Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series最新文献

{"title":"Could frameshift mutations in the frxA and rdxA genes of Helicobacter pylori be a marker for metronidazole resistance?","authors":"T. MASAOKA,&nbsp;H. SUZUKI,&nbsp;K. KURABAYASHI,&nbsp;Y. NOMOTO,&nbsp;T. NISHIZAWA,&nbsp;M. MORI,&nbsp;T. HIBI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00029.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00029.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although resistance of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> to metronidazole had been reported to be associated with mutations in the <i>rdxA</i> or the <i>frxA</i> gene, recent studies have indicated that they may contribute little to metronidazole resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To clarify the roles of these genes in metronidazole resistance, we examined them in strains that were not eradicated by first-line eradication therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 132 patients (92 males, 40 females, average age: 53.8 years old) who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after unsuccessful first-line <i>H. pylori</i> eradication were enrolled. Antibiotic susceptibility to metronidazole was investigated using the agar dilution method. The <i>H. pylori</i><i>rdxA</i> and <i>frxA</i> genes were then sequenced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the metronidazole-resistant strains, the sensitivity of detection of frameshift mutations in the <i>rdxA</i> gene was 44%. A significant association between the presence of frameshift mutations in the <i>rdxA</i> gene and resistance to metronidazole was observed. No significant association between frameshift mutations in the <i>frxA</i> gene and resistance to metronidazole was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mutation in the <i>rdxA</i> gene was sufficient, but not necessary to confer resistance to metronidazole in <i>H. pylori</i>. Mutation in the <i>frxA</i> gene was not necessary for resistance to metronidazole in <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00029.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90285281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: regulation of TFF1 (pS2) expression in gastric epithelial cells","authors":"Y. FUJII,&nbsp;T. SHIMADA,&nbsp;T. KOIKE,&nbsp;K. HOSAKA,&nbsp;K. TABEI,&nbsp;T. NAMATAME,&nbsp;A. TAJIMA,&nbsp;M. YONEDA,&nbsp;A. TERANO,&nbsp;H. HIRAISHI","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00058.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00058.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trefoil factor family (TFF) is a group of small peptides secreted by gastrointestinal epithelial cells.</p>\u0000 <p>Among three known TFF peptides, TFF1 (formerly pS2) is expressed at a high level in gastric epithelial cells and plays an essential and critical role in maintaining the integrity of the gastric mucosa. Recent evidence also suggests that <i>TFF1</i> acts as a tumour suppressor gene in the stomach.</p>\u0000 <p> <i>TFF1</i> was originally discovered as an oestrogen-inducible gene in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and its expression is dependent on oestrogen in MCF-7 and other hormone-dependent breast cancer cells. Although gastric epithelial cells express oestrogen receptors (ERs), gastric TFF1 expression appears to be independent of oestrogen signalling. Instead, several cis-regulatory elements are involved in the regulation of gastric TFF1 expression and balanced signalling from gp130, a common IL-6 family coreceptor, has been shown to be necessary for the proper expression of TFF1 in the stomach.</p>\u0000 <p>Epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation in the promoter region of the <i>TFF1</i> gene, may be also important for tissue-specific expression of TFF1 in the stomach. However, further studies are still needed to fully understand the detailed regulatory mechanisms of TFF1 expression in gastric epithelial cells.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"285-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00058.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host serological response to Helicobacter pylori after successful eradication: long-term follow-up in patients with cured and persistent infection","authors":"J. TANAKA,&nbsp;T. OHKUSA,&nbsp;T. YOKOYAMA,&nbsp;T. MATSUHISA,&nbsp;T. KAWAI,&nbsp;H. HASHIMOTO,&nbsp;T. TOMITA,&nbsp;K. HORI,&nbsp;K. NAKAJIMA,&nbsp;T. MATSUMOTO,&nbsp;H. MIWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00052.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00052.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To systematically determine the usefulness of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> IgG antibody titer decline as a predictor of treatment success after <i>H. pylori</i> eradication in large patient samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum samples from 258 <i>H. pylori</i> positive patients (52.8 yrs, 65% males) were retrospectively collected from five medical centers, and <i>H. pylori</i> titers were quantitatively determined by ELISA. Serial serum samples were collected at baseline and for up to 4.9 years after treatment. 169 patients underwent successful eradication while 89 remained infected. The median total observation period was 635 days (range, 51 to 1,800 days). Chronological changes in <i>H. pylori</i> titers were analyzed and compared between cured and infection persistent subjects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proportion of infection persistent patients who developed negative <i>H. pylori</i> IgG antibody titers was below 5%. