American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"The influence of 3-dimensional printing layer thickness on model accuracy and the perceived fit of thermoformed retainers","authors":"Tarek Elshebiny ,&nbsp;Ian Canepa ,&nbsp;F. Kurtis Kasper ,&nbsp;Ioannis A. Tsolakis ,&nbsp;Stefanos Matthaios ,&nbsp;Juan Martin Palomo","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of dental model printing using 2 different layer height settings and how these settings affect the fabrication of thermoformed retainers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Subjects were recruited from the Department of Orthodontics at Case Western Reserve University and scanned according to specific selection criteria. A total of 30 stereolithography files were produced and used as reference files. The stereolithography files were printed at the recommended layer height of 100 μm and 170 μm with a Sprint Ray Pro 95 3-dimensional (3D) printer (Sprint Ray, Los Angeles, Calif). All printed models were scanned using the same iTero intraoral scanner (Align Technology, San Jose, Calif) as was used for the initial intraoral scan as well. The accuracy of the printed models was based on the evaluation of root mean square values resulting from 3D superimpositions. Afterward, vacuum-formed retainers were fabricated. The vacuum-formed retainers were evaluated by the patient and an American Board of Orthodontics-certified orthodontist.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No difference was observed in the maxillary arch (<em>P</em> = 0.85) and the mandibular arch accuracy (<em>P</em> = 0.08) by assessing the root mean square values. No difference was observed in the doctor retainer score of the maxillary retainers (<em>P</em> = 0.37) and the mandibular retainers (<em>P</em> = 0.77). There was no difference in the patient retainer score of the maxillary (<em>P</em> = 0.08) and the mandibular retainers (<em>P</em> = 0.22) when comparing retainers. Conversely, less printing time was observed when printing the models with 170 μm compared with 100 μm (<em>P</em> &lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The accuracy of a dental model printed with a Sprint Ray Pro 95 3D printer was not affected by the 100 or 170 μm layer height. Orthodontists and patients did not detect a statistically significant difference in retainer fit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 4","pages":"Pages 490-498.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite model analysis of different anchorage sites for bone-supported facemask application in unilateral cleft lip and palate","authors":"Busra Gokalp Sahin,&nbsp;Bengisu Akarsu-Guven","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the miniplate application sites in the maxilla and the applied force vector changes during skeletally supported facemask application in adolescent patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) using finite element model (FEM) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A FEM was obtained from a cone-beam computed tomography image of a 12-year-old female patient with UCLP. Miniplates were placed on 3 different sites of the maxilla; 500 g of advancement force was applied bilaterally, parallel (0°), and downward (−30°) to the occlusal plane. Von Mises stress and displacement in the nasomaxillary complex were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Von Mises stress values were higher at 0° force mechanics in the nasomaxillary complex in 3 different miniplate sites. In all scenarios, stresses were higher in zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofrontal, and pterygopalatine sutures. In the y-axis, the amount of displacement was higher in the 0° force mechanics in all models. Midface advancement and clockwise rotation of the nasomaxillary complex were observed in the −30° force mechanics over mini plates placed on the lateral nasal wall and among the premolars, whereas counterclockwise rotation occurred in all miniplate placement sites with 0° force vector.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with skeletal Class III maloclussion with UCLP, anterior placement of miniplates in the maxilla may be a more precise alternative when midface advancement and clockwise rotation of the nasomaxillary complex are desired. This FEM study demonstrated that more anterior placement sites and a 30° force vector is efficacious for maxillary clockwise advancement in UCLP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 4","pages":"Pages 473-489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric and tridimensional root resorption and alveolar bone changes in Class II malocclusion extraction protocol treated with clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances: A comparative study.","authors":"Ibtehal Almagrami, Abduljabbar Yahya Albarakani, Abeer A Almashraqi, Maged S Alhammadi, Leena Ali Al-Warafi, Maryam Almaqrami, Yiqiang Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to assess the root resorption and alveolar bone changes of maxillary incisors volumetrically and 3-dimensionally in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion who underwent treatments involving the extraction of 4 first premolars with conventional fixed appliances (FAs) vs clear aligners (CAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 320 maxillary incisors from 80 patients were assessed and divided into 2 groups (FAs and CAs), each possessing similar baseline characteristics. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography scans were used to analyze linear and volumetric orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption, alveolar bone thickness (ABT), alveolar bone height (ABH), as well as anteroposterior and vertical movements of maxillary incisors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups revealed a significant reduction in palatal ABT and an increase in labial ABT in both the central and lateral incisors. The total ABT reduction was more pronounced in the FAs group than in the CAs group (P <0.005). In terms of ABH, FAs treatment resulted in more labial and palatal marginal alveolar bone resorption around the maxillary incisors. The root length and volume losses in the CAs group were significantly less than those in the FAs group: 0.90 ± 0.97 vs 1.85 ± 1.18 mm and 19.59 ± 8.75 vs 24.28 ± 10.05 mm³, respectively. The axial inclination was significantly less in the CAs group than in the FAs group: 8.83 ± 8.73 vs 2.64 ± 12.31°.