIKAWA,&nbsp;N. YOSHIDA,&nbsp;T. YOSHIKAWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00054.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00054.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent reports support the notion that patients with Crohn's disease have a dysregulated innate immune response to endogenous flora.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To reveal the distinct gene expression clusters of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated pathway in the peripheral blood monocytes of Japanese patients with Crohn's disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood monocytes of four patients in the remission stage of Crohn's disease as well as four controls, and gene expression profiles before and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation were investigated using a high-density oligonucleotide probe array. To focus on innate immunity, the expression of genes to be studied was narrowed down to 118 probe sets which were selected using the following keywords: <i>lipopolysaccharide</i>, <i>toll</i>, <i>myd</i> and <i>tir</i> along with a software of NetAffx Analysis Center.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using hierarchical clustering analysis, we picked up to 44 and 36 probe sets for which expression had decreased before and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, respectively, in patients with Crohn's disease compared with healthy volunteers. The expression of TLR5, 7, MyD88, SIGIRR, and Tollip was decreased both before and after lipopolysaccharide stimulation in patients with Crohn's disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found several interesting clusters in monocytes before and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. These genes may have been responsible for the immunological differences between the Crohn's disease and control patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"256-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00054.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137554248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japanese patients with membranous nephropathy","authors":"T. MORIYAMA,&nbsp;T. KANEKO,&nbsp;M. FUJII,&nbsp;Y. TSUBAKIHARA,&nbsp;S. KAWANO,&nbsp;E. IMAI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00044.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00044.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Membranous nephropathy is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in Japanese adults, and is often precipitated by systemic diseases such as infection, neoplasm, and autoimmune conditions. Recently, the <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> antigen was detected histochemically in the glomeruli of membranous nephropathy patients, raising the possibility that <i>H. pylori</i> may be the pathogen that causes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To reveal the p1revalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the Japanese membranous nephropathy population and to test the therapeutic efficacy of <i>H. pylori</i> eradication on the course of disease in membranous nephropathy patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was investigated by the HM-CAP method in 32 membranous nephropathy patients and an age-matched control group (C: <i>n</i> = 243).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significantly higher <i>H. pylori</i> infection rate was found in membranous nephropathy patients than in the control group (positive/total: membranous nephropathy 21/32 vs. C 108/243, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 by chi-squared test). Eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> was achieved in four membranous nephropathy patients with proteinuria who were receiving glucocorticoid therapy, three of whom experienced a reduction of proteinuria after eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found a higher prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in Japanese membranous nephropathy patients than in age-matched control subjects, which suggests the possible involvement of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"189-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00044.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination between gastric ectopic pancreas and mesenchymal tumours, including GIST – from 12 years‘ surgical experience in one institute","authors":"Y. OTANI,&nbsp;M. YOSHIDA,&nbsp;Y. SAIKAWA,&nbsp;N. WADA,&nbsp;T. KUBOTA,&nbsp;K. KUMAI,&nbsp;Y. SUGINO,&nbsp;M. MUKAI,&nbsp;K. KAMEYAMA,&nbsp;M. KITAJIMA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00059.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00059.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although recent immunochemical analysis enabled the discrimination of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) to other mesenchymal tumours, preoperative diagnosis of these tumours is not always easy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To discriminate between ectopic pancreas (EP) and mesenchymal tumours, including GIST, 12 years surgical experience at Keio University Hospital was reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinicopathological findings were analysed for 131 patients with gastric submucosal tumours (SMT), including GIST (67 cases), myogenic tumour (21 cases), Schwannoma (11 cases), EP (12 cases) and others (20 cases) surgically treated at Keio University Hospital since 1993.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of clinicopathological findings of these tumours showed that GIST, myogenic tumour and Schwannoma mimic each other from the standpoint of size and location of the tumour. In contrast, comparison of mesenchymal tumours showed that, compared with gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumour, EP tends to exist at middle or lower third of the stomach (<i>P</i> = 0.004), and the tumour size was smaller than 3 cm (<i>P</i> = 0.0006). All EPs were laparoscopically resected and no malignant features were evident.