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the confirmation of successful eradication according to the percent decline over baseline at each time-point showed that a 60% decline at 1 year or more after eradication treatment strongly correlated with successful eradication (sensitivity = 90% and specificity = 87%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 60% decline in <i>H. pylori</i> IgG titers (HEL-p kit) from baseline to one year or greater is a reliable predictor of successful <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"239-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00052.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137554278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori eradication and metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer","authors":"S. NAKAGAWA,&nbsp;M. ASAKA,&nbsp;M. KATO,&nbsp;T. NAKAMURA,&nbsp;C. KATO,&nbsp;T. FUJIOKA,&nbsp;M. TATSUTA,&nbsp;K. KEIDA,&nbsp;S. TERAO,&nbsp;S. TAKAHASHI,&nbsp;N. UEMURA,&nbsp;T. KATO,&nbsp;N. AOYAMA,&nbsp;D. SAITO,&nbsp;M. SUZUKI,&nbsp;A. IMAMURA,&nbsp;K. SATO,&nbsp;H. MIWA,&nbsp;H. NOMURA,&nbsp;M. KAISE,&nbsp;S. OOHARA,&nbsp;T. KAWAI,&nbsp;K. URABE,&nbsp;N. SAKAKI,&nbsp;S. ITO,&nbsp;Y. NODA,&nbsp;A. YANAKA,&nbsp;K. KUSUGAMI,&nbsp;H. GOTO,&nbsp;T. FURUTA,&nbsp;M. FUJINO,&nbsp;F. KINJYOU,&nbsp;T. OOKUSA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00048.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00048.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To conduct a retrospective multicentre study at 31 medical centres in Japan, to investigate the association between the eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and the development of new gastric cancer after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients included those in whom early gastric cancer had been removed by EMR, and who had received follow-up endoscopic treatment. All patients underwent follow-up endoscopic treatment at least once a year after the initial EMR. The rate of new gastric cancer development was compared among those patients for whom <i>H. pylori</i> had been successfully eradicated and those with persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 2835 patients with a median follow-up period of 2 years (range 0.5–12 years). <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> was eradicated in 356 patients (13%). Metachronous gastric cancers developed in eight (2%) patients among those who had been successfully treated for <i>H. pylori</i>, compared with 129 patients (5%) among those with persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection (<i>P</i> = 0.021; OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.20–0.86).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although longer term, prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to better estimate the extent and sustainability of possible benefits, this study suggests that the eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> may help reduce the incidence of metachronous gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"214-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00048.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137554282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of gastro-oesophageal flap valve is useful for diagnosing gastro-oesophageal reflux disease","authors":"M. IWAMOTO,&nbsp;K. KATO,&nbsp;S. MIZUNO,&nbsp;S. MIYAMOTO,&nbsp;R. TAKEUCHI,&nbsp;A. IWASAKI,&nbsp;Y. ARAKAWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00037.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00037.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastro-oesophageal flap valve (GEFV) grade correlated with endoscopic reflux oesophagitis (RE) prevalence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate relationships among gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, RE and/or non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and GEFV grades in subjects undergoing endoscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled 1305 subjects from whom endoscopic results and the results of a self-administered questionnaire (QUEST) were available. Subjects were evaluated for GERD symptoms (QUEST score), GEFV grade, RE and gastric mucosal atrophy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total GERD prevalence, including symptomatic GERD (QUEST score ≥ 4) and/or RE, was 27%. RE grade and prevalence increased with GEFV grade. QUEST scores and GEFV grades showed a positive correlation. NERD prevalence was 14% and increased with GEFV grade, but the relationship was weaker than that between RE and GEFV. Comparing RE-negative subjects by GEFV grade, GERD symptoms were noted in 10%, 19%, 36% and 52% with GEFV grades I, II, III and IV, respectively. Neither type of gastric mucosal atrophy correlated with GEFV grade.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Total GERD, NERD and RE prevalences increased with GEFV grade. Subjects with high GEFV grades often complain of GERD symptoms, even without RE. Our findings suggest that endoscopic GEFV evaluation provides a useful clinical index for diagnosing GERD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00037.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77044593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: duodenal bicarbonate – mucosal protection, luminal chemosensing and acid–base balance","authors":"J. D. KAUNITZ,&nbsp;Y. AKIBA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00041.