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Treatments of Class II Division 1 malocclusion with FAs and CAs appeared to cause a statistically significant palatal ABT reduction and maxillary incisors root resorptions, with the FAs treatment causing a more significant effect. Both treatment modalities significantly reduced the ABH, with the greatest reduction found on the lateral incisors' palatal side in the FAs group. The CAs treatment resulted in a more significant incisor lingual tipping.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentoskeletal effects of molar distalization with miniscrew-anchored cantilever and pendulum appliance for Class II correction.","authors":"Cassio Bernard Alves Campos, Lorena Vilanova, Luiz Eduardo Alessio Junior, Felicia Miranda, Daniela Garib, José Fernando Castanha Henriques","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to compare the dental and skeletal changes promoted by the miniscrew-anchored cantilever and pendulum appliance for Class II correction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study involved 52 patients with Class II malocclusion divided into 2 groups according to the treatment received: the miniscrew group (MG) with 23 patients (14 females and 9 males; mean initial age of 12.42 years) treated using the miniscrew-anchored cantilever, and the pendulum group (PG) with 29 patients (21 females and 8 males; mean initial age of 13.60 years) treated using the pendulum appliance. Lateral cephalograms and digital dental models were obtained and analyzed in 2 phases: pretreatment and postdistalization. Intergroup comparisons were performed using t test, Mann-Whitney test, and multivariate analysis of covariance test for covariates (P <0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups exhibited similar molar distalization (3.25 ± 1.68 mm for MG and 2.90 ± 2.17 mm for PG). The MG showed distalization of premolars (2.03 ± 2.09 mm) and incisors (1.70 ± 2.27 mm), whereas the PG exhibited mesialization of premolars (3.24 ± 2.01 mm) and incisors (2.30 ± 2.60 mm). A greater distal rotation (20.20° ± 5.73° for MG and 4.26° ± 6.41° for PG; P <0.001) and smaller distal angulation (8.55° ± 3.75° for MG and 14.36° ± 5.67° for PG; P <0.001) of the maxillary first molar was observed in the MG when compared with the PG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both devices were effective for Class II molar distalization. The miniscrew-anchored cantilever was able to control the side effects of mesialization in the incisors and premolars during distalization when compared with distalization with a pendulum appliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the reliability of palatal rugae as a reference area in digital superimposition after slow maxillary expansion treatment","authors":"Şule Gökmen ,&nbsp;Kübra Gülnur Topsakal ,&nbsp;Gökhan Serhat Duran ,&nbsp;Serkan Görgülü","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the stability of palatal rugae patterns after slow maxillary expansion (SME) treatment and the reliability of the rugae region as a reference region in digital superimposition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The SME group comprised 21 subjects with Angle Class I or Class II dental malocclusion with unilateral or bilateral crossbite and constricted maxilla and were selected before the pubertal peak. Intraoral scans were captured via the intraoral scanner iTero Element software (version 1.13; Align Technology, San Jose, Calif) before treatment and after completion of 12 rotations of the screw in the expansion appliance. Patients rotated the screw once a week by the established protocol. The digital data of the impressions were analyzed using GOM Inspect 3D analysis software (version 2018; GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany). Dimensional changes in rugae after SME were measured with MeshLab software (version 2022.02, the Visual Computing Lab of CNR-ISTI, Italy). For the statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality, whereas the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were applied for group comparisons.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to digital superimposition data, the root mean square value of the rugae region in the SME group was found to be 0.195 ± 0.086 mm. The greatest dimensional change was found in the third rugae (1.70 ± 0.42 mm, <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons revealed a statistically significant difference between the dimensional changes of the first and third rugae (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). No statistically significant difference was found as a result of pairwise comparisons of the right and left rugae points (<em>P</em> = 0.083 and <em>P</em> = 0.200, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The observed transverse dimensional changes in the rugae, particularly in the third rugae, indicate that caution should be exercised in using the rugae region as a reference in superpositions after SME treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 4","pages":"Pages 454-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors: Bone formation by orthodontic tooth movement and long-term stability of the edentulous alveolar ridge at 12-15 years after treatment","authors":"Ivo Marek ,&nbsp;Soňa Nováčková ,&nbsp;Josef Kučera","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The primary aim of this study was to assess the amount and long-term stability of orthodontically created bone in patients with agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors after canine distalization. The secondary aim was to explore the impact of patient age on the process of alveolar bone resorption.