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To avoid unnecessary surgery for EP, SMT smaller than 3 cm occurring in the middle or lower third of the stomach should be carefully selected as a candidate of surgical resection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"292-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00059.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78594719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoscopic classifications as diagnostic factors of peptic ulcer and early gastric cancer – a possible reason why Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric ulcers along lesser curvature","authors":"M. YOSHIDA,&nbsp;Y. SAIKAWA,&nbsp;S. HOSODA,&nbsp;K. KUMAI,&nbsp;T. KUBOTA,&nbsp;H. ISHIKAWA,&nbsp;T. NAKAMURA,&nbsp;R. NAKAMURA,&nbsp;K. KAMEYAMA,&nbsp;S. TAKAHASHI,&nbsp;N. KURIHARA,&nbsp;M. KITAJIMA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00061.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00061.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endoscopic classifications were reported to reflect the pathophysiology of gastric mucosa. However, relationship between gastric lesions and classifications has not been examined well.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the relationship between endoscopic classifications and cancers or ulcers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, 487 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in Takahashi Clinic and 257 patients with early gastric cancer in Keio University Hospital were enrolled.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incidence of reflux oesophagitis was higher in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-negative patients. K-form was better in the <i>H. pylori-</i>positive patients. Most cancers in the patients with the closed-type or reflux oesophagitis were of undifferentiated types. Incidences of ulcers were highest in C-2 and C-3 in which the borders of atrophy cross the medial oblique muscle bundle, the border circular muscle bundle or both, and 94% of ulcers in C-2 and C-3 stomach were located along the lesser curvature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The predominant existence of undifferentiated types in patients with reflux oesophagitis or closed-type stomach can be useful information for early diagnosis of cancers. The relationship between the Kimura–Takemoto classification and ulcer location may explain why <i>H. pylori</i> infection is related to ulcer formation along the lesser curvature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"303-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00061.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88019524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: comparative pharmacodynamic review of rabeprazole – focus on day 1 data","authors":"M. ROBINSON,&nbsp;J. BARONE","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00062.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00062.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proton pump inhibitors have become the preferred therapy for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and other acid-related disorders. Without clear-cut clinical data to help clinicians differentiate the impact of the five currently available proton pump inhibitors on early symptom relief and health-related quality of life, we can explore potentially relevant differences in pharmacodynamic profiles of these proton pump inhibitors.</p>\u0000 <p>In general, rabeprazole 10 and 20 mg achieve greater gastric pH &gt;4 and &gt;3 holding times and area under gastric pH–time curves on day 1 of treatment compared with other proton pump inhibitors.</p>\u0000 <p>Superiority in day 1 pharmacodynamic measures corroborates fast antisecretory onset, and supports the premise that rabeprazole will be especially suitable for on-demand use. In particular, comparisons with omeprazole and esomeprazole suggest better day 1 nocturnal acid control with rabeprazole.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 2","pages":"315-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00062.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"102735574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and nuclear β-catenin in colorectal cancer tissue","authors":"A. TATSUGUCHI,&nbsp;T. KISHIDA,&nbsp;S. FUJIMORI,&nbsp;S. TANAKA,&nbsp;K. GUDIS,&nbsp;S. SHINJI,&nbsp;K. FURUKAWA,&nbsp;T. TAJIRI,&nbsp;Y. SUGISAKI,&nbsp;Y. FUKUDA,&nbsp;C. SAKAMOTO","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00039.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00039.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both adenomatous polyposis coli (<i>APC</i>) gene mutation and cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 are thought to play key roles in colorectal carcinogenesis. Nuclear accumulation of <i>β</i>-catenin results from <i>APC</i> gene mutation, which leads to enhanced transcription and activation of target genes, including cyclin D1. <i>In vitro</i> studies suggest that <i>Cox-2</i> transcription is directly regulated by <i>β</i>-catenin/TCF complexes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the relationship between cellular localization of <i>β</i>-catenin and COX-2 in colorectal cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed immunohistochemical analysis of <i>β</i>-catenin, cyclin D1 and COX-2 expression in 50 resected colorectal cancer cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proportion of cases positive for cyclin D1 was higher in nuclear <i>β</i>-catenin-positive cases than in negative cases (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). Serial sections revealed that the co-localization of cyclin D1 and nuclear <i>β</i>-catenin was most frequently evident in the tumour cells at the advancing margin of invasive carcinoma. Conversely, there was no association between COX-2 and nuclear <i>β</i>-catenin expression, either topographically or statistically. The staining patterns for COX-2 and nuclear <i>β</i>-catenin differed; COX-2 was diffuse and homogeneous, whereas nuclear <i>β</i>-catenin was focal and preferentially distributed at the invasive margin of cancer cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These two important modulators of colorectal tumourigenesis are differentially expressed. <i>Cox-2</i> and <i>β</i>-catenin transcription may be activated by different pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00039.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the role of Helicobacter pylori as a promoter of gastric cancer from the viewpoint of structural chromosomal aberration","authors":"T. OHARA,&nbsp;J. KASANUKI,&nbsp;T. MORISHITA,&nbsp;N. YAMAMOTO,&nbsp;T. SHIBAHARA,&nbsp;H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;T. MASAOKA,&nbsp;T. NISHIZAWA,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00033.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00033.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine whether <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> induces structural chromosomal aberrations, such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI) in the infected gastric mucosa.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subjects were 13 patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive and 9 with <i>H. pylori</i>-negative gastric cancer and 20 patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive and 4 patients with <i>H. pylori</i>-negative chronic gastritis. Gastric mucosal tissues were endoscopically sampled from each subject. Each sample was checked for structural chromosomal aberrations (LOH and MSI) by PCR and microsatellite analysis, using a total of 31 primers corresponding to the regions containing the major genes of chromosomes 1q, 5q, 7q, 17p, 17q, 18q and 21q.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All tissue samples obtained from cancer-affected regions of the stomach had structural chromosomal aberrations (LOH or MSI), irrespective of <i>H. pylori</i> infection. The degree of structural chromosomal aberration was greater in poorly differentiated than well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. In addition, structural chromosomal aberrations were also found in a few samples obtained from the chronic atrophic gastritis group, irrespective of <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It seems unlikely that <i>H. pylori</i> serves as a direct promoter of gastric cancer, and <i>H. pylori</i>-positive chronic gastritis may not always be a precancerous state.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00033.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between ghrelin and Helicobacter pylori infection in Polish adult shepherds and their children","authors":"M. PLONKA,&nbsp;P. C. KONTUREK,&nbsp;W. BIELANSKI,&nbsp;T. PAWLIK,&nbsp;T. BRZOZOWSKI,&nbsp;S. J. KONTUREK","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00040.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00040.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ghrelin stimulates food intake and body weight gain. The stomach is the major source of circulating ghrelin, but controversy exists over the relationship between ghrelin release and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the relationship between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and ghrelin, leptin and gastrin release in adult shepherds and their children, and to measure the effect of <i>H. pylori</i> eradication on gastric ghrelin content.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> <i>H. pylori</i> prevalence was compared in 42 shepherds with full contact with sheep, 148 farmers without sheep contact and in 61 age-matched urban adult controls as well as in 58 shepherd children with sheep contact, 88 mountain children without contact and 141 urban children controls. Serum levels of ghrelin, leptin and gastrin in adult shepherds and their children with and without <i>H. pylori</i> infection were measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The major source of circulating ghrelin was gastric corpus mucosa, as ghrelin content was severalfold higher than that in antral mucosa and was significantly higher in the <i>H. pylori</i>-eradicated than that in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected mucosa. Serum levels of ghrelin were greatly increased, while gastrin levels were significantly decreased in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative as compared with <i>H. pylori</i>-positive subjects. In mountain children, serum levels of ghrelin and leptin were about twofold higher in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative than in <i>H. pylori</i>-positive children, whereas gastrin levels were significantly reduced in <i>H. pylori</i>-negative children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The high incidence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in shepherds and their children seems to contribute to the decreased serum levels of ghrelin and increased levels of gastrin in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected mountain children and to their decreased appetite and dyspeptic symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"160-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00040.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}