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00041.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The duodenum serves as a buffer zone between the stomach and the jejunum. Over a length of only 25 cm, large volumes of strong acid secreted by the stomach must be converted to the neutral–alkaline chyme of the hindgut lumen, generating large volumes of CO₂.</p>\u0000 <p>The duodenal mucosa consists of epithelial cells connected by low-resistance tight junctions, forming a leaky epithelial barrier. Despite this permeability, the epithelial cells, under intense stress from luminal mineral acid and highly elevated Pco₂, maintain normal functioning.</p>\u0000 <p>Bicarbonate ion uniquely protects the duodenal epithelial cells from acid-related injury. The specific protective mechanisms likely involve luminal bicarbonate secretion, intracellular pH buffering and interstitial buffering. Furthermore, the duodenum plays an active role in foregut acid–base homeostasis, absorbing large amounts of H⁺ and CO₂.</p>\u0000 <p>We have studied mucosal protection and acid–base balance using live-animal fluorescence ratio microimaging and by performing H⁺ and CO₂ balance studies on duodenal perfusates. On the basis of these data, we have formulated novel hypotheses with regard to mucosal protection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"169-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00041.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137547589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in ischaemic colitis and ulcerative colitis","authors":"T. OKUDA,&nbsp;T. AZUMA,&nbsp;M. OHTANI,&nbsp;S. MATSUNAGA,&nbsp;R. MASAKI,&nbsp;S. SATOMI,&nbsp;T. INAGAKI,&nbsp;A. MURAMATSU,&nbsp;S. LEE,&nbsp;H. SUTO,&nbsp;Y. ITO,&nbsp;Y. YAMAZAKI,&nbsp;S. ITO,&nbsp;M. KURIYAMA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00043.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00043.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) is a transcriptional factor induced by ischaemic crisis in many tissues. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important growth factor that plays a major role in angiogenesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We examined the aetiology and pathophysiology of human ischaemic colitis and ulcerative colitis from the viewpoint of the expression of these two ischaemic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-two patients with ischaemic colitis, 16 with ulcerative colitis and 25 normal controls underwent colonoscopy. Biopsy samples were taken from a colitis lesion and a normal region in the same patient. In the normal controls, four biopsy samples were obtained from each subject. Biopsy samples were subjected to real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypoxia-inducible factor and VEGF were overexpressed in ischaemic colitis lesions and quickly decreased to normal levels in the healing phase. In contrast, HIF but not VEGF was overexpressed in active ulcerative colitis lesions. In the remission phase of ulcerative colitis, VEGF decreased to low levels, although HIF was continuously overexpressed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overexpression of HIF and VEGF contribute to the tolerance of ischaemia in patients with active ischaemic colitis. The inconsistency in their expression might be associated with the chronic intestinal damage characteristic of ulcerative colitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00043.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of efficacies of dual therapy and triple therapy using rabeprazole in second-line eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Japan","authors":"T. KAWAI,&nbsp;K. KAWAKAMI,&nbsp;M. KATAOKA,&nbsp;S. TAIRA,&nbsp;T. ITOI,&nbsp;F. MORIYASU,&nbsp;Y. TAKAGI,&nbsp;T. AOKI,&nbsp;E. RIMBARA,&nbsp;N. NOGUCHI,&nbsp;M. SASATSU","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00021.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00021.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The only authorized second-line <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> regimen in Japan is proton pump inhibitor + amoxycillin + clarithromycin. However, it has been reported that this second-line regimen is not effective. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of dual and triple eradication therapies using rabeprazole as second-line <i>H. pylori</i> eradication regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the efficacy of dual and triple eradication therapies using rabeprazole as second-line <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-two <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients with first-line eradication failure were randomly assigned to two groups. The RAM group was administered rabeprazole 20 mg + amoxycillin 1500 mg + metronidazole 500 mg daily for 1 week. The RA group was administered rabeprazole 40 mg + amoxycillin 2000 mg daily for 2 weeks. Eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was determined by ¹³C-urea breath testing at 8 weeks after completion of treatment. Prior to treatment, amoxycillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole susceptibility, and CYP2C19 phenotype status were determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eradication rates for the RAM and RA groups were 97% and 74%, respectively. Eradication rates were not influenced by CYP2C19 phenotype in either group. Eradication rates for clarithromycin-resistant patients were 100% in the RAM group and 77% in the RA group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One week with RAM therapy and 2 weeks with RA therapy were effective as second-line eradication therapy for <i>H. pylori</i> infection; moreover, RAM was more effective than RA therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"16-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00021.