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A group of patients with agenesis of the maxillary permanent lateral incisor was examined at 4 time points: the beginning of orthodontic treatment (T1, n = 80), the end of treatment (T2, n = 80), 2-5 years after treatment (T3, n = 79), and 12-15 years after treatment (T4, n = 32). The width of the edentulous alveolar bone was measured from study casts at the level of the bone ridge (point A) and 5 mm apically from the alveolar ridge (point B). Alveolar ridge height was also recorded using panoramic radiographs at all time points. Paired <em>t</em> tests, 2-sample <em>t</em> tests, Friedman test with Bonferroni correction, Spearman`s correlation, and linear regression tests were used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The alveolar ridge width was reduced by an average of 0.44 mm at point A and 0.47 mm at point B during the 12-15 years after treatment (T2-T4) and by 0.21 mm and 0.19 mm during the last 10 years (T3-T4). The alveolar ridge height was reduced by 0.59 mm between T2 and T4 and by 0.05 mm between T3 and T4. All reductions in ridge width and height were statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). However, no significant correlation was observed between patient age and changes in alveolar bone parameters (<em>P</em> &gt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although the reductions in alveolar ridge dimensions were statistically significant, the orthodontically created bone after canine distalization remained stable 12-15 years after treatment in both the horizontal and vertical dimensions. Patient age did not significantly influence alveolar bone changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 4","pages":"Pages 464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study of preoperative anxiety in orthognathic patients: The patient perspective","authors":"Xiu Ling Florence Kok ,&nbsp;Fiona S. Ryan ,&nbsp;Jamie Gwilliam ,&nbsp;Mark Sayers ,&nbsp;Susan J. Cunningham","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Increased preoperative anxiety may have an adverse impact on the patient experience. This qualitative study therefore aimed to explore those factors affecting anxiety in the approach to orthognathic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 28 orthognathic patients who had completed their presurgical orthodontic treatment and were within 8 weeks before their surgery underwent one-to-one in-depth interviews. The interviews explored their experience in the preoperative period, with the focus on aspects relating to anxiety. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and data were then analyzed using a thematic framework approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight themes and associated subthemes were identified. The first theme related to time and described the approach to the surgery and the transience of the side effects. The second theme discussed control and how the need for control may affect anxiety; the third focused on fear related to the surgery and the element of “the unknown.” The fourth theme highlighted the importance of trust between patients and clinicians, whilst the fifth focused on information and its delivery, which was crucial for managing uncertainty. The sixth theme centered on expectations about the surgery and the patient’s ability to cope, and the seventh discussed coping strategies that were effective in alleviating anxiety. The final theme focused on the benefits of a strong, effective support system in reducing anxiety. No distinct typologies emerged from the data. Recommendations for consideration by clinicians are presented.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings provide a novel insight into the multifactorial nature of preoperative anxiety in orthognathic patients and also highlight the important role of the clinical team in creating a supportive environment to help reduce patient anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 1","pages":"Pages 17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directory: AAO Officers and Organizations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0889-5406(24)00499-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0889-5406(24)00499-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 1","pages":"Page 134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"So now you owe me the money","authors":"Laurance Jerrold","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 1","pages":"Pages 123-126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directly printed aligner therapy: A 12-month evaluation of application and effectiveness","authors":"Vanessa Knode ,&nbsp;Björn Ludwig ,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Retrouvey ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Pandis ,&nbsp;Jonas Q. Schmid ,&nbsp;Christina Erbe ,&nbsp;Padhraig S. Fleming","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Directly printed aligners (DPAs) are gaining in popularity, potentially streamlining manufacturing, decreasing environmental waste, and offering enhanced adaptation and tailoring. This transition has been facilitated by advances in materials, software, and production. Although DPAs may have enhanced versatility and application in the management of more complex malocclusions, there is little research evaluating their effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 54 patients undergoing treatment with DPAs were evaluated for occlusal improvement, overall treatment duration, and adverse effects. Regression models were fit to evaluate the association between the need for refinement, final peer assessment rating (PAR) score, and independent variables, including the total number of aligners and treatment indications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean number of aligners in the initial plan was 7.1 ± 2.9 and 5.1 ± 4.3 in maxillary and mandibular arches. Refinement was required in 40.8% (n = 20). The pretreatment PAR score of 17.01 ± 7.93 showed a significant improvement (86.6%), with a final PAR score of 2.25 ± 1.15. Minor complications were noted in 3 participants. The need for refinement was unrelated to the total number of aligners (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.18; <em>P</em> = 0.36). There was weak evidence of an association between the final PAR score and the total number of aligners (odds ratio, −0.03; 95% confidence interval, −0.07 to 0.003, <em>P</em> = 0.07).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>On the basis of this preliminary retrospective evaluation, DPAs may be used to manage mild-moderate malocclusion, producing a significant reduction in PAR score. Nevertheless, additional prospective research is required to confirm these findings and compare the relative merits of DPAs to alternatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 1","pages":"Pages 73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}