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between the grading of gastric atrophy associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and the severity of clinical symptoms and delay in gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia","authors":"K. KADOUCHI,&nbsp;K. TOMINAGA,&nbsp;M. OCHI,&nbsp;E. KAWAMURA,&nbsp;E. SASAKI,&nbsp;M. SHIBA,&nbsp;T. WATANABE,&nbsp;Y. FUJIWARA,&nbsp;N. OSHITANI,&nbsp;K. HIGUCHI,&nbsp;S. SHIOMI,&nbsp;T. ARAKAWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00025.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00025.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Summary</h3>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atrophic and inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa are commonly observed in Japanese patients with functional dyspepsia. However, detailed data regarding the correlation between the severity of these changes and the symptoms of functional dyspepsia are not available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate grading scales of gastric atrophy and inflammation, severity of clinical symptoms, and gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-three patients with dyspepsia were enrolled. The severity of gastric atrophy was graded through serological and histological examination, and gastric inflammation was evaluated histologically. Clinical symptoms were evaluated on the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale, including subscales for abdominal pain, acid reflux, diarrhoea, indigestion and constipation. Gastric emptying half-time was measured using a radioisotope technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and gastric inflammation influenced neither clinical symptoms nor gastric emptying time. However, a correlation was observed between gastric atrophy as graded by serological examination and indigestion (<i>R</i> = 0.31, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Histological examination also showed a correlation between gastric atrophy and abdominal pain and indigestion (<i>R</i> = 0.31, <i>P</i> = 0.04 and <i>R</i> = 0.35, <i>P</i> = 0.02 respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric atrophy associated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection may be partly responsible for the clinical symptoms experienced by patients with functional dyspepsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"2 1","pages":"49-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2006.00025.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137558191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review article: recommendations for the clinical management of patients taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – a gastroenterologist's perspective","authors":"A. LANAS","doi":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2005.00015.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1746-6342.2005.00015.x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are several risk factors that predispose a patient taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The most significant are a previous ulcer history and age, but other factors such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug dose, concomitant aspirin and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection also play a role.</p>\u0000 <p>When giving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment the physician must balance the known benefits in terms of a reduction in pain and inflammation, and in the case of aspirin the cardiovascular benefits, with the potential gastrointestinal risks, which can be fatal. Selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors have similar efficacy to non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs but a better gastrointestinal safety profile, and were an attractive alternative to traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs until recent data raised concerns about their cardiovascular safety.</p>\u0000 <p>It has also been demonstrated that the gastrointestinal benefits of cyclo-oxygenase-2 agents are eliminated when they are taken concomitantly with aspirin. A Spanish epidemiological study investigated the relative risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors and a range of other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The combination of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug plus a proton-pump inhibitor was found to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding; the combination of a cyclo-oxygenase-2 agent plus a proton-pump inhibitor further reduced this risk, and was calculated to be a cost-effective option compared with hospitalization for a gastrointestinal bleeding event.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50822,"journal":{"name":"Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Symposium Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"16-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1746-6342.2005.00015.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"105156360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}